Sexual and reproductive health outcomes for forcibly displaced persons living in urban environments in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this review is to characterize the state of literature regarding forcibly displaced persons' sexual and reproductive health in urban areas in low- and middle-income countries. Specific objectives include describing the sexual and reproductive health outcomes among forcibly displaced persons relocating in urban environments.

Introduction: As a result of persecution, conflict, violence, human rights violations, and disruptive events, 89.

Relationship between peripheral refraction, axial lengths and parental myopia of young adult myopes.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between peripheral refraction at the horizontal retina, axial length and parental history of myopia between myopic adults who have positive parental myopia and those with negative parental myopia.

Methods: 69 males and 44 females in the age range of 18-25 years were assigned either a negative parental myopia (NPM) or positive parental myopia (PPM) group. In the corrected and uncorrected states, peripheral refractive error was measured up to 30° horizontally in 10° steps using an open field autorefractor.

Assessment of Ocular Surface Disease in Glaucoma Patients in Ghana.

Precis: Dry eye disease (DED) observed in this study is associated with ocular surface abnormalities as shown by specific dry eye tests. Changes in tear quality may be responsible for dry eye symptoms among the participants.

Purpose: This study sought to evaluate DED in glaucoma patients in Ghana.

Career aspirations and factors influencing career choices of optometry students in Ghana.

Optometry students in clinical years are usually faced with the challenges of making a career choice in or outside optometry. This cross sectional study was conducted to investigate the career aspirations of optometry students in Ghana. All students in their fourth to sixth year who consented to participate in the study responded to a questionnaire which explored: demographic characteristics, career aspirations, and factors influencing their choices.

Contact lens complications among wearers in Ghana.

Purpose: Contact lens (CL) practice is relatively new in Ghana; a country where the geographical location (warm climate) lends itself to harsh environmental conditions (high humidity) known to influence CL wear. Recent studies suggest an increase in CL wear (corrective and cosmetic), yet, there are no studies about CL-related complications. This study sought to determine the complications associated with CL wear in Ghana.

Comparison of the clinical estimation of cup-to-disk ratio by direct ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomography.

Objective: To compare the clinical estimation of cup-to-disk ratio determined by direct ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomography in glaucoma diagnosis and monitoring.

Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study involving a review of 71 optical coherence tomography scans dating from June 2011 to January 2012 at a private imaging lab in Ghana. At the respective referring facilities, only 31 out of the 71 corresponding patient records were successfully reviewed.

Assessment of corneal astigmatism following frown and straight incision forms in sutureless manual small incision cataract surgery.

To investigate which of two tunnel incision forms (frown versus straight) in sutureless manual small incision cataract surgery creates more corneal astigmatism. Sixty eyes of 60 patients who had consented to undergo cataract surgery and to partake in this study were followed from baseline through >12-week postoperative period. Values of preoperative and postoperative corneal astigmatism for the 60 eyes, measured with a Bausch and Lomb keratometer, were extracted from the patients' cataract surgery records.

Relationship between Reduced Accommodative Lag and Myopia Progression.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between accommodative lag and rate of myopia progression when Ghanaian myopic school children are either undercorrected or fully corrected with single vision lenses.

Methods: A 2-year single masked randomized control trial was conducted using 150 Ghanaian myopic children aged 10 to 15 years with mean baseline myopia of -1.98 ± 0.

Refractive error and visual impairment in private school children in Ghana.

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of refractive error and visual impairment in private school children in Ghana.

Methods: A random selection of geographically defined classes in clusters was used to identify a sample of school children aged 12 to 15 years in the Ashanti Region. Children in 60 clusters were enumerated and examined in classrooms.