Incident Benzodiazepine and Z-Drug Use and Subsequent Risk of Serious Infections.

Background And Objectives: Animal studies have suggested a link between benzodiazepine and related Z-drug (BZDR) use and immune dysfunction. Corresponding evidence in humans is limited and focuses mainly on pneumonia. This study aimed to assess the association of incident BZDR use with subsequent development of serious infections.

ADHD Pharmacotherapy and Mortality in Individuals With ADHD.

Importance: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with increased risks of adverse health outcomes including premature death, but it is unclear whether ADHD pharmacotherapy influences the mortality risk.

Objective: To investigate whether initiation of ADHD pharmacotherapy was associated with reduced mortality risk in individuals with ADHD.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In an observational nationwide cohort study in Sweden applying the target trial emulation framework, we identified individuals aged 6 through 64 years with an incident diagnosis of ADHD from 2007 through 2018 and no ADHD medication dispensation prior to diagnosis.

Comparative Safety of Antidepressants in Adults with CKD.

Background: Depression is prevalent in patients with CKD and is related to poor prognosis. Despite the widespread use of antidepressants in the CKD population, their safety remains unclear.

Methods: We identified adults with CKD stages G3-5 (eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.

Association between incident depression and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Depression is highly prevalent and related to increased morbidity and mortality in patients on dialysis, but less is known among patients with earlier stages of CKD. This study investigated the associations between depression and clinical outcomes in patients with CKD not receiving dialysis.

Methods: We identified 157 398 adults with CKD stages 3-5 not previously diagnosed with depression from the Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements (SCREAM) project.

Kidney function and prescribed dose in middle-aged and older patients starting selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

Purpose: To avoid adverse drug reactions, dose reductions are recommended when prescribing selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to patients with impaired kidney function. The extent of this practice in routine clinical care is however unknown. We aimed to evaluate the starting and maintenance SSRI doses prescribed to patients stratified by levels of kidney function in real-world practice.

Adherence to a healthy lifestyle and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Chinese adults: a 10-year prospective study of 0.5 million people.

Background: Adherence to a healthy lifestyle is associated with substantially lower risks of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer in white populations. However, little is known about the health benefits among non-white populations. Also, no previous studies have focused on respiratory disease mortality in both white and non-white populations.

Habitual Tea Consumption and Risk of Fracture in 0.5 Million Chinese Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Tea consumption may have favorable effects on risk of fracture. However, little is known about such association in Chinese adults. The aim of this study was to examine the association between tea consumption and risk of hospitalized fracture in Chinese adults.