A primary school-based dengue solution model for post-COVID-19 in southern Thailand: Students understanding of the dengue solution and larval indices surveillance system.

One of the consequences of the COVID-19 lockdown is that it hinders school-based dengue management interventions. This is due to the closure of schools and the limited availability of online lessons in certain schools. Conversely, the level of basic understanding that primary school children have about the condition is directly related to their likelihood of getting it and their ability to modify their behaviour to prevent it.

Diabetes self-care intervention strategies and their effectiveness in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review.

Background: Diabetes poses a significant public health challenge, predominantly affecting low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), including in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The evolving landscape characterized by resource constraints, gaps in availability and functionality of healthcare system, and socio-demographic impediments has compounded these challenges. As an example, self-care interventions have played a crucial role in diabetes care.

msproteomics sitereport: reporting DIA-MS phosphoproteomics experiments at site level with ease.

Summary: Identification and quantification of phosphorylation sites are essential for biological interpretation of a phosphoproteomics experiment. For data independent acquisition mass spectrometry-based (DIA-MS) phosphoproteomics, extracting a site-level report from the output of current processing software is not straightforward as multiple peptides might contribute to a single site, multiple phosphorylation sites can occur on the same peptides, and protein isoforms complicate site specification. Currently only limited support is available from a commercial software package via a platform-specific solution with a rather simple site quantification method.

Understanding the Role of Free-Living Bacteria in the Gut of the Lower Termite Based on Metagenomic DNA Analysis.

Termites' digestive systems, particularly in lower termites with the presence of protozoa, are unique ecological niches that shelter a diverse microbiota with a variety of functions for the host and the environment. In 2012, the metagenomic DNA (5.4 Gb) of the prokaryotes that freely live in the gut of the lower termite were sequenced.

Tumor suppressor p53 mediates interleukin-6 expression to enable cancer cell evasion of genotoxic stress.

The tumor suppressor p53 primarily functions as a mediator of DNA damage-induced cell death, thereby contributing to the efficacy of genotoxic anticancer therapeutics. Here, we show, on the contrary, that cancer cells can employ genotoxic stress-induced p53 to acquire treatment resistance through the production of the pleiotropic cytokine interleukin (IL)-6. Mechanistically, DNA damage, either repairable or irreparable, activates p53 and stimulates Caspase-2-mediated cleavage of its negative regulator mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) creating a positive feedback loop that leads to elevated p53 protein accumulation.

Action mechanism of snake venom l-amino acid oxidase and its double-edged sword effect on cancer treatment: Role of pannexin 1-mediated interleukin-6 expression.

Snake venom l-amino acid oxidases (svLAAOs) have been recognized as promising candidates for anticancer therapeutics. However, multiple aspects of their catalytic mechanism and the overall responses of cancer cells to these redox enzymes remain ambiguous. Here, we present an analysis of the phylogenetic relationships and active site-related residues among svLAAOs and reveal that the previously proposed critical catalytic residue His 223 is highly conserved in the viperid but not the elapid svLAAO clade.

Understanding medical students' interests in family medicine in Vietnam: A qualitative study.

Background And Objectives: Family medicine has recently been introduced into undergraduate training programs after more than 10 years of only being available for postgraduate doctors in Vietnam. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of sixth-year medical students towards family medicine and the factors that influence their career choice for - or against - family medicine.

Method: The authors used a qualitative approach with a criterion sampling technique, including 36 participants in eight interviews and four focus group discussions, with thematical analysis.

Sero-Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in High-Risk Populations in Vietnam.

As a response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Vietnam enforced strict quarantine, contact tracing and physical distancing policies resulting in one of the lowest numbers of individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity among high-risk populations in Vietnam. A prevalence survey was undertaken within four communities in Vietnam, where at least two COVID-19 cases had been confirmed.

Some characters of bacterial cellulases in goats' rumen elucidated by metagenomic DNA analysis and the role of fibronectin 3 module for endoglucanase function.

Objective: Fibronectin 3 (FN3) and immunoglobulin like modules (Ig) are usually collocated beside modular cellulase catalytic domains. However, very few researches have investigated the role of these modules. In a previous study, we have sequenced and analyzed bacterial metagenomic DNA in Vietnamese goats' rumen and found that cellulase-producing bacteria and cellulase families were dominant.

Reliably Regioselective Dialkyl Ether Cleavage with Mixed Boron Trihalides.

A protocol for the regioselective cleavage of unsymmetrical alkyl ethers to generate alkyl alcohol and alkyl bromide products is described. A mixture of trihaloboranes triggers this conversion and exhibits improved reactivity profiles (regioselectivity and yield) compared with BBr alone. Additionally, this procedure allows the efficient synthesis of (B-Cl) dialkyl boronate esters.

Metagenomic insights into lignocellulose-degrading genes through Illumina-based de novo sequencing of the microbiome in Vietnamese native goats' rumen.

The scarcity of enzymes having an optimal activity in lignocellulose deconstruction is an obstacle for industrial-scale conversion of cellulosic biomass into biofuels. With the aim of mining novel lignocellulolytic enzymes, a ~9 Gb metagenome of bacteria in Vietnamese native goats' rumen was sequenced by Illumina platform. From the data, 821 ORFs encoding carbohydrate esterases (CEs) and polysaccharide lyases (PLs) serving for lignocellulose pre-treatment, 816 ORFs encoding 11 glycoside hydrolase families (GHs) of cellulases, and 2252 ORFs encoding 22 GHs of hemicellulases, were mined.

Metagenomic analysis of bacterial community structure and diversity of lignocellulolytic bacteria in Vietnamese native goat rumen.

Objective: In a previous study, analysis of Illumina sequenced metagenomic DNA data of bacteria in Vietnamese goats' rumen showed a high diversity of putative lignocellulolytic genes. In this study, taxonomy speculation of microbial community and lignocellulolytic bacteria population in the rumen was conducted to elucidate a role of bacterial structure for effective degradation of plant materials.

Methods: The metagenomic data had been subjected into Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLASTX) algorithm and the National Center for Biotechnology Information non-redundant sequence database.

Procarcinogens - Determination and Evaluation by Yeast-Based Biosensor Transformed with Plasmids Incorporating RAD54 Reporter Construct and Cytochrome P450 Genes.

In Vietnam, a great number of toxic substances, including carcinogens and procarcinogens, from industrial and agricultural activities, food production, and healthcare services are daily released into the environment. In the present study, we report the development of novel yeast-based biosensor systems to determine both genotoxic carcinogens and procarcinogens by cotransformation with two plasmids. One plasmid is carrying human CPR and CYP (CYP3A4, CYP2B6, or CYP2D6) genes, while the other contains the RAD54-GFP reporter construct.

Development of mitochondrial loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of the small liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini (Opisthorchiidae; Trematoda; Platyhelminthes).

Mitochondrial DNA sequences offer major advantages over the more usual nuclear targets for loop-mediated isothermal amplification approaches (mito-LAMP) because multiple copies occur in every cell. Four LAMP primers [F3, FIP(F1c+F2), BIP(B1c+B2), and B3] were designed based on the mitochondrial nad1 sequence of Opisthorchis viverrini and used for a highly specific assay (mito-OvLAMP) to distinguish DNA of O. viverrini from that of another opisthorchiid (Clonorchis sinensis) and other trematodes (Haplorchis pumilio, Haplorchis taichui, Fasciola hepatica, and Fasciola gigantica).

Innovative in silico approaches to address avian flu using grid technology.

The recent years have seen the emergence of diseases which have spread very quickly all around the world either through human travels like SARS or animal migration like avian flu. Among the biggest challenges raised by infectious emerging diseases, one is related to the constant mutation of the viruses which turns them into continuously moving targets for drug and vaccine discovery. Another challenge is related to the early detection and surveillance of the diseases as new cases can appear just anywhere due to the globalization of exchanges and the circulation of people and animals around the earth, as recently demonstrated by the avian flu epidemics.