Lupeol Isolated from Sorbus commixta Suppresses 1α,25-(OH)2D3-Mediated Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Loss in Vitro and in Vivo.

Lupeol is a lupane-type triterpene isolated from Sorbus commixta, an oriental medicine used to treat arthritis and inflammatory diseases. However, the antiosteoporotic effects of S. commixta or any of its constituents have not been studied yet.

RETRACTED: Pierisformoside B exhibits neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in murine hippocampal and microglial cells via the HO-1/Nrf2-mediated pathway.

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Spatholobus suberectus inhibits osteoclastogenesis and stimulates chondrogenesis.

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn (SS) on the protection of chondral defect and inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. To examine these effects, we measured the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) levels in SW1353 chondrosarcoma cells and performed tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining in bone marrow macrophage (BMM)-derived osteoclasts. To investigate the anti-osteoarthritis (OA) effects, we assessed TNF-α-induced MMP-1, -3, -9 and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP) expression levels in SW1353 cells.

Delphinidin suppresses PMA-induced MMP-9 expression by blocking the NF-κB activation through MAPK signaling pathways in MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. The synthesis and secretion of MMP-9 can be stimulated by a variety of stimuli, including cytokines and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), during various pathological processes, such as tumor invasion, atherosclerosis, inflammation, and rheumatoid arthritis, whereas MMP-2 is usually expressed constitutively. Delphinidin, an anthocyanidin present in pigmented fruits and vegetables, possesses potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiangiogenic properties.

4,2',5'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone from Dalbergia odorifera exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inducing heme oxygenase-1 in murine macrophages.

Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen (Leguminosae) has traditionally been used as an ingredient in East Asian medicines to treat various diseases. In the present study, 4,2',5'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone (TMC), a biologically active chalcone isolated from the heartwood of D.

6,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone inhibits osteoclast differentiation and function.

6,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone (DMF) is a flavonoid isolated from Heartwood Dalbergia odorifera. It has been known that DMF has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. DMF, however, the efficacy of bone related diseases has not been reported.

Changes in free amino acid, protein, and flavonoid content in jujube (Ziziphus jujube) fruit during eight stages of growth and antioxidative and cancer cell inhibitory effects by extracts.

Jujube (Ziziphus jujube) was analyzed at eight stages of ripeness (S1-8) for protein, by HPLC and mass spectroscopy for free amino acids and flavonoids, and by colorimetry for total flavonoids and antioxidative activity. The ripe fruit had lower levels of protein, flavonoids, and antioxidative activity than that of the unripe fruit. Free amino acids levels peaked at S5, due mainly to an increase in free asparagine.

Effect of Rosemarinus officinalis L. on MMP-9, MCP-1 levels, and cell migration in RAW 264.7 and smooth muscle cells.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disease. Novel anti-inflammatory therapies may have promise as treatment strategies for cardiovascular risk reduction. Rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis L.

Antioxidant effects of fermented red ginseng extracts in streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats.

The antioxidant activities of fermented red ginseng (FRG) were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The contents of total polyphenol and total flavonoid in FRG extracts were 17.01±2.

Alisol-B, a novel phyto-steroid, suppresses the RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and prevents bone loss in mice.

Osteoclasts, bone-resorbing multinucleated cells, are differentiated from hemopoietic progenitors of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. Bone resorption by osteoclasts is considered a potential therapeutic target to the treatment of erosive bone diseases, including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis. In the present study, we found that alisol-B, a phyto-steroid from Alisma orientale Juzepczuk, exhibited inhibitory effects on osteoclastogenesis both in vitro and in vivo.