Potential effect of topical antibiotics administration in the oral cavity on the reduced number of bacteria entering the lower respiratory tract after oral cancer surgery.

Background/purpose: One of the causes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is aspiration of oropharyngeal fluid containing pathogenic microorganisms into the lower respiratory tract. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether antibiotic ointment applied to the oral cavity can reduce the number of bacteria in the fluid on the cuff of a tracheal cannula.

Materials And Methods: Tetracycline ointment was applied intraorally once to a patient under endotracheal intubation by postoperative tracheostomy for oral cancer.

Potential role of circulating tumor cells and cell-free DNA as biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A prospective single-center study.

Metastasis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma has been associated with a poor prognosis. However, sensitive and reliable tests for monitoring their occurrence are unavailable, with the exception of PET-CT. Circulating tumor cells and cell-free DNA have emerged as promising biomarkers for determining treatment efficacy and as prognostic predictors in solid tumors such as breast cancer and colorectal cancer.

Effect of Oral Application of Povidone-Iodine on the Amount of Viable Bacteria Entering the Lower Respiratory Tract in Intubated Patients With Oral Cancer: A Preliminary Study.

One of the causes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the aspiration of fluid-containing pathogenic bacteria into the lower respiratory tract. The purpose of this study was to determine whether oral povidone-iodine (PV-I) application reduces bacterial counts in the fluid on the cuff of an endotracheal intubation tube. Patients intubated and managed with tracheostomy for oral cancer surgery were divided into two groups.

Clinical significance and biological role of claudin-1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Objectives: Claudin (CLD), a major component of tight junctions, is a four-transmembrane protein, and 24 subtypes have been reported in humans. CLD expression is highly tissue-specific; CLD1 has been reported to be expressed in the skin and mucosa. There have been few reports on CLD1 expression and its function in oral cancer.

Analysis of Oral and Gut Microbiome Composition and Its Impact in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The impact of gut and oral microbiota on the clinical outcomes of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is unknown. We compared the bacterial composition of dental plaque and feces between patients with OSCC and healthy controls (HCs). Fecal and dental plaque samples were collected from 7 HCs and 18 patients with OSCC before treatment initiation.

Extranodal extension in oral squamous cell carcinoma: clinical and histopathological analysis.

Objective: Extranodal extension (ENE) is an important prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of stratifying minor or major ENE in OSCC.

Study Design: This retrospective cohort study included 75 patients who had undergone neck dissection for OSCC and were classified as pN+.

A Study of the Prognostic Factors for Late Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis and Distant Metastasis in Patients with cT1-2N0 Tongue Cancer.

Early-stage tongue cancer has a good prognosis in general; however, high-risk patients with late cervical lymph node and distant metastases have a poor prognosis. Elective neck dissection and postoperative chemoradiotherapy are considered for these patients, although no clear criteria have been identified for their evaluation. : This retrospective observational study aimed to determine the predictive factors for late cervical lymph node and distant metastases in 102 patients with cT1-2N0 tongue cancer.

Skin Symptoms That Appeared after Fixation with a Titanium Plate in a Jaw Deformity Patient Suffering from Palmoplantar Pustulosis: A Case Report.

Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is a stubborn skin disease involving repeated aseptic small pustules on the palms and soles of the feet, which is triggered and exacerbated by metals and dental focal infections. There are few reports of an exacerbation of PPP symptoms after orthognathic surgery. The patient is a 40-year-old female who consulted an orthodontist at our hospital, complaining of a protruding maxilla and malocclusion.

In situ Observation of Evolving H and Solid Electrolyte Interphase Development at Potassium Insertion Materials within Highly Concentrated Aqueous Electrolytes.

The solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) is key to stable, high voltage lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as a protective barrier that prevents electrolyte decomposition. The SEI is thought to play a similar role in highly concentrated water-in-salt electrolytes (WISEs) for emerging aqueous batteries, but its properties remain unknown. In this work, we utilized advanced scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and operando electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS) techniques to gain deeper insight into the SEI that occurs within highly concentrated WISEs.

Tumor-Infiltrating CD45RO Memory Cells Are Associated with Favorable Prognosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients.

Background: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been used to predict the prognosis of solid tumors. In this study, we investigated which molecules in TILs play a role in the prognosis of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: In a retrospective case-control study, we immunohistochemically evaluated the expression of CD3, CD8, CD45RO, Granzyme B, and the major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related molecule A (MICA) of the histocompatibility complex as predictors of prognosis in 33 patients with OSCC.

Prognostication of early-onset endometrioid endometrial cancer based on genome-wide DNA methylation profiles.

Objective: The aim of this study was to establish criteria that would indicate whether fertility preservation therapy would likely be safe for patients aged 40 years or less with endometrioid endometrial cancer based on their DNA methylation profile.

Methods: Forty-nine fresh-frozen tissue samples from patients with endometrial cancer from an initial cohort and 31 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from a second cohort were subjected to genome-wide DNA methylation analysis using the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip.

Results: Epigenomic clustering of early-onset endometrial cancer was correlated with the widely used recurrence risk classification.

Evaluation of Oral Mucosal Lesions Using the IllumiScan Fluorescence Visualisation Device: Distinguishing Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

We evaluated whether fluorescence intensity (FI) and its coefficient of variation (CV) can be used to diagnose squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) through IllumiScan®, an oral mucosa fluorescence visualisation (FV) device. Overall, 190 patients with oral mucosal lesions (OMLs; SCC, 59; non-SCC OMLs, 131) and 49 patients with normal oral mucosa (NOM) were enrolled between January 2019 and March 2021. The FI of the images was analysed using image analysis software.

A new l-arginine oxidase engineered from l-glutamate oxidase.

The alternation of substrate specificity expands the application range of enzymes in industrial, medical, and pharmaceutical fields. l-Glutamate oxidase (LGOX) from Streptomyces sp. X-119-6 catalyzes the oxidative deamination of l-glutamate to produce 2-ketoglutarate with ammonia and hydrogen peroxide.

MICA A5.1 homozygous genotype is associated with a risk for early-onset oral cancer.

Objectives: Genetic predisposition is reportedly involved in early-onset oral cancer, although the genetic basis of this cancer remains unclear. The major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (MICA) plays a crucial role in eliminating malignant tumors by activating NKG2D, the natural killer (NK) receptor. MICA polymorphism might affect its binding to NKG2D.

Clinicopathological impacts of DNA methylation alterations on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: prediction of early recurrence based on genome-wide DNA methylation profiling.

Purpose: The present study was conducted to clarify the clinicopathological impacts of DNA methylation alterations on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods: Genome-wide DNA methylation screening was performed using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip, and DNA methylation quantification was verified using pyrosequencing. We analyzed fresh-frozen tissues from an initial cohort (17 samples of normal control pancreatic tissue [C] from 17 patients without PDAC, and 34 samples of non-cancerous pancreatic tissue [N] and 82 samples of cancerous tissue [T] both obtained from 82 PDAC patients) and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded T samples from 34 patients in a validation cohort.

Structural basis of enzyme activity regulation by the propeptide of l-lysine α-oxidase precursor from .

Harmuful proteins are usually synthesized as inactive precursors and are activated by proteolytic processing. l-Amino acid oxidase (LAAO) is a flavoenzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of l-amino acid to produce a 2-oxo acid with ammonia and highly toxic hydrogen peroxide and, therefore, is expressed as a precursor. The LAAO precursor shows significant variation in size and the cleavage pattern for activation.

Aberrant DNA methylation results in altered gene expression in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinomas.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate DNA methylation alterations in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs).

Methods: Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was performed using the Infinium Human Methylation 450 K BeadChip, and levels of mRNA expression were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR.

Results: Compared to 36 samples of normal control liver tissue (C), DNA methylation alterations were observed on 19,281 probes in 22 samples of cancerous tissue (T) obtained from patients showing histological features compatible with NASH in their non-cancerous liver tissue (N).

Genome-wide DNA methylation profile of early-onset endometrial cancer: its correlation with genetic aberrations and comparison with late-onset endometrial cancer.

The present study was performed to clarify the significance of DNA methylation alterations during endometrial carcinogenesis. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis and targeted sequencing of tumor-related genes were performed using the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip and the Ion AmpliSeq Cancer Hotspot Panel v2, respectively, for 31 samples of normal control endometrial tissue from patients without endometrial cancer and 81 samples of endometrial cancer tissue. Principal component analysis revealed that tumor samples had a DNA methylation profile distinct from that of control samples.

Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis during non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-related multistage hepatocarcinogenesis: comparison with hepatitis virus-related carcinogenesis.

The aim of this study was to clarify the significance of DNA methylation alterations during non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related hepatocarcinogenesis. Single-CpG-resolution genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was performed on 264 liver tissue samples using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. After Bonferroni correction, 3331 probes showed significant DNA methylation alterations in 113 samples of non-cancerous liver tissue showing NASH (NASH-N) as compared with 55 samples of normal liver tissue (NLT).

Genes involved in development and differentiation are commonly methylated in cancers derived from multiple organs: a single-institutional methylome analysis using 1007 tissue specimens.

The aim of this study was to clarify the significance of DNA methylation alterations shared by cancers derived from multiple organs. We analyzed single-institutional methylome data by single-CpG-resolution Infinium assay for 1007 samples of non-cancerous tissue (N) and corresponding cancerous tissue (T) obtained from lung, stomach, kidney, breast and liver. Principal component analysis revealed that N samples of each organ showed distinct DNA methylation profiles, DNA methylation profiles of N samples of each organ being inherited by the corresponding T samples and DNA methylation profiles of T samples being more similar to those of N samples in the same organ than those of T samples in other organs.

An ultra performance liquid chromatographic method for determining phytosterol uptake by Caco-2 cells.

A simple method for the determination of cellular uptake of phytosterols by Caco-2 cells has been developed by ultra performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (UPLC-UV). UPLC-UV was established using an ODS column, acetonitrile/H(2)O (9:1, v/v) as a mobile phase, and a detection wavelength at 210 nm. As analytes, β-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, and brassicasterol were selected based on the abundance in foods and the similarity of their structures.

[Cost-effectiveness analysis of chemotherapy with GEM or S-1 for patients with non-resectable pancreatic cancer].

Objective: To assess the cost-effectiveness of chemotherapy for patients with non-resectable pancreatic cancer, we compared two regimens containing either gemcitabine (GEM) or S-1.

Methods: We developed a decision tree that showed the clinical processes of non-resectable pancreatic cancer patients. We calculated the probabilities of endpoint and life months gained (LMG) based on previously reported articles.

Susceptibility of plasma lipids to peroxidation.

Lipid peroxidation is an old and yet novel subject. It induces membrane disturbance and damage and its products are known to induce the generation of various cytokines and cell signaling. In the present work, the susceptibility and specificity of human plasma lipids to oxidation were studied, aiming specifically at elucidating the effects of oxidation milieu and oxidants.