Impact of Anemia on Clinical Outcomes in Atrial Fibrillation Patients on Oral Anticoagulants: A Prognostic Meta-Analysis.

Background: Anemia is frequently observed as a comorbidity in atrial fibrillation (AF), especially in elderly patients and in those on anticoagulation. This has been associated with poor clinical outcomes. We aim to investigate the impact of anemia on clinical outcomes in patients with AF on oral anticoagulation.

Utilizing PROSE as a Drug Delivery Device for Preservative-Free Cyclosporine 0.05% for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the tolerability of utilizing Prosthetic Replacement of the Ocular Surface Ecosystem (PROSE) as a drug delivery device for preservative-free cyclosporine 0.05% for the treatment of dry eye disease.

Patients And Methods: Fourteen current daily PROSE wearers were enrolled, with four screen failures and one subject that did not complete the study protocol due to burning and stinging.

Transcaval access for transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background: Anatomical factors may preclude transfemoral (TF) arterial access for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Transcaval (TCav) access has been utilized as an alternative access for these patients. We aimed to investigate the outcomes of TCav access in patients undergoing TAVI.

Predictors of stigma perception by people with type 1 diabetes: A cross-sectional analysis of the BETTER registry.

Aims: This study investigates stigma predictors across ages and genders, addressing a critical gap in understanding diverse populations to reduce related suboptimal clinical and psychosocial outcomes.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of self-reported data from BETTER, a Canadian registry of people with type 1 diabetes. Participants (n = 709) completed the 19-item-Diabetes-Stigma Assessment-Scale (DSAS-1) categorized into treated differently, blame and judgment, and identity concerns sub-scales.

A Real‑World Pharmacovigilance Study of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) for Mavacamten.

Background: Mavacamten is a first-in-class cardiac myosin inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). This pharmacovigilance study aimed to assess mavacamten-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the real world as reported in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: We conducted disproportionality analyses with four signal detection algorithms-reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, and the multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker to identify mavacamten-related ADRs.

Patterns of Gestational Hypertension or Preeclampsia Across 2 Pregnancies in Relationship to Chronic Hypertension Development: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Gestational hypertension (GHTN) and preeclampsia are established risk indicators for chronic hypertension. While recurrence is associated with a greater risk, it is unclear whether there are differences in risk when these gestational complications occur for the first time in an earlier pregnancy versus first occurrence in a subsequent one. We hypothesized that the absence of recurrence reflects a transition toward a lower hypertension risk trajectory, whereas a new occurrence in a later pregnancy indicates a transition toward elevated risk.

Incident Diabetes in Women With Patterns of Gestational Diabetes Occurrences Across 2 Pregnancies.

Importance: Gestational diabetes is a type 2 diabetes risk indicator, and recurrence further augments risk. In women with a single occurrence across 2 pregnancies, it is unclear whether first- vs second-pregnancy gestational diabetes differ in terms of risk.

Objective: To compare the hazards of incident diabetes among those with gestational diabetes in the first, in the second, and in both pregnancies with women without gestational diabetes in either.

A 22-year single institution review of 119 cases of salivary duct carcinoma.

Objective: Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare and aggressive salivary gland malignancy. Herein, we present the largest single-institution review of SDC to date.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of all histologically confirmed cases of SDC seen at our institution from January 1, 2002, to August 1, 2022.

Online Educational Resources for Youth Living With Type 1 Diabetes Transitioning to Adult Care: An Environmental Scan of Canadian Content.

Objectives: There are many educational resources for adolescents and young adults living with type 1 diabetes; however, it is unknown whether they address the breadth of topics related to transition to adult care. Our aim in this study was to collect educational resources relevant to Canadian youth and assess their quality and comprehensiveness in addressing the knowledge necessary for youth to prepare for interdependent management of their diabetes.

Methods: We conducted an environmental scan, a systematic assessment and analysis, of online education resources in English and French relevant to Canadian youth living with type 1 diabetes.

Genetic Analysis of the Emerging Citrus Yellow Vein Clearing Virus Reveals a Divergent Virus Population in American Isolates.

is a previously reported citrus virus from Asia with widespread distribution in China. In 2022, the California Department of Food and Agriculture conducted a multipest citrus survey targeting multiple citrus pathogens including citrus yellow vein clearing virus (CYVCV). In March 2022, a lemon tree with symptoms of vein clearing, chlorosis, and mottling in a private garden in the city of Tulare, California, tested positive for CYVCV, which triggered an intensive survey in the surrounding areas.

Supporting and Incentivizing Peer Leaders for an Internet-Based Private Peer Community for Youths With Type 1 Diabetes: Social Network and Directed Content Analysis.

Background: Youths with type 1 diabetes (T1D) frequently experience stigma. Internet-based peer communities can mitigate this through social support but require leaders to catalyze exchange. Whether nurturing potential leaders translates into a central role has not been well studied.

Considering gestational diabetes and gestational hypertension history across two pregnancies in relationship to cardiovascular disease development: A retrospective cohort study.

Aims: Gestational diabetes (GDM) and hypertension (GHTN) occurrences signal elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. There is little study of occurrence and recurrence of these conditions in relationship to CVD. Among women with two singleton pregnancies, we aimed to quantify CVD risk in relationship to the number of GDM/GHTN occurrences.

Case report: Concomitant use of nightly vitamin A ointment with daily PROSE wear for ocular surface disease associated with chronic Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Purpose: To describe a case of chronic ocular surface disease associated with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) in which the addition of nightly topical ophthalmic preservative free vitamin A ointment to the daily use of a customized ocular surface prosthetic device (PROSE) appears to mitigate disease progression.

Observations: A 51-year-old female with SJS secondary to lamotrigine use presented for follow up evaluation. Ocular history was significant for acute SJS twenty-four years prior with chronic ocular surface sequelae predominantly affecting the left eye.

Qualitative study exploring the perspectives of emerging adults with type 1 diabetes after transfer to adult care from a paediatric diabetes centre in Montreal, Canada.

Introduction: Among youth living with type 1 diabetes (T1D), the increasing demands to diabetes self-care and medical follow-up during the transition from paediatric to adult care has been associated with greater morbidity and mortality. Inadequate healthcare support for youth during the transition care period could exacerbate psychosocial risks and difficulties that are common during emerging adulthood. The current investigation sought to explore the post-transfer perceptions of emerging adults living with T1D relating to their transition to adult care.

Diabetes duration, perceived comfort with self-management and glycaemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A cross-sectional study.

Aims: Evidence is lacking on whether diabetes duration is associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D) self-management during late adolescence before transfer from paediatric to adult care. We examined associations of diabetes duration with dimensions of perceived comfort with diabetes self-management (self-efficacy, transition readiness, diabetes distress) and glycaemic control in late adolescence.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we conducted a secondary analysis of baseline data of adolescents (ages 16-17 years) with T1D followed at paediatric diabetes academic hospitals in Montreal and enrolled in the Group Education Trial to Improve Transition (GET-IT-T1D).

Use of Coronary Artery Calcium Quantification and Distribution for Coronary Vascular Disease Risk Reclassification in a Primary Prevention Setting.

In a large screening program of asymptomatic middle-aged individuals, we sought to assess the degree of risk reclassification provided by comparing multiethnic study on subclinical atherosclerosis coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) versus atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and Reynolds risk score (RRS) score. All 5,324 consecutive patients (aged 57 ± 8 years, 76% male) who underwent CACS screening at the Cleveland Clinic as part of a primary prevention executive health between March 16 and October 21 were included. The 10-year ASCVD, RRS, and multiethnic study on subclinical atherosclerosis CACS (MESA-CACS) risk scores were calculated and categorized as <1, 1 to 4.

Understanding Whether and How a Digital Health Intervention Improves Transition Care for Emerging Adults Living With Type 1 Diabetes: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Realist Evaluation.

Background: Emerging adults living with type 1 diabetes (T1D) face a series of challenges with self-management and decreased health system engagement, leading to an increased risk of acute complications and hospital admissions. Effective and scalable strategies are needed to support this population to transfer seamlessly from pediatric to adult care with sufficient self-management capability. While digital health interventions for T1D self-management are a promising strategy, it remains unclear which elements work, how, and for which groups of individuals.

Socioeconomic Disparities in Glycemic Management in Children and Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: In Canada, few studies have addressed health inequalities in type 1 diabetes (T1D) outcomes. In this study, we examined the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and glycemic management in children with T1D and determine whether technology use (insulin pumps or continuous glucose monitoring [CGM]), diabetes-related physician visits, and depressive symptoms modified the association.

Methods: This work was a retrospective cohort study using the Montréal Children's Hospital Pediatric Diabetes Database of children 0 to 18 years old, diagnosed with T1D for ≥1 year, and with a hospital visit between November 2019 and October 2020.

Association Between Psychosocial Risk Factors and Readmissions After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Role of COVID-19 Pandemic.

Psychosocial risk factors (PSRFs) are known to be associated with worse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. However, there are limited data on the impact of PSRFs on readmissions after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) before and during the COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to examine this association and whether the effects of PSRFs were amplified during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Association of stigma, diabetes distress and self-efficacy with quality of life in adolescents with type 1 diabetes preparing to transition to adult care.

Aims: In type 1 diabetes (T1D), psychosocial factors may impact quality of life (QOL) and clinical outcomes, but remain understudied, particularly during late adolescence. Our aim was to determine whether stigma, diabetes distress and self-efficacy are associated with QOL in adolescents with T1D as they are preparing to transition to adult care.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of adolescents (ages 16-17 years) with T1D participating in the Group Education Trial to Improve Transition (GET-IT) in Montreal, Canada.

Association of Psychosocial Risk Factors and Outcomes in Heart Failure: Does COVID-19 Affect Outcomes?

Psychosocial risk factors (PSRFs) have emerged as crucial nontraditional risk factors affecting outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). There is a paucity of data studying these risk factors in HF nationally. Additionally, whether the COVID-19 pandemic impacted outcomes remains unexplored, given the increased psychosocial risk during these times.