The evolution of centriole degradation in mouse sperm.

Centrioles are subcellular organelles found at the cilia base with an evolutionarily conserved structure and a shock absorber-like function. In sperm, centrioles are found at the flagellum base and are essential for embryo development in basal animals. Yet, sperm centrioles have evolved diverse forms, sometimes acting like a transmission system, as in cattle, and sometimes becoming dispensable, as in house mice.

Association between Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Treatment Response to Inhaled Corticosteroids and a Long-Acting Beta-Agonist in Asthma.

has been linked to airway structural changes in patients with asthma, leading to airway hyperresponsiveness, narrowing, and ultimately poor treatment responsiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic association of SNPs with asthma, disease severity, and treatment responsiveness to ICS+LABA in the South Indian population. In this case-control study (486 controls and 503 cases), we performed genotyping using MassArray for six SNPs of , namely rs2280091, rs2787094, rs3918396, rs67044, rs2853209, and rs3918392.

Prioritizing Candidate Genes for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus using Integrated Network and Pathway Analysis.

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has emerged as a major threat to global health that fosters life-threatening clinical complications, taking a huge toll on our society. More than 65 million Indians suffer from T2DM, making it one of the leading causes of death. T2DM and associated complications have to be constantly monitored and managed which reduces the overall quality of life and increases socioeconomic burden.

Differential expression of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein genes in response to drug-induced stress.

Unlabelled: Heat shock proteins are essential in maintaining cellular protein function, especially during stress. Their influence in managing drug-induced stress in Tuberculosis is not clearly understood.

Aims: Study the expression of select genes of the DnaK/ClpB chaperone network to evaluate their role in stress response in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates during exposure to Isoniazid (INH) and Rifampicin (RIF).

Corrigendum to "Illumina short-read sequencing data, de novo assembly, and annotations of the genome" [34 (2021) 106674].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.

Mucosa-associated specific bacterial species disrupt the intestinal epithelial barrier in the autism phenome.

Gut-Brain Axis provides a bidirectional communicational route, an imbalance of which can have pathophysiological consequences. Differential gut microbiome studies have become a frontier in autism research, affecting 85% of autistic children. The present study aims to understand how gut microbiota of autism subjects differ from their neurotypical counterparts.

De novo assembly, annotation and gene expression profiles of gonads of Cytorace-3, a hybrid lineage of Drosophila nasuta nasuta and D. n. albomicans.

Cytorace-3 is a laboratory evolved hybrid lineage of Drosophila nasuta nasuta males and Drosophila nasuta albomicans females currently passing ~850 generations. To assess interracial hybridization effects on gene expression in Cytorace-3 we profiled the transcriptomes of mature ovaries and testes by employing Illumina sequencing technology and de novo transcriptome assembling strategies. We found 26% of the ovarian, and 14% of testis genes to be differentially expressed in Cytorace-3 relative to the expressed genes in the parental gonadal transcriptomes.

Integrated Network and Gene Ontology Analysis Identifies Key Genes and Pathways for Coronary Artery Diseases.

Background: The prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in developing countries is on the rise, owing to rapidly changing lifestyle. Therefore, it is imperative that the underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms be understood to develop specific treatment strategies. Comprehensive disease network and Gene Ontology (GO) studies aid in prioritizing potential candidate genes for CAD and also give insights into gene function by establishing gene and disease pathway relationships.

Illumina short-read sequencing data, assembly and annotations of the genome.

The () is a member of subgroup of species group of widely distributed across South-East Asia and central to Southern Africa. It displays morphological similarities with other members of the subgroup with which it has a recent divergence history. The genomic DNA of Coorg strain was paired-end sequenced using Illumina HiSeq 2500 technology to obtain a draft genome assembly of 145.

Allopatric sibling species pair Drosophila nasuta nasuta and Drosophila nasuta albomicans exhibit expression divergence in ovarian transcriptomes.

Drosophila nasuta nasuta and Drosophila nasuta albomicans represent cross fertile members of the immigrans species group of Drosophila with an allopatric mode of distribution exhibiting characteristic novelties. Illumina sequencing technology and de novo transcriptome assembling strategies were used for the current study. The analysis revealed 8% of the transcriptome to be differentially expressed between the ovaries of these two species, of which 9% was related to female reproduction.

Integrated Functional Analysis Implicates Syndromic and Rare Copy Number Variation Genes as Prominent Molecular Players in Pathogenesis of Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are caused by disrupted neurodevelopment leading to socio-communication and behavioural abnormalities. Although genetic anomalies like Copy Number Variations (CNV) have been implicated in ASD, their overall genomic landscape and pathogenicity remain elusive. Therefore, we created a CNV map for ASD using 9337 cases and 5650 controls from SFARI database, statistically marked genomic regions with high and low frequencies of CNVs (i.

Simultaneous Detection of Drug-resistant Mutations in and Determining their Role through Docking.

Unlabelled: A molecular method for diagnosis of drug-resistant Tuberculosis is Multiplex allele-specific PCR (MAS-PCR), which is more time-efficient, and its accuracy is studied using DNA sequencing. Also, understanding the role of mutations, when translated to protein, in causing resistance helps in better drug designing.

Aim: To study MAS-PCR in the detection of drug resistance in comparison to DNA sequencing in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and understand the mechanism of interaction of drugs with mutant proteins.

Haplotype analysis of polymorphisms in asthma: A pilot study.

Background & Objectives: ADAM33 is implicated as a potentially strong candidate gene for asthma and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. Many polymorphisms of ADAM33 have been studied along with ADAM33 expression in various cells of the lungs. Haplotype analysis also showed association with asthma in different populations across the world.

Detection of First-Line Drug Resistance Mutations and Drug-Protein Interaction Dynamics from Tuberculosis Patients in South India.

Background: Diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis predominantly relies on culture-based drug susceptibility testing, which take weeks to produce a result and a more time-efficient alternative method is multiplex allele-specific PCR (MAS-PCR). Also, understanding the role of mutations in causing resistance helps better drug designing.

Aims: To evaluate the ability of MAS-PCR in the detection of drug resistance and to understand the mechanism of interaction of drugs with mutant proteins in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Identifying the risk of producing aneuploids using meiotic recombination genes as biomarkers: A copy number variation approach.

Background & Objectives: Aneuploids are the most common chromosomal abnormality in liveborns and are usually the result of non-disjunction (NDJ) in meiosis. Copy number variations (CNVs) are large structural variations affecting the human genome. CNVs influence critical genes involved in causing NDJ by altering their copy number which affects the clinical outcome.

High-resolution arrays reveal burden of copy number variations on Parkinson disease genes associated with increased disease risk in random cohorts.

Background: Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurological disease responsible for a considerable rate of mortality and morbidity in the society. Since the symptoms of the disease appear much later than the actual onset of neuron degeneration, a majority of cases remain undiagnosed until the manifestation of the symptoms.

Objectives: In order to investigate the existence of such susceptibility in the population, we analyzed Copy Number Variation (CNV) influences on PD genes in 1715 individuals from 12 different populations.

A newly evolved Drosophila Cytorace-9 shows trade-off between longevity and immune response.

Species with an efficient immune system would be at an advantage to evade pathogenic challenges and adapt to an ever changing ecological niche. The upkeep of immunity is a costly affair, thus trade-offs between immunity and other life history traits are expected. However, studies on the relation between immunity and life span have yielded paradoxical results.

Copy Number Variation of UGT 2B Genes in Indian Families Using Whole Genome Scans.

Background and Objectives. Uridine diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase 2B (UGT2B) is a family of genes involved in metabolizing steroid hormones and several other xenobiotics. These UGT2B genes are highly polymorphic in nature and have distinct polymorphisms associated with specific regions around the globe.

A preliminary study on the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of interleukin 4 (IL4), IL13, IL4 receptor alpha (IL4Rα) & Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) genes with asthma in Indian adults.

Background & Objectives: Interleukin 4 (IL4) and IL13 genes are believed to be responsible for inflammation of the airways in asthmatics. These share a common receptor component called IL4Rα which is another potentially important candidate gene linked to asthma phenotypes. Another gene Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) might affect the incidence or progression of asthma through the expression of proinflammatory genes.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus disease risk genes identified by genome wide copy number variation scan in normal populations.

Aims: To identify the role of copy number variations (CNVs) on disease risk genes and its effect on disease phenotypes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in 12 random populations using high throughput arrays.

Methods: CNV analysis was carried out on a total of 1715 individuals from 12 populations, from ArrayExpress Archive of the European Bioinformatics Institute along with our subjects using Affymetrix Genome Wide SNP 6.0 array.

Global patterns of large copy number variations in the human genome reveal complexity in chromosome organization.

Global patterns of copy number variations (CNVs) in chromosomes are required to understand the dynamics of genome organization and complexity. For this study, analysis was performed using the Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6.0 chip and CytoScan High-Density arrays.

IL-10 and IL-17F Promoter Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Asthma: A Case-Control Study in South India.

Background: Several studies have assessed the association between IL-17F and IL-10 promoter polymorphisms and asthma, but the results were conflicting. Furthermore, few studies have evaluated the association of cytokine polymorphisms with asthma and its clinical phenotypes.

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the association of IL-10 (interleukin 10) and IL-17F (interleukin 17F) promoter polymorphisms (rs1800871, rs1800896 and rs1889570) with asthma and its clinical phenotypes including severity, atopic status, spirometric parameters, and response to treatment in south Indian population.