HKA angle exceeding 5 degrees is strongly associated with lateral patellar translation beyond 2 mm: surgical recommendations for avoiding adverse effects on the patellofemoral joint after OWHTO.

Purpose: Previous studies reported that anterior knee pain (AKP) occurs with an incidence of 32% after opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO). However, the biomechanical effects of this procedure on patellofemoral joints (PFJs) remain unclear. We aimed to quantify the changes in the kinematics and cartilage conditions of the PFJ during stair climbing before and after OWHTO.

Comparative study of microvascular structural changes in the gestational diabetic placenta.

Aims: Microvascular morphology and pathological changes in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) placentas and normal placentas were observed via vascular casting technology, electron microscopy, and pathological detection technology. Vascular structure and histological morphology changes in GDM placentas were examined to generate basic experimental data for the diagnosis and prognostic determination of GDM.

Methods: This case-control study involving 60 placentas, 30 from healthy controls and 30 from patients with GDM.

Free-Breathing Phase-Resolved Oxygen-Enhanced Pulmonary MRI Based on 3D Stack-of-Stars UTE Sequence.

Compared with hyperpolarized noble gas MRI, oxygen-enhanced lung imaging is a cost-effective approach to investigate lung function. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of free-breathing phase-resolved oxygen-enhanced pulmonary MRI based on a 3D stack-of-stars ultra-short echo time (UTE) sequence. We conducted both computer simulation and in vivo experiments and calculated percent signal enhancement maps of four different respiratory phases on four healthy volunteers from the end of expiration to the end of inspiration.

Regional Injection of CAR-T Cells for the Treatment of Refractory and Recurrent Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report.

Background: Lymphoma is a common hematological malignancy with many subtypes and considerable heterogeneity. Traditional treatments include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Patients with relapsed, refractory or advanced stage lymphoma have a dismal prognosis.

The Chinese medicinal herb decoction QRZSLXF enhances anti-inflammatory effect in TNBS-induced colitis via balancing Th17/Tregs differentiation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory illnesses of the gastrointestinal tract due to the imbalance of immune homeostasis of T helper cells and/or regulatory T cells (Tregs). The Traditional Chinese medicine herb has been clinically proven for use in the treatment of IBD but its possible mechanism remains unknown. The study aims to assess the effect of Chinese medicinal herb decoction QRZSLXF (Qing Re Zao Shi Liang Xue receipt) for the treatment of TNBS-induced experimental colitis in mice and explore its relevant mechanism involved in Th17 and Tregs.

BMSC-EVs regulate Th17 cell differentiation in UC via H3K27me3.

In our previous studies, we found that extracellular vesicles in mesenchymal stem cells can alleviate ulcerative colitis. In view of the fact that extracellular vesicles have the same immunomodulatory effects as their maternal cells and considering the important role of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis, we aimed to investigate whether extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells can affect the differentiation of Th17 cells in ulcerative colitis. Histone H3K27me3 can regulate the expression of Th17 cell-related genes.

Uncovering the Anticancer Mechanism of Compound Sophorae Decoction against Ulcerative Colitis-Related Colorectal Cancer in Mice.

Compound sophorae decoction (CSD), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been voluminously used in China to deal with ulcerative colitis and gained significant therapeutic effect. Tremendous explorations have unraveled a contributory role of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) like ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) at the onset of colorectal cancer, scilicet, and colitis-related cancer (CRC). In light of the anti-inflammatory properties of CSD in UC, we appraised its chemoprevention capacity and underlying mechanism in ulcerative colitis-related colorectal cancer (UCRCC), employing a model of azoxymethane (AOM) plus dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced colorectal cancer (CRC) in C57BL/6 mice.

Autotaxin-Lysophosphatidic Acid Axis Blockade Improves Inflammation by Regulating Th17 Cell Differentiation in DSS-Induced Chronic Colitis Mice.

Autotaxin-lysophosphatidic acid (ATX-LPA) axis is closely associated with several inflammation-related diseases. In the colonic mucosa of patients with chronic ulcerative colitis (UC), the expression of ATX and the percentage of Th17 cells are found to increase. However, it is unclear whether ATX-LPA axis affects the differentiation of Th17 cells in chronic UC.

Efficacy of Autologous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell Transplantation Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Studies of the effects of stem cell therapy on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have not reached consistent results. Our meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells (ABM-MNCs) on T2DM.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for studies published between 1980 and May 2018.

Extracellular vesicles containing miR-146a attenuate experimental colitis by targeting TRAF6 and IRAK1.

Accumulating evidence indicates that microRNA-146a (miR-146a), a well-known anti-inflammatory miRNA, acts as a negative feedback regulator of the innate immune response, but its role in modulation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear and the issue related to the stability of exogenous miR-146a in blood is up in the air. In this study, extracellular vesicles (EVs) from cultured medium of bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transfected with recombinant lentiviruses can serve as a stable delivery system and overexpress miR-146a, which significantly inhibited TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) expression in TNBS-induced colitis of rats. Moreover, the increased phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p65 and IκBα were down-regulated by the administration of EVs containing miR-146a.

Effect of compound sophorae decoction on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice by regulating Th17/Treg cell balance.

Objective: Compound sophorae decoction, a Chinese medicinal formulae composed of six Chinese herbs, is effective for the clinical treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Some of its effective monomers had been proven to have suppressive effect on UC models. The aim of this study is to further explore the mechanism whether compound sophorae decoction ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mice colitis by regulating the balance between T helper (Th) 17 and regulatory T (Treg) cells.

MiR-155 inhibition ameliorates 2, 4, 6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced experimental colitis in rat via influencing the differentiation of Th17 cells by Jarid2.

Th17 cells play an important role in the immune imbalance and inflammatory state in colonic mucosa of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and to clarify the mechanism that affect the differentiation of Th17 cells will help us find a new target for the treatment of IBD. MiR-155 which is reported to have an important role in regulating immune system function is also detected to be significantly up-regulated in colonic tissues of IBD patients. However, whether and how miR-155 affects the differentiation of Th17 cells in the colon of IBD patients is still worth studying.

Over-expressed miRNA-200b ameliorates ulcerative colitis-related colorectal cancer in mice through orchestrating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and inflammatory responses by channel of AKT2.

Our study was to explore the potential role of miRNA-200b in modulating tumorigenesis in the model of ulcerative colitis-related colorectal cancer (UCRCC) and, further, to decipher the underlying mechanisms associated with this effect. In this study, we examined a greater number of polyps or adenomas, a higher grade of epithelial dysplasia accompanied with a decrease in survival ratio in azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model mice compared to mice treated with over-expressed miRNA-200b. Surprisingly, enforced miRNA-200b expression significantly suppressed AOM/DSS-induced up-regulation of oncologic markers including β-catenin and CD133.

Association between interleukin 37 (rs3811047) polymorphism and multiple autoimmune diseases in a Chinese population: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis.

Objective: Emerging evidence suggests that interleukin 37 (IL-37) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases (ADs), but the correlations are still unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis to explore whether IL-37 gene (rs3811047) polymorphism was associated with susceptibility to multiple ADs in a Chinese population.

Methods: Relevant studies were searched in the PubMed, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chinese Wangfang databases up to August 31, 2017.

Dual expression of CXCR4 and IL-35 enhances the therapeutic effects of BMSCs on TNBS-induced colitis in rats through expansion of Tregs and suppression of Th17 cells.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) hold great promise for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease owing to their immunosuppressive property and tissue healing potential. The balance between regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper (Th)17 cells plays a crucial role in BMSC-mediated immunosuppression. Interleukin (IL)-35 is a newly identified anti-inflammatory cytokine required for the expansion of Tregs and suppression of Th17 cell differentiation.

Oxymatrine protects against DSS-induced colitis via inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Oxymatrine (OMT), an alkaloid derived from the root of the Sophora flavescens, has been reported to possess a significant effect on relieving UC owing to its anti-inflammatory property. But the other therapeutic mechanism of OMT remains unclear. Recent studies have found, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of UC by pro-inflammatory effects and activating T cells.

MiR-155 contributes to Th17 cells differentiation in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice via Jarid2.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in regulating immune system function by mRNA destabilisation or inhibition of translation. Recently, miR-155 was detected to be significantly up-regulated in colonic tissues of patients with active UC. However, it is unknown whether miR-155 is involved in the pathogenesis of UC and how it influences immune response in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice.

The role of STAT3 and AhR in the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th17 and Treg cells.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and STAT3 gene during the differentiation of cluster of differentiation (CD)4 T cells into T helper (Th)17 and T regulatory (Treg) cells.

Methods: First, CD4 T cells were isolated from the spleen of BALB/c mice. Then, stable CD4 T cells expressing STAT3 shRNA were constructed.

[Expression of microRNA-223 in lymphocytic leukemia cells and its action mechanism].

This study was aimed to investigate the expression level and mechanism of microRNA-223 and LMO2 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells and the mechanism. MicroRNA-223 mimics was transfected to increase the expression of MicroRNA-223 in the lymphocytes sorted by ficoll separation from the bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) of ALL and CLL patients. MicroRNA-223 inhibitor was transfected to decrease the expression of the MicroRNA-223 in the lymphocytes of normal controls.