Safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of an inactivated influenza vaccine in healthy adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial over two influenza seasons.

Background: Seasonal influenza imposes a substantial personal morbidity and societal cost burden. Vaccination is the major strategy for influenza prevention; however, because antigenically drifted influenza A and B viruses circulate annually, influenza vaccines must be updated to provide protection against the predicted prevalent strains for the next influenza season. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy, safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of a trivalent inactivated split virion influenza vaccine (TIV) in healthy adults over two influenza seasons in the US.

A vaccine manufacturer's approach to address medical needs related to seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses.

Vaccination is considered to be one of the most effective tools to decrease morbidity as well as mortality caused by influenza viruses. For the prevention of seasonal influenza, Fluarix and FluLaval have been marketed since 1987 and 1992, respectively. Both vaccines have consistently been shown to meet or exceed the regulatory criteria for immunogenicity against the three strains H1N1, H3N2 and B, have a good safety profile, and are recommended for vaccinating children and adults of all ages.

Preparation and characterization of an immunogenic meningococcal group A conjugate vaccine for use in Africa.

Periodic epidemics of group A meningococcal (Mn A) meningitis continue to occur in sub-Saharan Africa. For its prevention, a Mn A polysaccharide (PS)-tetanus toxoid (TT) conjugate vaccine was developed using reductive amination of polysaccharide aldehydes and toxoid hydrazides. In mouse immunization studies, a schedule of three bi-weekly s.