Publications by authors named "Nakazono M"

Background: The JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial demonstrated improved overall survival (OS) with maintenance avelumab in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma UC (la/mUC) who achieved disease control following first-line platinum-based chemotherapy (1 L-PBC). However, real-world data on eligibility, utilization, and outcomes of maintenance avelumab therapy remain limited.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with la/mUC who received 1 L-PBC.

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Lack of O and high concentrations of iron (Fe) are common in flooded soils where Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is cultivated. We tested the hypothesis that growing in stagnant or high Fe conditions might induce the formation of apoplastic barriers in roots with different properties and chemical compositions.

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Background/aim: Post-gastrectomy lean body mass (LBM) decrease has a significant negative impact on postoperative survival in patients with cancer. This study investigated the effect of intake of at least one-third of the daily protein requirement at breakfast on the maintenance of LBM in patients during the first month post-gastrectomy.

Patients And Methods: Among patients with gastric cancer who underwent curative distal gastrectomy between April 2011 and December 2018, without adjuvant chemotherapy, we evaluated 401 patients who had consumed more than the daily protein requirement in the first month postoperatively, using the FFQW82 nutrition intake questionnaire.

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  • High-throughput phenotyping can streamline breeding cycles and reduce costs, focusing on biomass-related traits in soybean using UAV remote sensing and deep learning.
  • In a 2018 field experiment with 198 soybean accessions, a convolutional neural network (CNN) was used to accurately estimate traits like dry weight and plant height from UAV-collected data.
  • The study showed that deep learning could identify strong correlations between input data and phenotypic traits, highlighting the potential use of these insights in improving breeding practices.
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  • Rice plants develop an apoplastic barrier in their roots to limit oxygen loss during flooding, which helps maintain root growth in low-oxygen soils.
  • Researchers tested the role of the Leaf Gas Film 1 (LGF1) gene in forming this barrier by comparing a rice mutant lacking LGF1, its wild type, and a variant with increased LGF1 expression.
  • The study found that the mutant had a weaker barrier to oxygen loss, but restoring LGF1 function significantly improved barrier strength, linked to higher glycerol ester levels in root cells.
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  • The study examined postoperative dietary intake differences between men and women after surgery for early gastric cancer.
  • Participants had their dietary intake assessed before surgery and one and three months after, revealing significant differences in caloric intake between the sexes at these intervals.
  • While the rate of dietary intake loss was similar for both genders after surgery, the overall dietary intake levels were significantly different, suggesting the need for tailored nutritional support post-surgery.
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CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE (CDPK) stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent signaling by activating RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG (RBOH). The lysigenous aerenchyma is a gas space created by cortical cell death that facilitates oxygen diffusion from the shoot to the root tips. Previously, we showed that RBOHH is indispensable for the induction of aerenchyma formation in rice (Oryza sativa) roots under low-oxygen conditions.

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  • - The study aims to evaluate the prognostic immune and nutritional index (PINI) as a marker for esophageal cancer patients who received curative treatment, based on data collected from patients at Yokohama City University from 2005 to 2020.
  • - Analysis of 180 patients shows that those with a low PINI (≤3.0) had significantly poorer survival rates compared to those with a high PINI, making it a strong independent prognostic factor for overall and recurrence-free survival.
  • - The findings suggest that PINI may serve as a valuable nutritional and inflammatory marker, potentially guiding treatment and management strategies for esophageal cancer patients.
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  • A systematic review showed that a specific histological variant of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) leads to worse outcomes compared to pure UTUC.
  • This study examined 824 Japanese patients with UTUC to assess how variant histology impacts disease severity and patient survival after surgery.
  • Results indicated that while variant histology was linked to worse recurrence and survival rates, its significance diminished when other factors were considered, suggesting it may not provide additional prognostic value in Japanese patients.
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Background/aim: The CRP-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index is a promising biomarker. We clarified the clinical impact of the CALLY index in gastric cancer patients who received curative treatment.

Patients And Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent curative resection for gastric cancer at Yokohama City University from 2005 to 2020 were selected based on medical records.

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We proposed models to predict the effects of genomic and environmental factors on daily soybean growth and applied them to soybean growth data obtained with unmanned aerial vehicles. Advances in high-throughput phenotyping technology have made it possible to obtain time-series plant growth data in field trials, enabling genotype-by-environment interaction (G × E) modeling of plant growth. Although the reaction norm is an effective method for quantitatively evaluating G × E and has been implemented in genomic prediction models, no reaction norm models have been applied to plant growth data.

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Background/aim: The albumin-globulin ratio (AGR) is a useful biomarker for predicting postoperative complications and a poor prognosis in patients with various types of cancer and can be evaluated without invasive testing or surgery. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the AGR in predicting the short- and long-term prognoses of patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical resection at our institution.

Patients And Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort analysis in which eligible patients were selected from the medical records of patients who underwent radical resection for gastric cancer at Yokohama City University from 2000 to 2020 and their medical records were reviewed.

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  • Gastric cancer is a significant global health issue, particularly in East Asia, leading to this study's evaluation of the modified Neutrophil-Platelet Score (mNPS) as a predictor of survival and recurrence in patients.
  • The research focused on 168 patients who had curative gastrectomy and adjuvant treatment, finding that those with a low mNPS (0) had significantly better overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) compared to those with a high mNPS (≥1).
  • The study concluded that mNPS could be an important prognostic marker, with higher scores indicating poorer long-term outcomes in gastric cancer patients.
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Background/aim: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of the Naples Prognostic Score (NPS) in patients with gastric cancer and to clarify the potential of the NPS as a nutritional and inflammation evaluation system.

Patients And Methods: This study included 158 patients who underwent curative treatment for gastric cancer between 2005 and 2020. The prognosis and clinical pathological parameters of the high-NPS (NPS >2) and low-NPS (NPS=0, 1) groups were analyzed.

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  • * Lab tests showed fungal hyphae leading to the identification of Trichophyton indotineae as the cause of her condition, resulting in a diagnosis of tinea faciei with steroid rosacea.
  • * Treatment was initiated with oral itraconazole, highlighting a concern for increasing T. indotineae infections and the risks of self-medication among foreign populations living in different countries.
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  • The study investigates the impact of the CRP-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index on the outcomes of patients with esophageal cancer receiving curative treatment.
  • Results showed that patients with a high CALLY index had significantly better overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates compared to those with a low index.
  • The CALLY index also correlated with lower rates of postoperative complications like anastomotic leakage, highlighting its potential as a useful prognostic biomarker for managing esophageal cancer.
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Background/aim: This study aimed to compare dietary intake (DI) after gastrectomy for gastric cancer between patients with (C group) and without (NC group) postoperative surgical complications.

Patients And Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer. DI was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire with 82 food items (FFQW82) during nutritional counseling before surgery and at one and three months after surgery.

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A 78-year-old man was aware of lightheadedness and darkness at a routine outpatient visit, and his blood pressure was declined at 87/51 mmHg. Contrast-enhanced CT scan showed an extravascular leakage image at jejunum. We diagnosed as small intestinal hemorrhage.

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  • A 77-year-old man presented with nausea and chest discomfort, leading to the diagnosis of extrahepatic bile duct cancer through CT scans and cytology tests.
  • After undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy, he was diagnosed with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma at Stage IIIA, but did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy.
  • Despite undergoing three lines of chemotherapy, the patient developed multiple liver metastases and died 1 year and 3 months post-surgery, highlighting the poor prognosis associated with this type of cancer.
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  • - Nutritropism refers to how plant roots grow toward nutrients, specifically how rice roots bend and coil around ammonium (NH4+) sources due to a gradient of this nutrient.
  • - The study analyzed the gene expression in different parts of bending root tips to understand how rice roots respond to nutrient signals, revealing distinct transcription patterns between the tissues facing the nutrients and those away from them.
  • - It was found that auxin, gibberellin, and ethylene hormones play significant roles in this process, and that auxins accumulate more in the side of roots facing the ammonium sources, suggesting that the nutrient signal is converted into hormonal responses similar to how roots respond to gravity.
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In plants, mitogen activated protein kinases (MPKs) are involved in various signaling pathways that lead to biotic and abiotic responses as well as that regulate developmental processes. Among them, MPK6 and its closely related homologue, MPK3, act redundantly and are known to be involved in asymmetric cell divisions of meristemoid mother cells in stomata development and of zygotes in . Loss-of-function mutants of /, which is an orthologue of in rice, showed a defect in polarity establishment in early stage of embryogenesis.

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Background/aim: Dietary intake (DI) loss after gastrectomy is a serious problem for patients with gastric cancer. This study compared the dietary intake after surgery in patients with early gastric cancer who received laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG) versus those who underwent conventional open distal gastrectomy (ODG).

Patients And Methods: This was a prospective, observational study enrolling patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

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Background/aim: We evaluated the clinical impact of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) in patients who received curative treatment and perioperative adjuvant treatment. We also investigated the association between the GNRI and the clinicopathological features of patients with GC.

Patients And Methods: This study included 280 patients who underwent curative treatment for GC between 2005 and 2020.

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  • * A study analyzed 895 patients who underwent nephroureterectomy for UTUC, categorizing them into two groups: those eligible for adjuvant immunotherapy and those not eligible, and evaluated their oncological outcomes through statistical models.
  • * Findings indicated that the group eligible for adjuvant immunotherapy had poorer recurrence-free, cancer-specific, and overall survival rates, with pathological grades and lymphovascular invasion serving as significant risk factors for survival outcomes.
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