A quantitative assessment of the predictive utility of grit in sport.

In high-performance sport, an athlete's ability to overcome setbacks and sustain their pursuit of long-term goals is essential for success. Grit (i.e.

Differences in Resilience Mechanisms and Physical Activity among Women Experiencing Chronic Pain with Higher or Lower Resilience.

Background: Chronic pain is a public health issue, with women being disproportionately impacted. Progressing from light physical activity to the recommended moderate to vigorous intensities is effective for chronic pain self-management, yet participation is low among women experiencing chronic pain. Researchers studying resilience approaches to chronic pain contend that women with higher resilience, or functioning well despite adverse life stressors including chronic pain, should have better resilience mechanisms and more physical activity participation.

Differences in adaptive and maladaptive psychosocial responses to chronic pain among adults with varying physical activity levels.

Aim: Chronic pain is a global public health problem that detrimentally impacts people's health and well-being. Physical activity is beneficial and a recommended self-management strategy for adults living with chronic pain. Yet, many of them struggle to meet the public health recommendation of 150+ minutes/week of moderate-vigorous physical activity.

A proof-of-concept study on the impact of a chronic pain and physical activity training workshop for exercise professionals.

Objectives: Physical activity is essential for long-term chronic pain management, yet individuals struggle to participate. Exercise professionals, including fitness instructors, and personal trainers, are preferred delivery agents for education and instruction on chronic pain, physical activity, and strategies to use adherence-promoting behavioral skills. However, exercise professionals receive no relevant training during certification or continuing education opportunities to effectively support their participants living with chronic pain.

Understanding Physiotherapists' Intention to Counsel Clients with Chronic Pain on Exercise: A Focus on Psychosocial Factors.

Twenty percent of Canadians experience chronic pain. Exercise is an effective management strategy, yet participation levels are low. Physiotherapists can be key to counselling clients to engage in long-term unsupervised exercise.

Facing Multiple Barriers to Exercise: Does Stronger Efficacy Help Individuals with Arthritis?

Background: Research about exercise adherence amongst adults with arthritis has been largely correlational, and theoretically based causal studies are needed. We used an experimental design to test the social cognitive theory premise that high self-efficacy helps to overcome challenging barriers to action.

Methods: Exercising individuals (N = 86; female = 78%; M age = 53; BMI = 27) with differential self-regulatory efficacy for managing salient, non-disease barriers were randomly assigned to many or few barrier conditions.

Self-Regulatory Efficacy Encourages Exercise Persistence Despite Arthritis Flare Symptoms.

Background: The study of exercise adherence during an arthritis flare is recommended by arthritis researchers. Studies to date have been correlational.

Methods: Social cognitions of exercising individuals with arthritis who consider exercise adherence under different levels of challenge of an arthritis flare were examined using an experimental design.

Differences in psychosocial responses to pain between sufficiently and insufficiently active adults with arthritis.

Objective: Adults with arthritis struggle to meet the physical activity recommendation for disease self-management. Identifying psychosocial factors that differentiate adults who meet (sufficiently active) or do not meet (insufficiently active) the recommendation is needed. This study sought to examine differences in psychosocial responses to arthritis pain among adults who were sufficiently or insufficiently active.

Perceived success/failure and attributions associated with self-regulatory efficacy to meet physical activity recommendations for women with arthritis.

The relationship between attributional dimensions women assign to the cause of their perceived success or failure at meeting the recommended physical activity dose and self-regulatory efficacy for future physical activity was examined among women with arthritis. Women (N = 117) aged 18-84 years, with self-reported medically-diagnosed arthritis, completed on-line questions in the fall of 2013 assessing endurance physical activity, perceived outcome for meeting the recommended levels of endurance activity, attributions for one's success or failure in meeting the recommendations, and self-regulatory efficacy to schedule/plan endurance activity over the next month. The main theoretically-driven finding revealed that the interaction of the stability dimension with perceived success/failure was significantly related to self-regulatory efficacy for scheduling and planning future physical activity (β = 0.

Predicting planned physical activity of individuals with arthritis: A self-regulatory perspective.

Few individuals with arthritis are sufficiently active. We surveyed a convenience sample of exercisers ( N = 134) to examine the utility of social cognitive theory variables, namely, self-regulatory efficacy, negative outcome expectations, and pain acceptance for predicting planned physical activity according to Weinstein's two prediction suggestions. Logistic regression revealed, after controlling for pain intensity, self-regulatory efficacy, negative outcome expectations, and pain acceptance distinguished groups achieving/not achieving planned physical activity, p < 0.

Prediction of adaptive self-regulatory responses to arthritis pain anxiety in exercising adults: does pain acceptance matter?

Background: Exercising for ≥ 150 min/week is a recommended strategy for self-managing arthritis. However, exercise nonadherence is a problem. Arthritis pain anxiety may interfere with regular exercise.

Examination of self-regulatory efficacy and pain among individuals challenged by arthritis flares.

Purpose/objective: Public health guidelines for physical activity (PA) for individuals with arthritis are 150 min/week. Self-regulatory efficacy to plan and schedule activity (SRE-SP) was greater for individuals meeting guidelines in studies when symptoms were usual. Extreme symptoms of a flare presumably challenge or block PA adherence.

Pain, anxiety, and negative outcome expectations for activity: do negative psychological profiles differ between the inactive and active?

Objective: Adherence to physical activity at ≥150 minutes/week has proven to offer disease management and health-promoting benefits among adults with arthritis. While highly active people seem undaunted by arthritis pain and are differentiated from the moderately active by adherence-related psychological factors, knowledge about inactive individuals is lacking. This knowledge may identify what to change in order to help inactive people begin and maintain physical activity.

Risk factors for falls in older adults with lower extremity arthritis: a conceptual framework of current knowledge and future directions.

Purpose: As the numbers of Canadians aged 65 years and over increases over the next 20 years, the prevalence of chronic conditions, including arthritis, will rise as will the number of falls. Although known fall-risk factors are associated with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA), minimal research has evaluated fall and fracture risk and/or rates in this population. Thus, the purpose was to summarize research on fall and fracture risk in older adults with hip or knee OA and to develop a conceptual framework of fall-risk screening and assessment.

Meeting physical activity recommendations: self-regulatory efficacy characterizes differential adherence during arthritis flares.

Purpose: Using social-cognitive theory, we examined whether adults who experienced an arthritis flare and met/did not meet the disease-specific public health recommended dose for physical activity differed in their self-regulatory efficacy beliefs, overall pain, and flare-related factors.

Research Method/design: Adults with arthritis (N = 56; M(age) = 49.41 ± 11.

Is level of pain acceptance differentially related to social cognitions and behavior? The case of active women with arthritis.

Pain from arthritis is a barrier to physical activity (PA), yet some people still manage to be active. This study examined whether women with greater or weaker arthritis pain acceptance were distinguished by social cognitions (self-regulatory efficacy to overcome barriers; outcome expectations of PA) and whether PA differences existed. Women with arthritis (N = 118) completed two surveys.

General and arthritis-specific barriers to moderate physical activity in women with arthritis.

Background: most women with arthritis are insufficiently active, despite the health benefits derived from participation in moderate physical activity (MPA). Understanding perceived barriers that make it difficult for women with arthritis to be active is needed to inform interventions. Barriers are often assessed through investigator-provided lists, containing mainly general, personal, and situational barriers, common across populations (e.

Physical activity in women with arthritis: examining perceived barriers and self-regulatory efficacy to cope.

Objective: To examine whether the theory-based social cognitions of perceived barrier frequency, barrier limitation, and self-regulatory efficacy to cope were predictors of planned physical activity among adult women with arthritis. A secondary purpose was to identify and provide a phenomenologic description of the relevant barriers and coping strategies reported by study participants.

Methods: Eighty adult women (mean +/- SD age 49.

Perceptions of trained leaders on improving the public health impact of three arthritis foundation programs.

The Arthritis Foundation (AF) offers effective community-based programs to help manage arthritis, including aquatic, exercise, and self-help programs. Trained leaders can facilitate the adoption, maintenance, and reach of these programs and thus the impact on public health. This study identifies reasons for becoming AF aquatic, exercise, and/or self-help program leaders, AF program reach, and adoption and maintenance challenges encountered by individuals after being trained.

Activity and barriers in girls (8-16 yr) based on grade and maturity status.

Unlabelled: Minimal research has examined whether the decline in physical activity (PA) among adolescent girls is associated with chronological age (CA) or biological age (BA).

Purpose: To describe the PA levels and perceived barriers to PA of adolescent girls grouped by school grade and maturity status (i.e.

Partial examination of the public health impact of the People with Arthritis Can Exercise (PACE) program: reach, adoption, and maintenance.

Objective: To partially evaluate the public health impact (i.e., reach, adoption, maintenance) of People with Arthritis Can Exercise (PACE) programs, which were initiated as a result of two PACE instructor-training workshops.

Barriers to moderate physical activity in adult lesbians.

Adult lesbians are not sufficiently physically active to achieve physical and psychological health benefits. Lesbians are one of the least understood minority groups. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to use an ecological framework to identify factors internal to individuals and present in their social environments that may impede participation in regular physical activity.

An ecologically based examination of barriers to physical activity in students from grade seven through first-year university.

Purpose: The first purpose was to identify barriers to physical activity that students in grade seven through first-year university experienced. A second purpose was to classify barriers using an ecological framework and to examine the pattern of barrier categories (i.e.

Coping with barriers to vigorous physical activity during transition to university.

This study examined barriers to vigorous physical activity (VPA) among 132 students transitioning from high school to the first year of a university. An ecological framework was used to classify barriers, and coping self-efficacy (CSE) and task self-efficacy (TSE) were investigated as predictors of VPA. Consistent with population data, 47% of the sample failed to meet national recommendations for VPA.