Glutamatergic modulation of synaptic-like vesicle recycling in mechanosensory lanceolate nerve terminals of mammalian hair follicles.

Our aim in the present study was to determine whether a glutamatergic modulatory system involving synaptic-like vesicles (SLVs) is present in the lanceolate ending of the mouse and rat hair follicle and, if so, to assess its similarity to that of the rat muscle spindle annulospiral ending we have described previously. Both types of endings are formed by the peripheral sensory terminals of primary mechanosensory dorsal root ganglion cells, so the presence of such a system in the lanceolate ending would provide support for our hypothesis that it is a general property of fundamental importance to the regulation of the responsiveness of the broad class of primary mechanosensory endings. We show not only that an SLV-based system is present in lanceolate endings, but also that there are clear parallels between its operation in the two types of mechanosensory endings.

Trapezoid fractures: report of 11 cases.

Purpose: Trapezoid fractures are rare. Mostly single cases reports appear in the literature. The purpose of this study was to review 11 patients treated for trapezoid fractures at our center.

Evidence based surgery--do we practice what we preach?

Background: Good surgical practice assumes knowledge of the current literature. However, we suspect that published clinical recommendations are not always followed by the department producing the research. We sought to assess whether clinical recommendations made by surgical units are followed within their own department.