Objective: To examine the association between environmental barriers and unmet rehabilitation needs during chronic recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI) in persons discharged from inpatient rehabilitation.
Setting: Five Veterans Affairs Polytrauma Rehabilitation Centers.
Design: Cohort study of Veterans Affairs TBI Model Systems study participants who completed a 10 or 15 year follow up (N = 474).
Objective: To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI), newly developed sleep disorders and functional outcome after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI).
Methods: Retrospective data from the TBI Model Systems National Database was analyzed, focusing on the independent association between BMI, sleep disorder diagnosis, and functional outcome as measured by the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) at 1-year post-injury. Linear and logistic regression were used.
Objective: To describe the self-reported needs of family caregivers of service members and veterans (SMVs) with traumatic brain injury (TBI) at 10 to 15 years post-injury and to identify unique predictors of unmet family needs.
Setting: Five Department of Veterans Affairs Polytrauma Rehabilitation Centers.
Participants: A total of 209 family caregivers of SMVs with TBI from the VA TBI Model Systems national database who completed a 10- or 15-year follow-up assessment.
Objective: To estimate cost models of military traumatic brain injury (TBI) that can provide evidence for future cost-effectiveness analyses highlighted as a gap in the recent National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) report on accelerating progress in TBI.
Setting: Military Treatment Facilities (MTFs) and community care facilities within the Military Health System (MHS).
Participants: 1,101 service members/veterans (SMV) diagnosed with a TBI and treated at a Veterans Administration (VA) Polytrauma Rehabilitation Center (PRC).
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with structural and functional brain changes and cognitive impairment in sleep clinic samples. Persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at increased risk of OSA compared to community samples, and many experience chronic cognitive disability. However, the impact of OSA on cognitive outcome after TBI is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Special Operations Forces (SOF) have become the solution to many of the United States military challenges due to their ability to conduct time sensitive, clandestine, and high-risk missions. Historically, SOF were assumed to be resilient to the psychological sequelae of war, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the objective burden of PTSD in SOF, particularly after traumatic brain injury (TBI), remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTraumatic brain injury (TBI) clinical practice guidelines for pain management and rehabilitation support the use of nonpharmacologic complementary and integrative health (CIH) modalities, such as acupuncture for remediating pain. Barriers to delivering CIH modalities, such as acupuncture warrant examination. The objective of this study is to explore provider perspectives on challenges to accessing acupuncture treatment for chronic pain in persons with TBI and describe differences across health care settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To examine, among persons discharged from inpatient rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury (TBI), the degree to which pre-TBI factors were associated with post-TBI hospitalization for psychiatric reasons. The authors hypothesized that pre-TBI psychiatric hospitalization and other pre-TBI mental health treatment would predict post-TBI psychiatric hospitalization following rehabilitation discharge, up to 5 years post-TBI.
Setting: Five Veterans Affairs Polytrauma Rehabilitation Centers.
Background: The responsibility of care for Veterans and Service Members (V/SMs) with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often defaults to informal family caregivers. Caregiving demands considerable knowledge, skill, and support to facilitate the health and well-being of V/SMs and themselves. Persistent and common TBI caregiver issues include strain, depression, and anxiety.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: A partnered evaluation project with Veterans Health Administration Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation program office uses a partner-engaged approach to characterize and evaluate the national implementation of traumatic brain injury (TBI)Intensive Evaluation and Treatment Program (IETP).
Objective: This paper illustrates a partner-engaged approach to contextualizing the IETP within an implementation research logic model (IRLM) to inform program sustainment and spread.
Setting: The project was conducted at five IETP sites: Tampa, Richmond, San Antonio, Palo Alto, and Minneapolis.
Objective: We sought to elicit key informant (KI) perspectives regarding decisional needs of Veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) who are initiating insomnia disorder and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Polytrauma/TBI System of Care (PSC). Specifically, we sought to understand: (1) information regarding treatment options that Veterans with mTBI require in order to make an informed decision; and (2) values used to guide decision-making (ie, personally meaningful aspects of the decision used to compare treatment options).
Setting: Nationwide VHA PSC sites.
Few studies have examined long-term mortality following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a military population. This is a secondary analysis of a prospective, longitudinal study that examines long-term mortality (up to 10 years) post-TBI, including analyses of life expectancy, causes of death, and risk factors for death in service members and veterans (SM/V) who survived the acute TBI and inpatient rehabilitation. Among 922 participants in the study, the mortality rate was 8.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study evaluates the use of the crosswalk between the PTSD Checklist-Civilian (PCL-C) and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) designed by Moshier et al. (2019) in a sample of service members and veterans (SM/V; N = 298) who had sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and were receiving inpatient rehabilitation. The PCL-C and PCL-5 were completed at the same time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess the cost-effectiveness of alternative approaches to diagnose and treat obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) during inpatient rehabilitation.
Setting: Data collected during the Comparison of Sleep Apnea Assessment Strategies to Maximize TBI Rehabilitation Participation and Outcome (C-SAS) clinical trial (NCT03033901) on an inpatient rehabilitation TBI cohort were used in this study.
Study Design: Decision tree analysis was used to determine the cost-effectiveness of approaches to diagnosing and treating sleep apnea.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common, underdiagnosed sleep-related breathing disorder with serious health implications Objective - We propose a deep transfer learning approach for sleep stage classification and sleep apnea (SA) detection using wrist-worn consumer sleep technologies (CST). Methods - Our model is based on a deep convolutional neural network (DNN) utilizing accelerometers and photo-plethysmography signals from nocturnal recordings. The DNN was trained and tested on internal datasets that include raw data from clinical and wrist-worn devices; external validation was performed on a hold-out test dataset containing raw data from a wrist-worn CST.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To understand factors influencing adherence to recommended treatment for insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) among Veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Method: Semi-structured interviews ( = 49) with 29 clinical stakeholders and 20 Veterans were conducted. Clinical stakeholders included Veterans Health Administration providers and policymakers involved in the management of mTBI and/or sleep disorders.
More than 75% of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are mild (mTBI) and military service members often experience repeated combat-related mTBI. The chronic comorbidities concomitant with repetitive mTBI (rmTBI) include depression, post-traumatic stress disorder or neurological dysfunction. This study sought to determine a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression signature in serum samples that correlated with rmTBI years after the incidences.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy Objectives: We elicited perspectives of clinical stakeholders and Veterans regarding barriers and facilitators to implementing shared decision-making (SDM) for comorbid mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and sleep disorders in the Veterans Health Administration. We also compared the perspectives of clinical stakeholders and Veterans regarding determinants of SDM.
Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 29 clinical stakeholders and 20 Veterans (n = 49).
Objective: The purpose of this article is to illustrate the process of stakeholder-engaged intervention mapping approach to identify implementation strategies to overcome data-driven prioritized barriers to receiving chronic pain services for persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
Setting: Community.
Participants: Healthcare providers (n = 63) with 2 or more years' experience treating persons with TBI, interviewed between October 2020 and November 2021 provided data for identification of barriers.
Objective: To identify facilitators and barriers to reaching and utilizing chronic pain treatments for persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) organized around an Access to Care framework, which includes dimensions of access to healthcare as a function of supply (ie, provider/system) and demand (ie, patient) factors for a specified patient population.
Setting: Community.
Participants: Clinicians (n = 63) with experience treating persons with TBI were interviewed between October 2020 and November 2021.
Objective: Identify determinants to chronic pain healthcare for persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) informed by an Access to Care Framework. Findings related to the Access Framework's core domains of identifying a need, perceptions of the need, and seeking healthcare are reported.
Setting: Community.