Fish and shellfish allergy: Presentation and management differences in the UK and US-analysis of 945 patients.

Background: Seafood allergy (SA), including allergy to shellfish (crustacean and mollusks) and fish, is among the 4 most common food allergies causing anaphylaxis, but there are limited data showing SA clinical management in different countries.

Objective: We sought to characterize a large cohort of patients with fish and shellfish allergy and to facilitate standardization of future care for this increasingly common allergic disease.

Methods: We performed a retrospective, observational, noninterventional study from 945 patients from 2015 to 2019 in 7 hospitals in the United States and the United Kingdom to evaluate SA.

Polyethylene glycol hypersensitivity, patient outcomes in a 7-year retrospective study.

Background: Immediate IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to polyethylene glycol (PEG) are rare. Our understanding of PEG hypersensitivity is limited.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and investigation outcomes of the largest cohort of patients with PEG allergy reported.

Hypersensitivity reactions to proton pump inhibitors. An EAACI position paper.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are invaluable therapeutic options in a variety of dyspeptic diseases. In addition to their well-known risk profile, PPI consumption is related to food and environmental allergies, dysbiosis, osteoporosis, as well as immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs). The latter, although a rare event, around 1%-3%, due to the extraordinarily high rate of prescription and consumption of PPIs are related to a substantial risk.

Vitamin B Hypersensitivity: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Background: Vitamin B (Vit B) deficiency affects approximately 20% of those above the age of 60 years in the United Kingdom and United States. If untreated, it leads to detrimental health outcomes.

Objective: To investigate a cohort of patients with Vit B hypersensitivity (VB12H) referred to 3 UK allergy centers and design a pathway for the investigation of VB12H.

UCRAID (Ukrainian Citizen and refugee electronic support in Respiratory diseases, Allergy, Immunology and Dermatology) action plan.

Eight million Ukrainians have taken refuge in the European Union. Many have asthma and/or allergic rhinitis and/or urticaria, and around 100,000 may have a severe disease. Cultural and language barriers are a major obstacle to appropriate management.

Resistant Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria - A Case Series Narrative Review of Treatment Options.

Background: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) can be extremely debilitating to the patient and challenging for the treating clinician. The National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the United Kingdom (UK) recommendation of omalizumab for patients who fail to respond to high-dose anti-histamines has improved treatment options and quality of life. However, there is still lack of clear guidelines for treatment of patients resistant to standard and anti-IgE therapies.

Allergies and COVID-19 vaccines: An ENDA/EAACI Position paper.

Background: Anaphylaxis, which is rare, has been reported after COVID-19 vaccination, but its management is not standardized.

Method: Members of the European Network for Drug Allergy and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology interested in drug allergy participated in an online questionnaire on pre-vaccination screening and management of allergic reactions to COVID-19 vaccines, and literature was analysed.

Results: No death due to anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines has been confirmed in scientific literature.

Piperacillin-Tazobactam Hypersensitivity: A Large, Multicenter Analysis.

Background: Piperacillin/tazobactam is a broad-spectrum penicillin. Hypersensitivity reactions are less commonly reported than with other penicillins except in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Objective: Detailed clinical characterization of a patient cohort referred with suspected piperacillin-tazobactam hypersensitivity.

Beta-lactam-induced immediate hypersensitivity reactions: A genome-wide association study of a deeply phenotyped cohort.

Background: β-lactam antibiotics are associated with a variety of immune-mediated or hypersensitivity reactions, including immediate (type I) reactions mediated by antigen-specific IgE.

Objective: We sought to identify genetic predisposing factors for immediate reactions to β-lactam antibiotics.

Methods: Patients with a clinical history of immediate hypersensitivity reactions to either penicillins or cephalosporins, which were immunologically confirmed, were recruited from allergy clinics.

Chronic urticaria in the real-life clinical practice setting in the UK: results from the noninterventional multicentre AWARE study.

Background: Chronic urticaria (CU) is a skin condition characterized by repeated occurrence of itchy weals and/or angio-oedema for > 6 weeks.

Aim: To provide data demonstrating the real-life burden of CU in the UK.

Methods: This UK subset of the worldwide, prospective, noninterventional AWARE study included patients aged 18-75 years diagnosed with H1-antihistamine (H1-AH)-refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) for > 2 months.

Towards a more precise diagnosis of hypersensitivity to beta-lactams - an EAACI position paper.

A recent survey of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) Drug Allergy Interest Group (DAIG) on how European allergy specialists deal with beta-lactam (BL) hypersensitivity demonstrated a significant heterogeneity in current practice, suggesting the need to review and update existing EAACI guidelines in order to make the diagnostic procedures as safe and accurate, but also as cost-effective, as possible. For this purpose, a bibliographic search on large studies regarding BL hypersensitivity diagnosis was performed by an EAACI task force, which reviewed and evaluated the literature data using the GRADE system for quality of evidence and strength of recommendation. The updated guidelines provide a risk stratification in BL hypersensitivity according to index reaction(s), as well as an algorithmic approach, based on cross-reactivity studies, in patients with a suspicion of BL hypersensitivity and an immediate need for antibiotic therapy, when referral to an allergist is not feasible.

The role of mobile health technologies in allergy care: An EAACI position paper.

Mobile health (mHealth) uses mobile communication devices such as smartphones and tablet computers to support and improve health-related services, data and information flow, patient self-management, surveillance, and disease management from the moment of first diagnosis to an optimized treatment. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology created a task force to assess the state of the art and future potential of mHealth in allergology. The task force endorsed the "Be He@lthy, Be Mobile" WHO initiative and debated the quality, usability, efficiency, advantages, limitations, and risks of mobile solutions for allergic diseases.

Flucloxacillin Hypersensitivity: Patient Outcomes in a Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: Flucloxacillin is a narrow-spectrum, beta-lactamase-resistant penicillin. Type I (IgE-mediated) and type IV (T-cell-mediated) reactions are less frequently reported than with other penicillins.

Objective: To undertake a detailed clinical characterization of a cohort of patients referred with suspected flucloxacillin hypersensitivity.

Hydrogen Peroxide Oxygenation of Furan-2-carbaldehyde via an Easy, Green Method.

Derivatives of 2(5 H)-furanone (γ-crotonolactone) are important intermediate synthetic products with a wide range of biological effects that have become widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, medicine, and veterinary medicine, in particular in the prevention and treatment of fish diseases. However, the environmental issue of obtaining these compounds while reducing the negative impact on the surrounding environment remains relevant. This article describes for the first time a method of γ-crotonolactone synthesis that is based on the concept of green chemistry.

A EAACI drug allergy interest group survey on how European allergy specialists deal with β-lactam allergy.

An accurate diagnosis of β-lactam (BL) allergy can reduce patient morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to investigate the availability of BL reagents, their use and test procedures in different parts of Europe, as well as any differences in the diagnostic workups for evaluating subjects with BL hypersensitivity. A survey was emailed to all members of the EAACI Drug Allergy Interest Group (DAIG) between February and April 2016, and the questionnaire was meant to study the management of suspected BL hypersensitivity.

A Multicenter Evaluation of Diagnosis and Management of Omega-5 Gliadin Allergy (Also Known as Wheat-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis) in 132 Adults.

Background: Omega-5 gliadin allergy (also known as wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis) is a rare allergy to wheat that often presents with intermittent severe anaphylaxis in the context of a cofactor, such as exercise.

Objective: To undertake a detailed clinical characterization of the largest cohort of patients with omega-5 gliadin allergy to date.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the demographic characteristics, presentation, investigation, and management of 132 patients presenting with omega-5 gliadin allergy in 4 UK centers.

Angioedema in chronic spontaneous urticaria is underdiagnosed and has a substantial impact: Analyses from ASSURE-CSU.

Background: ASSURE-CSU revealed differences in physician and patient reporting of angioedema. This post hoc analysis was conducted to evaluate the actual rate of angioedema in the study population and explore differences between patients with and without angioedema.

Methods: This international observational study assessed 673 patients with inadequately controlled chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU).

National clinical practice guidelines for allergen immunotherapy: An international assessment applying AGREE-II.

Background: Since 1988, numerous allergen immunotherapy guidelines (AIT-GLs) have been developed by national and international organizations to guide physicians in AIT. Even so, AIT is still severely underused.

Objective: To evaluate AIT-GLs with AGREE-II, developed in 2010 by McMaster University methodologists to comprehensively evaluate GL quality.

The burden of chronic spontaneous urticaria is substantial: Real-world evidence from ASSURE-CSU.

Background: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) can be debilitating, difficult to treat, and frustrating for patients and physicians. Real-world evidence for the burden of CSU is limited. The objective of this study was to document disease duration, treatment history, and disease activity, as well as impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and work among patients with inadequately controlled CSU, and to describe its humanistic, societal, and economic burden.

Clinical approach on challenge and desensitization procedures with aspirin in patients with ischemic heart disease and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug hypersensitivity.

Background: Hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) constitutes a serious problem for subjects with coronary artery disease. In such subjects, physicians have to choose the more appropriate procedure between challenge and desensitization. As the literature on this issue is sparse, this study aimed to establish in these subjects clinical criteria for eligibility for an ASA challenge and/or desensitization.