The Association Between High Birth Weight and Long-Term Outcomes-Implications for Assisted Reproductive Technologies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Studies have shown that the prevalence of children born with high birth weight or large for gestational age (LGA) is increasing. This is true for spontaneous pregnancies; however, children born after frozen embryo transfer (FET) as part of assisted reproductive technology (ART) also have an elevated risk. In recent years, the practice of FET has increased rapidly and while the perinatal and obstetric risks are well-studied, less is known about the long-term health consequences.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between ICSI and chromosome abnormalities.

Background: In the decade following the introduction of ICSI, a higher prevalence of de novo chromosome abnormalities, in particular sex chromosome and autosomal structural abnormalities, as well as inherited abnormalities was described in children conceived by ICSI compared to both naturally conceived (NC) children and children conceived by standard IVF. The explanation for the observed increase in prevalence is not clear and has been suggested to reflect parental factors (e.g.

The health of children conceived by ART: 'the chicken or the egg?'.

Worldwide, more than 7 million children have now been born after ART: these delivery rates are steadily rising and now comprise 2-6% of births in the European countries. To achieve higher pregnancy rates, the transfer of two or more embryos was previously the gold standard in ART. However, recently the practise has moved towards a single embryo transfer policy to avoid multiple births.

Fertility after cryopreservation of ovarian tissue due to cancer treatment.

Bakgrunn: Kryopreservering av ovarialvev som fertilitetsbevarende metode tilbys prepubertale jenter og kvinner i reproduktiv alder med høy risiko for å utvikle prematur ovarialsvikt i forbindelse med medisinsk eller kirurgisk behandling. I denne studien ønsket vi å kartlegge fertilitet og prematur ovarialsvikt hos kvinner som har fått gjort kryopreservering av ovarialvev i forbindelse med kreftbehandling.

Materiale Og Metode: Et spørreskjema ble i 2014 sendt til 94 kvinner over 18 år som i perioden 2004-12 hadde fått kryopreservert ovarialvev i forbindelse med behandling for en malign tilstand.

The effect of paternal factors on perinatal and paediatric outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Maternal factors, including increasing childbearing age and various life-style factors, are associated with poorer short- and long-term outcomes for children, whereas knowledge of paternal parameters is limited. Recently, increasing paternal age has been associated with adverse obstetric outcomes, birth defects, autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia in children.

Objective And Rationale: The aim of this systematic review is to describe the influence of paternal factors on adverse short- and long-term child outcomes.

Literature review on cancer risk in children born after fertility treatment suggests increased risk of haematological cancers.

Unlabelled: Medically assisted fertility treatment, including assisted reproductive technology (ART), is increasingly being used and the subsequent child health outcomes are of interest. Some studies have suggested an elevated risk of somatic morbidity, while others have reported an elevated cancer risk. This review summarises the literature on fertility treatments and childhood cancer, based on 23 cohort and case-control studies.

Cancer Risk in Women Treated with Fertility Drugs According to Parity Status-A Registry-based Cohort Study.

Long-term safety of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) is of interest as their use is increasing. Cancer risk is known to be affected by parity. This study examined the risk of cancer after fertility treatment, stratified by women's parity.

Risk of Cancer in Children Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technology.

Background And Objective: An increasing number of children are born after assisted reproductive technology (ART), and monitoring their long-term health effects is of interest. This study compares cancer risk in children conceived by ART to that in children conceived without.

Methods: The Medical Birth Registry of Norway contains individual information on all children born in Norway (including information of ART conceptions).

Pregnancy outcome according to male diagnosis after ICSI with non-ejaculated sperm compared with ejaculated sperm controls.

The aim of this study was to describe pregnancy outcome in couples who had undergone ICSI using non-ejaculated sperm from men with non-obstructive azoospermia, obstructive azoospermia and aspermia compared with the outcome of ICSI with ejaculated sperm from men with severe oligozoospermia, treated during the same time period. This nationwide cohort study included all children born after ICSI with non-ejaculated sperm in Norway, from when the method was first permitted in Norway in April 2004 to the end of 2010, resulting in 420 pregnancies and a total of 359 children. In 235 of these children, the father was diagnosed with obstructive azoospermia, in 72 with non-obstructive azoospermia, in 31 with aspermia, and in 21 the male cause was unclassifiable.

Risk of breast cancer following fertility treatment--a registry based cohort study of parous women in Norway.

Despite increasing numbers of women availing themselves of assisted reproductive technology (ART), effects on cancer risk remain unresolved. Given hormonal exposures, breast cancer risk is of particular concern. The aim of this study is to investigate breast cancer risk amongst women giving birth following ART as compared to that amongst women who gave birth without ART.

Infertility treatment and the risk of cancer.

Background: A possible correlation between hormonal stimulation during treatment of infertility and the risk of cancer of the breast, the ovaries, the cervix or the uterus has been investigated in a number of epidemiological studies. The purpose of this article is to review the relevant literature and summarise the findings. KNOWLEDGE BASE: This review article is based on literature searches in the databases MEDLINE, Cochrane and EMBASE.

Spermatogenesis and fertility outcome in male hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism.

Objective: The objective of this retrospective study of male patients with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (HH) was to assess the outcome of fertility after induction of spermatogenesis by gonadotrophin injections.

Methods: During 1995-2005 17 men with HH were referred to our department for gonadotrophin treatment to stimulate spermatogenesis.

Results: Genetic/idiopathic hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (IHH) was the most common cause (n = 10) followed by post-operative pituitary failure in three cases.

[Induction of spermatogenesis in hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism].

Background: Reduced or missing sperm production is the main reason for infertility in a third of the couples who seek treatment. An uncommon cause of testicular failure is hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. This review article discusses causes of this condition in men, medical treatment and prognosis with regard to fertility.

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in unexplained and stage I endometriosis-associated infertility after fertilization failure with in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Purpose: To investigate possible differences between unexplained and stage I endometriosis-associated infertility in ICSI cycles conducted after low fertilization (<20%) in preceding IVF cycles with normal semen parameters.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study consisting of patients with unexplained (n=48) and stage I endometriosis-associated infertility (n=43) with a minimum of one IVF cycle with <20% fertilized oocytes and normal semen quality, treated with ICSI from January 1997 to January 2006. Age matched male factor infertility patients (n=91) were used as controls.

Pregnancy outcome after IVF and ICSI in unexplained, endometriosis-associated and tubal factor infertility.

Background: This study was undertaken in order to compare pregnancy outcome after IVF and ICSI in unexplained and endometriosis-associated infertility using tubal factor infertility as controls.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of early IVF/ICSI pregnancies verified by serum hCG measurement, comparing the subsequent outcome in unexplained (n = 274) and minimal endometriosis-associated (n = 212) with tubal factor (n = 540) infertility as controls. From January 1990 to December 2002, 1026 conception cycles after treatment with IVF or ICSI complied with the inclusion criteria.

[Congenital malformations in children born after assisted fertilization in Norway].

The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence at birth of birth defects in children born after intracytoplasmatic sperm injection (ICSI) and children born after traditional in vitro fertilisation (IVF). Altogether 553 children were born after ICSI treatment in Norway during the period 1996-1998 (351 singletons, 95 twins-pairs and 4 triplets) while 1731 were born after IVF treatment (1004 singletons, 344 sets of twins and 13 triplets). Birth defects were registered in 5.