Senescence in neural cell lines: comparative insights from SH-SY5Y and ReNcell VM.

Senescence, a crucial yet paradoxical phenomenon in cellular biology, acts as a barrier against cancer progression while simultaneously promoting aging and age-related pathologies. This duality underlines the importance of precise monitoring of senescence response, especially with regard to the proposed use of drugs selectively removing senescent cells. In particular, little is known about the role of senescence in neurons and in neurodegenerative diseases.

Characterization of a novel model for atherosclerosis imaging: the apolipoprotein E-deficient rat.

Background: The apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE) mouse is a well-established model for studying atherosclerosis. However, its small size limits its use in longitudinal positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies. Recently, the apoE rat has emerged as an alternative.

Selective Hepatic Knockout Aggravates Liver Damage, Endothelial Dysfunction and ROS Stress in Mice Fed a Western Diet.

Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) is highly expressed in the liver, and deficiencies in lead to hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCy) and disturbed production of antioxidants such as hydrogen sulfide. We therefore hypothesized that liver-specific deficient (LiCKO) mice would be particularly susceptible to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD was induced by a high-fat high-cholesterol (HFC) diet; LiCKO and controls were split into eight groups based on genotype (con, LiCKO), diet (normal diet, HFC), and diet duration (12 weeks, 20 weeks).

Validation of an ex vivo Flow Model Including Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Study the Effects of Endovascular Treatments on the Arterial Wall.

Endovascular revascularization is the preferred treatment for peripheral arterial disease. Restenosis often occurs as a response to procedure-induced arterial damage. Reducing vascular injury during endovascular revascularization may improve its success rate.

Homozygous whole body Cbs knockout in adult mice features minimal pathology during ageing despite severe homocysteinemia.

Deficiencies in Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) lead to hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCy), which is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular, bone and neurological disease. Moreover, CBS is important for the production of cysteine, hydrogen sulfide (H S) and glutathione. Studying the biological role of CBS in adult mice has been severely hampered by embryological disturbances and perinatal mortality.

Perivascular adipose tissue-derived nitric oxide compensates endothelial dysfunction in aged pre-atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-deficient rats.

Background And Aims: Atherosclerosis is a major contributor to global mortality and is accompanied by vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is an established regulator of vascular function with emerging implications in atherosclerosis. We investigated the modulation of aortic relaxation by PVAT in aged rats with apolipoprotein E deficiency (ApoE) fed a high-fat diet as a model of early atherosclerosis.

Towards prevention of ischemia-reperfusion kidney injury: Pre-clinical evaluation of 6-chromanol derivatives and the lead compound SUL-138.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global healthcare burden attributable to high mortality and staggering costs of dialysis. The underlying causes of AKI include hypothermia and rewarming (H/R), ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species production. Inspired by the mechanisms conferring organ protection in hibernating hamster, 6-chromanol derived compounds were developed to address the need of effective prevention and treatment of AKI.

The (R)-enantiomer of the 6-chromanol derivate SUL-121 improves renal graft perfusion via antagonism of the α-adrenoceptor.

SUL-compounds are protectants from cold-induced ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. We discovered that adding SUL-121 to renal grafts during warm machine reperfusion elicits a rapid improvement in perfusion parameters. Therefore, we investigate the molecular mechanisms of action in porcine intrarenal arteries (PIRA).

The Novel Compound Sul-121 Preserves Endothelial Function and Inhibits Progression of Kidney Damage in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Mice.

Diabetic nephropathy is still a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and improvement of endothelial dysfunction (ED) and inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered important targets for new therapies. Recently, we developed a new class of compounds (Sul compounds) which inhibit mitochondrial ROS production. Here, we tested the therapeutic effects of Sul-121 on ED and kidney damage in experimental T2DM.

Ubiquinol improves symptoms in children with autism.

Background: Autism is a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders with manifestation within 3 years after birth. Manifestations of autism include behavior problems (hyperactivity, toys destruction, self-harm, and aggression) and sleep and eating disorders. Etiology of autism is poorly understood.