Seismic history of western Anatolia during the last 16 kyr determined by cosmogenic Cl dating.

Unlabelled: Western Anatolia is one of the most seismically active regions worldwide. To date, the paleoseismic history of many major faults, in terms of recurrence intervals of destructive earthquakes, their magnitude, displacement, and slip rates is poorly understood. Regional crustal extension has produced major horst-graben systems bounded by kilometer-scale normal faults locally in carbonates, along which vertical crustal displacements occurred.

Nonuniform Late Pleistocene glacier fluctuations in tropical Eastern Africa.

Today's ice caps and glaciers in Africa are restricted to the highest peaks, but during the Pleistocene, several mountains on the continent were extensively glaciated. However, little is known about regional differences in the timing and extent of past glaciations and the impact of paleoclimatic changes on the afro-alpine environment and settlement history. Here, we present a glacial chronology for the Ethiopian Highlands in comparison with other East African Mountains.

Fault Scarp Dating Tool - a MATLAB code for fault scarp dating using in-situ chlorine-36 supplemented with datasets of Yavansu and Kalafat faults.

We publish a MATLAB code used to analyze concentration profile of cosmogenic Cl accumulated in-situ through a rupture history of the fault scarps in western Turkey (Mozafari et al., 2019). The code is a version of the forward modeling Matlab code -Fault Scarp Dating Tool- (Tikhomirov, 2014).

Middle Stone Age foragers resided in high elevations of the glaciated Bale Mountains, Ethiopia.

Studies of early human settlement in alpine environments provide insights into human physiological, genetic, and cultural adaptation potentials. Although Late and even Middle Pleistocene human presence has been recently documented on the Tibetan Plateau, little is known regarding the nature and context of early persistent human settlement in high elevations. Here, we report the earliest evidence of a prehistoric high-altitude residential site.

Fast long-term denudation rate of steep alpine headwalls inferred from cosmogenic Cl depth profiles.

Quantifications of in-situ denudation rates on vertical headwalls, averaged over millennia, have been thwarted because of inaccessibility. Here, we benefit from a tunnel crossing a large and vertical headwall in the European Alps (Eiger), where we measured concentrations of in-situ cosmogenic Cl along five depth profiles linking the tunnel with the headwall surface. Isotopic concentrations of Cl are low in surface samples, but high at depth relative to expectance for their position.

Be-inferred paleo-denudation rates imply that the mid-Miocene western central Andes eroded as slowly as today.

Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide concentrations of detrital minerals yield catchment-wide rates at which hillslopes erode. These estimates are commonly used to infer millennial scale denudation patterns and to identify the main controls on mass-balance and landscape evolution at orogenic scale. The same approach can be applied to minerals preserved in stratigraphic records of rivers, although extracting reliable paleo-denudation rates from Ma-old archives can be limited by the target nuclide's half-life and by exposure to cosmic radiations after deposition.