Support From Intermediary Organizations for Evidence-Based Practices in Behavioral Health Care.

Intermediary and purveyor organizations play a key role in disseminating and implementing evidence-based behavioral health best practices (EBPs). The authors provide a case example to describe how state-funded intermediaries can enhance the implementation and sustainment of EBP. Benefits of using state-funded intermediaries include the ability to collaborate with state entities to address barriers to and then incentivize best practices, access to resources to develop a robust infrastructure to support EBP training and implementation, and enhanced capacity to support organizations beyond individual EBPs (e.

Integrated Treatment Group Curriculum for People with Serious Mental Health Conditions Who Use Substances.

Without proper treatment, people with co-occurring mental health and substance use problems are at great risk for poor outcomes and high treatment costs in multiple domains. Intermediary organizations can provide support to programs implementing integrated treatment and other evidence-based practices; this includes developing practical tools for programs built to encourage fidelity to a particular practice. In this paper, we describe a group curriculum workbook designed to help practitioners provide integrated treatment with fidelity and a pilot learning collaborative to evaluate whether this workbook is a helpful tool for programs to support people with serious mental health conditions and substance use in identifying and achieving personal goals.

Staff Time in the Community: An Enduring Critical Component of Individual Placement and Support in the Digital Age.

Objective: This study examined the relationship between individual placement and support (IPS) employment specialists' time spent in the community and employment outcomes in the current digital age, featuring increased technology use and online hiring practices.

Methods: The authors examined the relationship between employment outcomes and IPS employment specialists' time spent in the community at 78 sites in 2018 and 84 sites in 2019.

Results: The amount of time staff spent in the community was significantly and positively associated with better employment outcomes.

Behavioral Health Workforce Development in the era of COVID-19: Examples From a State-Funded Intermediary Organization.

Intermediary and purveyor organizations (IPOs) play a key role in disseminating and implementing behavioral health evidence-based practices. The COVID-19 pandemic created a time of crisis and disruption to behavioral health care delivery. Using the conceptual framework of basic, targeted, and intensive technical assistance (TA) from the Training and Technology Transfer Centers, case studies are used to describe how programs at The Center for Practice Innovations a state funded-intermediary organization, adapted its training and technical assistance to be delivered entirely remotely, to include content related to COVID-19 and to provide guidance on telehealth-based behavioral health care.

Recommendations for Integrated Systems and Services for People With Co-occurring Mental Health and Substance Use Conditions.

People with co-occurring mental and substance use disorders experience poor outcomes and incur high costs in multiple domains. Efforts to develop and disseminate evidence-based integrated programs for people with such co-occurring disorders began to wane in the past decade as efforts shifted toward integrating primary health care. Several recent trends underscore the need to refocus efforts on providing integrated care for people with both mental and substance use disorders.

Applying Implementation Drivers to Scale-up Evidence-Based Practices in New York State.

Mental health authorities in several states, often working with academic partners, have played important roles in disseminating evidence-based practices (EBPs) for adults diagnosed with serious mental illness. This work has been facilitated by intermediary organizations that work directly with providers to implement EBPs. This report uses two case studies to describe how the Center for Practice Innovations (CPI), an intermediary organization, has used the Active Implementation Research Network's nine implementation drivers to successfully implement EBPs across the large state of New York.

Self- Evaluation Tool to Support Implementation of Treatment for Tobacco Use Disorder in Behavioral Health Programs.

Tobacco use in people with behavioral health conditions remain two to three times higher than the general population causing premature death and impacting recovery negatively across several domains. Intermediary organizations can provide practical tools, training, and technical assistance to help programs improve capacity to treat tobacco use. This report describes the construction and application of the Tobacco Integration Self-Evaluation Tool (TiSET) for behavioral health programs, a 20-item scale inspired by the DDCMHT and additional content from the Facility Tobacco Policy and Treatment Practices Self-Evaluation tool that one of the study authors (JW) used previously with addiction treatment programs.

Applying Motivational Interviewing Strategies to Enhance Organizational Readiness and Facilitate Implementation Efforts.

Motivational interviewing (MI) is an empirically supported clinical method to help individuals make behavioral changes to achieve a personal goal. Through a set of specific techniques, MI helps individuals mobilize their own intrinsic values and goals to explore and resolve ambivalence about change. This article examines how MI-informed approaches can be applied to help staff adopt new evidence-based practices in organizational settings.

Using Instructional Design, Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate, to Develop e-Learning Modules to Disseminate Supported Employment for Community Behavioral Health Treatment Programs in New York State.

Background: Implementation science lacks a systematic approach to the development of learning strategies for online training in evidence-based practices (EBPs) that takes the context of real-world practice into account. The field of instructional design offers ecologically valid and systematic processes to develop learning strategies for workforce development and performance support.

Objective: This report describes the application of an instructional design framework-Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate (ADDIE) model-in the development and evaluation of e-learning modules as one strategy among a multifaceted approach to the implementation of individual placement and support (IPS), a model of supported employment for community behavioral health treatment programs, in New York State.

Comparative Initial and Sustained Engagement in Web-based Training by Behavioral Healthcare Providers in New York State.

Improved dissemination is critical to implementation of evidence-based practice in community behavioral healthcare settings. Web-based training modalities are a promising strategy for dissemination of evidence-based practice in community behavioral health settings. Initial and sustained engagement of these modalities in large, multidisciplinary community provider samples is not well understood.

Relationship Between Self-Assessed Fidelity and Self-Reported Employment in the Individual Placement and Support Model of Supported Employment.

Objective: A growing body of literature demonstrates that high-fidelity implementation of the individual placement and support (IPS) model of supported employment increases the chances of achieving desired outcomes. This study examined the relationship between IPS fidelity, as self-reported by program sites, and employment outcomes and determined whether this relationship was maintained over time.

Methods: A total of 78 outpatient programs in New York State provided data on self-reported IPS fidelity and employment outcomes.

Is There a Role for Fidelity Self-Assessment in the Individual Placement and Support Model of Supported Employment?

Objective: Fidelity assessments help ensure that evidence-based practices are implemented properly. Although assessments are typically conducted by independent raters, some programs have implemented self-assessments because of resource constraints. Self-assessments were compared with independent assessments of programs implementing individual placement and support supported employment.

Adoption of a Blended Training Curriculum for ACT in New York State.

Scant evidence exists in the literature for best practices in training assertive community treatment (ACT) teams to deliver highly effective services to consumers. This column describes a blended training curriculum, which includes both face-to-face and distance learning strategies, developed by the ACT Training Institute in New York State to meet the ongoing training needs of teams across New York State. Data on training uptake, which has steadily increased over time, are reported.

Using incentives for training participation.

Topic: This column describes how public partners can help incentivize participation in training. Specifically, a state mental health agency and its implementation center applied financial and nonfinancial incentives to encourage participation in training and implementation supports.

Purpose: Although training is not sufficient to change practice, it is a necessary first step in implementing evidence-based treatments.

Longitudinal Course of Clients With Co-occurring Schizophrenia-Spectrum and Substance Use Disorders in Urban Mental Health Centers: A 7-Year Prospective Study.

Objective: A previous longitudinal study in rural New Hampshire showed that community mental health center clients with co-occurring schizophrenia-spectrum and substance use disorders (SZ/SUD) improved steadily and substantially over 10 years. The current study examined 7 years of prospective clinical and functional outcomes among inner-city Connecticut (CT) community mental health center clients with SZ/SUD.

Method: Participants were 150 adults with SZ/SUD, selected for high service needs, in 2 inner-city mental health centers in CT.

Using distance technologies to facilitate a learning collaborative to implement stagewise treatment.

Objective: This report describes experiences and outcomes of an online learning collaborative focused on implementation of stagewise treatment.

Methods: Eleven participating programs convened online monthly for a year. Between meetings, program staff created an implementation plan and programs collected performance indicator data, including assessment of staff knowledge of integrated treatment for people with co-occurring disorders, whether a person's current stage of treatment was documented in his or her chart, and whether the treatments were appropriate for the stage of treatment.

Predictors of incarceration among urban adults with co-occurring severe mental illness and a substance use disorder.

Objective: People with severe mental illness and a co-occurring substance use disorder (co-occurring disorders) who live in urban areas experience high rates of incarceration. This study examined sociodemographic, clinical, economic, and community integration factors as predictors of incarceration among people with co-occurring disorders.

Methods: This secondary analysis used data from a randomized controlled trial of assertive community treatment versus standard case management.

Scaling up evidence-based behavioral health care practices in New York state.

This column describes the Center for Practice Innovations (CPI), which was created in 2007 by the New York State Office of Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry at Columbia University. CPI uses innovative approaches to build stakeholder collaborations, develop and maintain practitioners' expertise, and build agency infrastructures that support implementing and sustaining evidence-based practices. CPI's five core initiatives provide training in co-occurring mental and substance use disorders, assertive community treatment, supported employment and education, wellness self-management, and treatment of first-episode psychosis.

Mental health system funding of cognitive enhancement interventions for schizophrenia: summary and update of the New York Office of Mental Health expert panel and stakeholder meeting.

Topic: A growing research literature indicates that cognitive enhancement (CE) interventions for people with schizophrenia can improve cognitive functioning and may benefit psychosocial functioning (e.g., competitive employment, quality of social relationships).

The feasibility of standardized patient assessments as a best practice in an academic training program.

The use of standardized patient assessments (SPAs) in psychiatry is an emerging best practice. This column describes a survey of resident and faculty supervisors at a large academic department examining current practices, attitudes, and perceived barriers to incorporating SPAs into clinical practice. Although the study found that SPAs were not routinely used in clinical practice or supervision, residents and faculty were fairly optimistic about their potential value.

Effectiveness of switching from long-acting injectable fluphenazine or haloperidol decanoate to long-acting injectable risperidone microspheres: an open-label, randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This multisite randomized trial addressed risks and benefits of staying on long-acting injectable haloperidol or fluphenazine versus switching to long-acting injectable risperidone microspheres.

Method: From December 2004 through March 2008, adult outpatients with a Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders-Patient Edition diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who were taking haloperidol decanoate (n = 40) or fluphenazine decanoate (n = 22) were randomly assigned to stay on current long-acting injectable medication or switch to risperidone microspheres and followed for 6 months under study protocol and an additional 6 months naturalistic follow-up. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to examine the primary outcome (time to treatment discontinuation), and random regression models were used to examine secondary outcomes.

Does assertive community treatment increase medication adherence for people with co-occurring psychotic and substance use disorders?

Objective: This study analyzed data from a randomized trial to examine the impact on medication adherence of integrated treatment delivered via assertive community treatment (ACT) versus standard clinical case management (SCCM).

Method: Data from the original study included 198 study participants with co-occurring psychotic and substance use disorders who were randomly assigned to receive integrated treatment via ACT or SCCM and were followed for 3 years. We applied mixed-effects logistic regression to estimate group (ACT vs.