Relationship between brain volume reduction during the acute phase of sepsis and activities of daily living in elderly patients: A prospective cohort study.

Brain damage in acute sepsis may be associated with poor long-term outcomes that impair reintegration into society. We aimed to clarify whether brain volume reduction occurs during the acute phase of sepsis in patients with acute brain damage. In this prospective, noninterventional observational study, brain volume reduction was evaluated by comparing head computed tomography findings at admission with those obtained during hospitalization.

The Characteristics of Patients with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia Treated with Direct Hemoperfusion Using Polymyxin B-Immobilized Fiber Column (PMX-DHP).

Purpose: The characteristics of patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who underwent direct hemoperfusion using polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column (PMX-DHP), in addition to steroids and immunomodulators, remain unclear.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study on 31 patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia treated with PMX-DHP in an intensive care unit (ICU) from December 2020 to September 2021.

Results: Outcomes 28 days after admission to the ICU were 20 in the survival group and 11 in the death group.

Be careful of splenic rupture caused by hit by a pitch during a baseball game: a case report.

Background: To the best of our knowledge, splenic rupture caused by hit by a pitch (HBP) has not been previously reported. We present a patient who underwent emergency laparotomy for splenic rupture after being HBP during a baseball game.

Case Presentation: A 41-year-old male was HBP in the left abdomen during his first at-bat during a baseball game.

PMX-DHP Therapy for Dyspnea and Deoxygenation in Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Case Series.

Hypercytokinemia induced by coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is associated with severe pulmonary involvement, which may lead to respiratory failure. These conditions play an important role in the worsening of clinical symptoms in patients with severe COVID-19. There is no established treatment for hypercytokinemia.

infection accompanied by acute glomerulonephritis.

() is a Gram-negative bacterium, which rarely causes serious infection. This is a rare case report of acute glomerulonephritis diagnosed by pathological findings in a child accompanied by infection. The patient showed hematuria, proteinuria and hyperkalemia requiring emergency hemodialysis.

Parameters Influencing Brain Oxygen Measurement by Regional Oxygen Saturation in Postcardiac Arrest Patients with Targeted Temperature Management.

In several studies, regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO) has been measured in patients with postcardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) to analyze the brain's metabolic status. However, the significance of rSO in PCAS patients remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between rSO and physiological parameters.

Relationship between hemoglobin levels and vancomycin clearance in patients with sepsis.

Purpose: It is important to accurately estimate accurate vancomycin (VCM) clearance (CLvcm) for appropriate VCM dosing in the treatment of patients with sepsis. However, the pathophysiology of sepsis can make CLvcm prediction less accurate. Clearance of hydrophilic antibiotics is disturbed by organ dysfunction, and hemoglobin levels are negatively correlated with sequential organ function assessment scores.

Acute epiglottitis caused by community-acquired methicillin-resistant in a healthy infant.

was the main causative organism for acute epiglottitis in the pre- type b (Hib) vaccine era. However, with current widespread Hib vaccination, the causative organisms may have changed. Here, we report the case of a healthy infant with acute epiglottitis caused by community-acquired methicillin-resistant (MRSA).

Development of new equipment for intra-arrest brain cooling that uses cooled oxygen in the lungs: volunteer study.

Aims: Many experimental studies have reported that intra-arrest cooling during cardiac arrest is a promising treatment to mitigate brain injury. However, there is no clinically established method for cooling the brain during cardiac arrest. We hypothesized that, as blood flow in the lungs must be very slow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the blood could be cooled by ventilating the lungs with cooled oxygen like a radiator, and that this cooled blood would in turn cool the brain.

Relationship Between Initial Vancomycin Trough Levels and Early-Onset Vancomycin-Associated Nephrotoxicity in Critically Ill Patients.

Background: Appropriate initial dosing of vancomycin (VCM) is important in improving survival and in preventing nephrotoxicity in critically ill patients, but the potential relationship between initial VCM trough levels and early-onset nephrotoxicity remains unclear. We examined the relationship between initial VCM trough levels and early-onset VCM-associated nephrotoxicity.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of patients who had therapeutic drug monitoring of VCM with initial trough levels within 4 days after the beginning of VCM administration.

Systemic impact on secondary brain aggravation due to ischemia/reperfusion injury in post-cardiac arrest syndrome: a prospective observational study using high-mobility group box 1 protein.

Background: Ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) is an important pathophysiology of post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) against multiple organ dysfunction and mortality. The inflammatory response in PCAS causes systemic I/R. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the pathophysiology of systemic I/R for secondary brain damage using the biomarkers high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and interleukin-6 (IL-6).