Predictors of bloodstream infection and its impact on mortality in septic arthritis: A 15-year review.

Background: Septic arthritis is frequently complicated by bloodstream infection (BSI), which can lead to metastatic infections and sepsis. In the current study, we aimed to identify risk factors for septic arthritis-related BSI and assess its impact on clinical outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective review spanning 15 years (January 2009 to May 2023) was conducted on patients diagnosed with septic arthritis.

Early management of adult sepsis and septic shock: Korean clinical practice guidelines.

Background: Despite recent advances and global improvements in sepsis recognition and supportive care, mortality rates remain high, and adherence to sepsis bundle components in Korea is low. To address this, the Korean Sepsis Alliance, affiliated with the Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine, developed the first sepsis treatment guidelines for Korea based on a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A de novo method was used to develop the guidelines.

The risk of infective endocarditis according to blood pressure in patients with diabetes: a nationwide population-based study.

Background: We aimed to assess the incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) and evaluate the impact of hypertension (HTN) with underweight on the risk of IE among patients with diabetic mellitus (DM) using a nationwide population-based cohort in Korea.

Methods: We identified 2,603,012 participants (57.4 ± 12.

Effect of physical activity on risk reduction of infective endocarditis among patients with diabetes: a nationwide cohort study.

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at a higher risk of infectious diseases, and exercise is an important treatment modality for DM. Despite their susceptibility to infection in diabetic patients, the association between the amount of physical activity and the incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) is unclear. We attempted to demonstrate risk reduction by physical activity in diabetic patients with IE.

Antiretroviral Therapy during Long-term Surgical Care: 'Exploring Difficult Cases in HIV Clinics' of the Korean Society for AIDS Conference in 2023.

With advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART), the average lifespan of people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is increasing, as is the number of older adults with HIV. Accordingly, the number of patients with HIV who undergo surgery or require critical care for various reasons is increasing. Since the prognosis of people with HIV depends on the continuous and effective maintenance of ART, there is a need to consider effectively maintaining ART in people with HIV in these conditions.

Hepatitis B Reactivation and Vaccination Effectiveness after Solid Organ Transplantation: A Matched Case-Control Study.

Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are at significant risk of hepatitis B (HB) virus (HBV) reactivation (HBVr). Despite the clinical significance of HBVr after solid organ transplantation, data on the risk factors for HBVr and vaccine effectiveness in SOT recipients with resolved HBV infection are limited. This study evaluated the risk factors for HBVr and the seroconversion rates after HBV vaccination in SOT recipients.

Correction: Increasing Fusobacterium infections with Fusobacterium varium, an emerging pathogen.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for right-sided infective endocarditis in Korea: a 12-year retrospective cohort study.

Right-sided infective endocarditis (RSIE) is less common than left-sided infective endocarditis (LSIE) and exhibits distinct epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological characteristics. Previous studies have focused primarily on RSIE in patients with intravenous drug use. We investigated the characteristics and risk factors for RSIE in an area where intravenous drug use is uncommon.

Carbapenem-resistant Outbreak in a COVID-19 Isolation Ward and Successful Outbreak Control with Infection Control Measures.

Background: Even amid the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria and infection control are still important tasks. After recognizing the carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) outbreak that occurred in the isolation room for COVID-19, we would like to introduce what infection control measures were implemented to eradicate it.

Materials And Methods: All COVID-19 patients with CRAB in any specimen admitted to the COVID-19 isolation ward of the tertiary hospital in Korea from October to November 2021 were analyzed.

The obesity paradox in younger adult patients with sepsis: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: The obesity paradox suggests that individuals with obesity may have a survival advantage against specific critical illnesses, including sepsis. However, whether this paradox occurs at younger ages remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether obesity could improve survival in younger adult patients with sepsis.

Frequency and Risk Factor Analysis for Metronidazole-Associated Neurologic Adverse Events.

Background: Little is known about the risk factors and frequency of metronidazole-associated neurological adverse events.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors and frequency of metronidazole-associated neurological adverse events.

Design: This retrospective study contained two parts.

Trends, clinical characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and outcomes of Campylobacter bacteraemia: a multicentre retrospective study.

Purpose: We aimed to explore the clinical characteristics of Campylobacter bacteraemia and identify the trends, risk factors for mortality, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from clinical samples.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients confirmed to have Campylobacter bacteraemia from seven hospitals between January 2010 and June 2021. Data on demographics and underlying history, clinical manifestation, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were collected and analyzed.

DECIPHERING GUT MICROBIOTA IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE SEPSIS AND SEPTIC SHOCK.

Introduction: Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with susceptibility to sepsis and poor outcomes. However, changes to the intestinal microbiota during sepsis and their value as biomarkers are unclear. In this study, we compared the intestinal microbiota of patients with sepsis and healthy controls.

Randomized Trial of Prophylactic Antibiotics for Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Patients With Biliary Obstruction.

Introduction: The incidence of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) infections is reported to be up to 18% in patients with biliary obstruction. Antibiotic prophylaxis may reduce the risk of infectious complications after ERCP; however, the clinical value of prophylactic antibiotics in ERCP remains controversial.

Methods: We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial to investigate whether the use of prophylactic antibiotics would reduce infectious complications after ERCP in patients with biliary obstruction.

Long-term prognosis and overall mortality in patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare but fatal opportunistic infection and mainly occurs in patients with immunosuppressive conditions. Despite the increasing number of patients receiving immunosuppressive treatments, studies on PML are still lacking due to its low prevalence and incidence. We retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with PML in two tertiary hospitals in South Korea from 1999 to 2021.

Pentraxin 3 as an Immune Recovery Marker in HIV Infection After Combination Antiretroviral Therapy.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection causes chronic inflammation in affected individuals. Chronic inflammation may hinder immunological recovery. Treatment with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is insufficient to reduce inflammation.

Clinical Characteristics and Associated Factors for Mortality in Patients with Carbapenem-Resistant Bloodstream Infection.

Background: Bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by carbapenem-resistant (CRE) significantly influences patient morbidity and mortality. We aimed to identify the characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors of mortality in adult patients with CRE bacteremia and elucidate the differences between carbapenemase-producing (CP)-CRE BSI and non-CP-CRE BSI.

Methods: This retrospective study included 147 patients who developed CRE BSI between January 2016 and January 2019 at a large tertiary care hospital in South Korea.