Retention Rate of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Resin-Based Sealant under Field Conditions: A Split-Mouth Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objectives:  The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical retention rate between hydrophilic and hydrophobic resin-based sealant placed under field setting and related factors.

Materials And Methods:  Sixty-six children with 106 pairs of teeth in the same arch with matching International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) scores ranging from 0 to 2 were recruited. This study was a split-mouth design with each tooth in the pair randomly assigned into either hydrophobic resin-based sealant group (Concise white sealant, 3M.

Current Management of Dens Evaginatus Teeth Based on Pulpal Diagnosis.

Introduction: Dens evaginatus (DE) is a dental anomaly with a supernumerary tubercle projection that typically contains dentin and pulp tissue. However, the tubercle projection can fracture, exposing the dentin and potentially the dental pulp, which induces pulpal diseases. Managing DE should be primarily based on the clinical diagnosis of the pulp.

Success Rate and Related Factors of Vitapex Pulpectomy in Primary Teeth: A Retrospective Study.

Objectives:  Our aims were to evaluate the Vitapex pulpectomy (PE) success rate, Vitapex resorption rate, and their associated factors in primary teeth.

Material And Methods:  This retrospective study evaluated the clinical records of Vitapex PE-treated patients at the Pediatric Dental Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, from 2013 to 2019. The patient's and pulpectomized tooth's characteristics, procedure, materials used, and type of operator were recorded.

Effect of an N95 respirator and a surgical mask-covered N95 on the cardiovascular responses of dentists treating paediatric patients: A crossover clinical trial.

Background: The studies on cardiovascular alterations when using an N95 respirator or surgical mask-covered N95 during dental treatments are limited.

Aim: To investigate and compare the cardiovascular responses of dentists treating paediatric patients while wearing an N95 respirator or a surgical mask-covered N95.

Design: This was a crossover clinical trial in 18 healthy dentists wearing an N95 respirator or surgical mask-covered N95 during the dental treatment of paediatric patients.

Rare Genetic Variants in Human Are Implicated in Mesiodens and Isolated Supernumerary Teeth.

The activation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling is a prerequisite for odontogenesis. APC, a member of the AXIN-CK1-GSK3β-APC β-catenin destruction complex, functions to modulate Wnt/β-catenin signalling to establish regular teeth number and positions. APC loss-of-function mutations are associated with the over-activation of WNT/β-catenin signalling and subsequent familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP; MIM 175100) with or without multiple supernumerary teeth.

CACNA1S mutation-associated dental anomalies: A calcium channelopathy.

Objectives: To identify the molecular etiology of distinct dental anomalies found in eight Thai patients and explore the mutational effects on cellular functions.

Materials And Methods: Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed for eight patients. Whole exome sequencing, mutant protein modelling, qPCR, western blot analysis, scratch assays, immunofluorescence, confocal analysis, in situ hybridization, and scanning electron micrography of teeth were done.

Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant ESKAPEE pathogens from clinical samples in Chonburi, Thailand (2017-2018).

Background: ESKAPEE pathogens Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp. and Escherichia coli are multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria that present increasing treatment challenges for healthcare institutions and public health worldwide.

Methods: 431 MDR ESKAPEE pathogens were collected from Queen Sirikit Naval Hospital, Chonburi, Thailand between 2017 and 2018.

Effectiveness of applying proximal enamel caries with fluoride-releasing sealant and fluoride varnish on caries progression in permanent teeth: A 12-month split-mouth randomized clinical trial.

Background: Few studies report on managing initial proximal caries with sealants, and no reports focus on fluoride-releasing sealants.

Aim: To compare the effectiveness between applications of a fluoride-releasing sealant and fluoride varnish on proximal enamel caries to control caries progression in permanent teeth.

Design: This was a split-mouth randomized controlled trial in forty-four 11- to 16-year-old children with radiographic caries in at least one contralateral pair of teeth with proximal enamel caries.

Outcomes and Predisposing Factors of Two Prophylactic Treatments in Dens Evaginatus Premolars: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Dens evaginatus (DE) in premolars may contain a pulpal extension inside the occlusal tubercle. DE prophylaxis should be performed to prevent pulpal exposure due to tubercle fracture. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of 2 prophylactic treatments, that is, prep and fill (PF) and reinforcement (RF), in DE premolars based on clinical and radiographic data, and to identify the predisposing factors.

Odontogenic gene expression profile of human dental pulp-derived cells under high glucose influence: a microarray analysis.

Unlabelled: Hyperglycemia, a major characteristic of diabetes, is considered to play a vital role in diabetic complications. High glucose levels have been found to inhibit the mineralization of dental pulp cells. However, gene expression associated with this phenomenon has not yet been reported.

The efficacy of dental sealant used with bonding agent on occlusal caries (ICDAS 2-4): A 24-month randomized clinical trial.

Background: Bonding before sealant application enhances retention on saliva-contaminated sound teeth; however, there are few studies of bonding's efficacy on sealant retention on occlusal caries.

Aim: To evaluate a bonding agent's efficacy on sealant retention on occlusal caries and caries transition.

Design: One hundred twenty pairs of first permanent molars with occlusal caries (ICDAS 2-4) from 98 children aged 7.

High Glucose Affects Proliferation, Reactive Oxygen Species and Mineralization of Human Dental Pulp Cells.

Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders that can lead to damage and dysfunction of many organs including the dental pulp. Increased inflammatory response, reduction of dentin formation and impaired healing were reported in diabetic dental pulp. Hyperglycemia, which is a main characteristic of diabetes, was suggested to play a role in many diabetic complications.

WHO Global Consultation on Public Health Intervention against Early Childhood Caries.

Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is prevalent around the world, but in particular the disease is growing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries in parallel with changing diet and lifestyles. In many countries, ECC is often left untreated, a condition which leads to pain and adversely affects general health, growth and development, and quality of life of children, their families and their communities. Importantly, ECC is also a global public health burden, medically, socially and economically.

PREVALENCE, SEVERITY AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DENTAL FLUOROSIS AMONG CHILDREN AGED 8-10 YEARS IN BANGKOK, THAILAND.

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with dental fluorosis in permanent incisors among children aged 8-10 years in Bangkok, Thailand. We studied 707 children selected by stratified randomization and examined each of them to determine their Dean’s fluorosis index. Parents of the studied children were asked to fill out a questionnaire.

Association analysis of CYP2C9*3 and phenytoin-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) in Thai epilepsy children.

CYP2C9 is the key enzyme in aromatic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) metabolism. CYP2C9*3 is a loss of function polymorphism. This study was designed to investigate genetic association between CYP2C9*3 and aromatic AED-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) in Thai children.

Early childhood caries and related factors in Vientiane, Lao PDR.

The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of early childhood caries and the oral health status in children aged 36-47 months in Vientiane, the capital city of Lao PDR. This study also aimed to assess the feeding practices, snack consumption, oral hygiene practices, and dental visits of children at this age. A total of 400 children were selected for oral examination and their caretakers were interviewed.

Clinical evaluation of 3Mix and Vitapex as treatment options for pulpally involved primary molars.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic success of 3Mix and Vitapex((R)) for root canal treatment of pulpally involved primary molars.

Methods: Fifty teeth from 37 healthy children aged 3-8 years with pulpally involved primary molars needing root canal procedures were treated with 3Mix or Vitapex((R)) before restoration with stainless steel crowns. The research employed a prospective single-blinded randomized design.

Remineralization of enamel subsurface lesions by xylitol chewing gum containing funoran and calcium hydrogenphosphate.

The aim of the present study was to determine the remineralization effects of xylitol chewing gum containing funoran and calcium hydrogenphosphate on enamel subsurface lesions in humans. The study was a double-blind, randomized, cross-over design, with 4 types of gum: (1) xylitol gum, (2) xylitol gum containing funoran and calcium hydrogenphosphate, (3) sugar gum, and (4) gum base as a control. Seven subjects were instructed to wear removable lingual appliances, with half-slab insets of human enamel containing demineralized subsurface lesions.

Salivary secretory IgA, pH, flow rates, mutans streptococci and Candida in children with rampant caries.

The aim of this study was to determine the levels of secretory IgA (SIgA), pH, flow rates, mutans streptococci (MS) and Candida in saliva of children with rampant caries compared to those caries-free. Thirty children (age 62-123 months) were enrolled and divided into two groups: Group I, children with rampant caries, Group II, caries-free children. The average salivary flow rate was measured from the volume yielded within 5 minutes and the pH was determined using a pH-electrode.

Comparative antioxidant activities of curcumin and its demethoxy and hydrogenated derivatives.

The antioxidant activities of curcumin, its natural demethoxy derivatives (demethoxycurcumin, Dmc and bisdemethoxycurcumin, Bdmc) and metabolite hydrogenated derivatives (tetrahydrocurcumin, THC; hexahydrocurcumin, HHC; octahydrocurcumin; OHC) were comparatively studied using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DDPH) radical, 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AAPH) induced linoleic oxidation and AAPH induced red blood cell hemolysis assays. Hydrogenated derivatives of curcumin exhibited stronger DPPH scavenging activity compared to curcumin and a reference antioxidant, trolox. The scavenging activity significantly decreased in the order THC>HHC=OHC>trolox>curcumin>Dmc>>>Bdmc.

Activity of azithromycin or erythromycin in combination with antimalarial drugs against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in vitro.

Azithromycin, an azalide analog of erythromycin was assayed for its in vitro activity against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum K1 strain by measuring the 3H-hypoxanthine incorporation. Azithromycin caused inhibitory effects on the parasite growth with IC50 and IC90 values of 8.4+/-1.

Potentiation of antimalarial drug action by chlorpheniramine against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in vitro.

Chlorpheniramine, a histamine H1 receptor antagonist, was assayed for in vitro antimalarial activity against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum K1 strain and chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum T9/94 clone, by measuring the 3H-hypoxanthine incorporation. Chlorphenirame inhibited P.

The effect of different milk formulas on dental plaque pH.

Objectives: The purposes of this study were (1) to investigate the effect of different milk formulas on dental plaque pH after rinsing with these three categories, type of protein-based formulas (milk-based, soy-based, protein hydrolysate), type of sugar (only lactose, lactose and other sugars, only non-milk extrinsic sugars), and casein ratio (high and low casein), and (2) to observe organic acids formed by different milk formulas.

Methods: Baseline plaque pH and plaque pH at 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 60 min after rinsing with milk formulas were recorded by a combination electrode in 14 healthy subjects. Deionized water and 10% sucrose were used as a negative and positive control.

Microtensile bond strength of a total-etching versus self-etching adhesive to caries-affected and intact dentin in primary teeth.

Background: The objec tives of this study were to determine microtensile bond strengths of two dentin adhesives and to compare the micromorphological structure of the resin/dentin interface in caries-affected dentin with that of intact dentin.

Methods: The authors randomly divided 40 proximal dentinal carious primary teeth and 40 noncarious anterior primary teeth into two groups (self-etching and total-etching). They used a caries-detecting dye as an indicator of the need to remove the outer carious dentin.

Plaque and saliva fluoride levels after placement of fluoride releasing pit and fissure sealants.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to investigate the fluoride levels in plaque and saliva before and after applying fluoride-containing pit and fissure sealants, and compare the fluoride release of 2 types of sealants at the different time intervals.

Methods: Eighteen children ages 6 to 9 years were randomly divided into 2 groups: Group 1--sealant containing fluorosilicate glass (Helioseal-F); and group 2--sealant containing methacryloyl fluoride-methyl methacrylate copolymer (Teethmate-F). Saliva and plaque samples were collected before and after the sealants were placed on their 4 first permanent molars.