Antitubercular Activity of 7-Methyljuglone-Loaded Poly-(Lactide Co-Glycolide) Nanoparticles.

Background/objectives: Loading of natural products into poly-(lactide-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles as drug delivery systems for the treatment of diseases, such as tuberculosis (TB), has been widely explored. The current study investigated the use of PLGA nanoparticles with 7-methyljuglone (7-MJ), an active pure compound, isolated from the roots of A. DC.

The effect of a poly-herbal plant extract on the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to tooth enamel.

Background: Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or cavity formation, is one of the world's most widespread dental conditions. It is a plaque-related infection caused mainly by Streptococcus mutans. People have relied on several plant species to treat oral infections; Heteropyxis natalensis, for example, has been used to treat toothache and gum infections.

Evaluating the effects of various ethanolic medicinal plant extracts on metastatic breast cancer proliferation, invasion, and expression of a novel potential drug target; CD82 metastatic suppressor protein, and on in vivo angiogenesis using the ex ovo yolk sac membrane (YSM) assay.

Purpose: Breast cancer metastasis relies on cellular invasion and angiogenesis facilitated by the downregulation of metastatic suppressor proteins like Cluster of Differentiation 82 (CD82). Currently, no medicines target multiple systems to prevent metastatic progression through CD82 upregulation. This study screened for plant extracts displaying effects on cell proliferation, invasion, and CD82 expression in breast cancer cells, and in vivo angiogenesis, and further correlated between the biological activities and effect on CD82 expression.

Evaluation of Lippia scaberrima Sond. and Aspalathus linearis (Burm.f.) R. Dahlgren extracts on human CYP enzymes and gold nanoparticle synthesis: implications for drug metabolism and cytotoxicity.

Background: Metabolism is an important component of the kinetic characteristics of herbal constituents, and it often determines the internal dose and concentration of these effective constituents at the target site. The metabolic profile of plant extracts and pure compounds need to be determined for any possible herb-drug metabolic interactions that might occur.

Methods: Various concentrations of the essential oil of Lippia scaberrima, the ethanolic extract of Lippia scaberrima alone and their combinations with fermented and unfermented Aspalathus linearis extract were used to determine the inhibitory potential on placental, microsomal and recombinant human hepatic Cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Antihistamine and Wound Healing Potential of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized Using (L.) Willd.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is an inflammatory skin condition with synthetic treatments that induce adverse effects and are ineffective. One of the proposed causes for the development of the condition is the outside-in hypothesis, which states that eczema is caused by a disruption in the skin barrier. These disruptions include developing dry cracked skin, which promotes the production of histamine.

A Review of the Potential of Poly-(lactide-co-glycolide) Nanoparticles as a Delivery System for an Active Antimycobacterial Compound, 7-Methyljuglone.

7-Methyljuglone (7-MJ) is a pure compound isolated from the roots of A. DC., a shrub indigenous to South Africa.

The Role of the PTEN Tumor Suppressor Gene and Its Anti-Angiogenic Activity in Melanoma and Other Cancers.

Human malignant melanoma and other solid cancers are largely driven by the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes and angiogenesis. Conventional treatments for cancer (surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy) are employed as first-line treatments for solid cancers but are often ineffective as monotherapies due to resistance and toxicity. Thus, targeted therapies, such as bevacizumab, which targets vascular endothelial growth factor, have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as angiogenesis inhibitors.

Steroids and Fatty Acid Esters from Leaf and Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Elastase Properties.

(CS) is a plant in the sedges family (Cyperaceae) that grows abundantly in swampy areas. The leaf sheath of plants in the Cyperus genus are mostly used domestically for mat making, while they are implicated for skin treatment in traditional medicine. The plant was investigated for its phytochemical contents as well as its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-elastase properties.

Antiproliferative Activity of (Willd.) against Melanoma and Modulation of Angiogenesis.

Melanoma cells secrete pro-angiogenic factors, which stimulates growth, proliferation and metastasis, and therefore are key therapeutic targets. (BS), and an isolated triterpenoid mixture (DT-BS-01) showed a fifty percent inhibitory concentration (IC) of 33.80 ± 1.

In Vitro and In Silico Pharmacological and Cosmeceutical Potential of Ten Essential Oils from Aromatic Medicinal Plants from the Mascarene Islands.

In this study, 10 essential oils (EOs), from nine plants (, , , , , , , , and ) were assessed for their antimicrobial, antiaging and antiproliferative properties. While only , (MIC: 0.50 mg/mL) and (MIC: 2 mg/mL) EOs showed activity against , all EOs except S.

Targeting Acne Bacteria and Wound Healing In Vitro Using , Rosmarinic Acid, and Tetracycline Gold Nanoparticles.

Gold nanoparticles from plant extracts and their bioactive compounds to treat various maladies have become an area of interest to many researchers. Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit caused by the opportunistic bacteria and . These bacteria are not only associated with inflammatory acne but also with prosthetic-implant-associated infections and wounds.

Mupirocin Promotes Wound Healing by Stimulating Growth Factor Production and Proliferation of Human Keratinocytes.

Mupirocin has been reported for its role in the treatment of infected wounds through its antibacterial activity, however the role of mupirocin in promoting wound healing via alternative mechanisms has not been extensively evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the potential effect of mupirocin to promote wound healing, not only through its antibacterial activity but by increasing human keratinocyte proliferation and growth factor production. In the scratch assay, using human keratinocytes (HaCat), mupirocin (at 0.

Evaluation of Wound Healing and Antibacterial Potential of Szyszyl. Ethanolic Leaf Extract.

Angiogenesis is an essential mechanism in both physiological and pathological functions, such as wound healing and cancer metastasis. Several growth factors mediate angiogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF). This study evaluated the potential wound healing activity of Szyszyl (GR) and its effect on growth factors regulating angiogenesis.

GC-MS analysis of herbs with cytotoxic, hepatoprotective attributes of ethanolic extract from Indian origin.

Objectives: Liver illnesses are a major public health issue all over the world. Medicinal plants constituents a viable alternative for the development of phytopharmaceuticals with hepatoprotective activity in order to solve some of these health-related problems. The present study is focused on the phytochemical and biological investigation on Indian traditional medicinal plant extracts, for their cytotoxic and hepatoprotective activity.

The Activity of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Against Biofilms.

The human skin is home to millions of bacteria, fungi, and viruses which form part of a unique microbiome. Commensal microbes, including can occasionally become opportunistic resulting in the onset of dermatological diseases such as acne. Acne is defined as a chronic inflammatory disorder based on its ability to persist for long periods throughout an individual's life.

Elucidating the Antimycobacterial Mechanism of Action of Decoquinate Derivative RMB041 Using Metabolomics.

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by (), still remains one of the leading causes of death from a single infectious agent worldwide. The high prevalence of this disease is mostly ascribed to the rapid development of drug resistance to the current anti-TB drugs, exacerbated by lack of patient adherence due to drug toxicity. The aforementioned highlights the urgent need for new anti-TB compounds with different antimycobacterial mechanisms of action to those currently being used.

Elucidating the Antimycobacterial Mechanism of Action of Ciprofloxacin Using Metabolomics.

In the interest of developing more effective and safer anti-tuberculosis drugs, we used a GCxGC-TOF-MS metabolomics research approach to investigate and compare the metabolic profiles of in the presence and absence of ciprofloxacin. The metabolites that best describe the differences between the compared groups were identified as markers characterizing the changes induced by ciprofloxacin. Malic acid was ranked as the most significantly altered metabolite marker induced by ciprofloxacin, indicative of an inhibition of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) and glyoxylate cycle of .

Pathogenesis of Keratinocyte Carcinomas and the Therapeutic Potential of Medicinal Plants and Phytochemicals.

Keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) is a form of skin cancer that develops in keratinocytes, which are the predominant cells present in the epidermis layer of the skin. Keratinocyte carcinoma comprises two sub-types, namely basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This review provides a holistic literature assessment of the origin, diagnosis methods, contributing factors, and current topical treatments of KC.

Cytotoxic and Antiangiogenetic Xanthones Inhibiting Tumor Proliferation and Metastasis from .

Eight prenylated xanthones including four new analogues were extracted and purified from the leaves of . Multiple techniques including UV, 1D and 2D NMR, and HRESIMS were used to determine the structures of the isolated xanthones. These xanthones were evaluated for their cytotoxicity toward human cancer cells, and compound exhibited activity against HeLa cells.

The effect of Aspalathus linearis (Burm.f.) R.Dahlgren and its compounds on tyrosinase and melanogenesis.

Pigmentation, a process controlled by melanogenesis, plays a vital role in protecting the skin against harmful ultraviolet rays. The level of protection is compromised in case of hypopigmentation. This study aimed to evaluate an Aspalathus linearis extract, fractions and phytoconstituents, for their efficacy on melanogenesis stimulation.

Traditional usage and biological activity of Plectranthus madagascariensis and its varieties: A review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Plectranthus madagascariensis (Pers.) Benth. is an indigenous aromatic South African plant species that are traditionally used to treat various dermatological and respiratory ailments.

Anti-SARS-CoV Natural Products With the Potential to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), known to cause the disease COVID-19, was declared a pandemic in early 2020. The objective of this review was to collate information regarding the potential of plants and natural products to inhibit coronavirus and targets associated with infection in humans and to highlight known drugs, which may have potential activity against SARS-CoV-2. Due to the similarity in the RNA genome, main proteases, and primary host receptor between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, a review was conducted on plants and secondary metabolites, which have shown activity against SARS-CoV.