Recombinant lentivirus with enhanced expression of caudal-related homeobox protein 2 inhibits human colorectal cancer cell proliferation in vitro.

Caudal-related homeobox protein 2 (CDX2), a tumor suppressor in the adult colon, is overexpressed under a non-cancer specific cytomegalovirus promoter in certain tumor cells; furthermore, non-specific expression of CDX2 may result in aberrant side effects in normal cells. The human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter is active in the majority of cancer cells but not in normal cells. Hypoxia is a key feature of solid tumors, and targeted genes may be significantly upregulated by five copies of hypoxia-response elements (HREs) under hypoxic conditions.

Laparoscopic versus open surgery for rectal cancer: Results of a systematic review and meta-analysis on clinical efficacy.

Colorectal cancer is one of the main malignant tumors threatening human health. Surgery plays a pivotal role in treating colorectal cancer. The present study aimed to compare the clinical effect in patients with rectal cancer undergoing laparoscopic versus open surgery by meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the past 20 years.

Preserve common limb in duodenal-jejunal bypass surgery benefits rats with type 2-like diabetes.

Background: In order to understand the underlying mechanisms by which weight loss surgeries improve metabolic profiles in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and to evaluate the relevance of the length of the common limb in modulating various aspects of metabolism, we performed regular duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) and long-limb DJB (LL-DJB) surgeries in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats and compared their effects on glycemic control.

Methods: Male GK rats at 12 weeks of age were used for this study. Body weight, food intake, fasting glucose, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) level, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, cholesterol and triglycerides levels, and fecal energy content were monitored for 26 weeks after the two types of surgeries.

Induction of p53 expression and apoptosis by a recombinant dual-target MDM2/MDMX inhibitory protein in wild-type p53 breast cancer cells.

The tumor suppressor gene p53 is often inactivated in breast cancer cells due to gene mutation or overexpression of its repressors (such as murine double minute 2 and murine double minute X). Inhibitors of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and murine double minute X (MDMX) could lead to tumor suppression by restoration of p53 activity and such an approach is a promising strategy for future control of breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of the recombinant MDM2 and MDMX inhibitory protein in control of breast cancer in vitro.

Helicobacter pylori promotes invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells through activation of AP-1 and up-regulation of CACUL1.

Infection with Helicobacter pylori is important in the development and progression of gastric cancer. However, the mechanisms that regulate this activation in gastric tumors remain elusive. CACUL1 has been cloned and identified as a novel gene that is expressed in many types of cancer and is involved in cell cycle regulation and tumor growth.

The deoxycholic acid targets miRNA-dependent CAC1 gene expression in multidrug resistance of human colorectal cancer.

There is evidence indicating that bile acid is a promoter of colorectal cancer. Deoxycholic acid modifies apoptosis and proliferation by affecting intracellular signaling and gene expression. We are interested in revealing the relationship between deregulated miRNAs and deoxycholic acid in colorectal cancer development.

Pleiotrophin is a potential colorectal cancer prognostic factor that promotes VEGF expression and induces angiogenesis in colorectal cancer.

Purpose: Pleiotrophin (PTN) is an important developmental secretory cytokine expressed in many types of cancer and involved in angiogenesis and tumor growth; however, the significance of PTN expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been established.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry, western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect PTN expression in CRC patients. The relationship between PTN expression and clinicopathological characteristics and survival time was statistically analyzed, and the relationship between PTN and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tumor angiogenesis was further analyzed.