Superficial Thoracic Artery Perforator Flap for Volume Replacement Oncoplastic Breast-conserving Surgery.

Lateral chest wall perforator flaps, such as the lateral intercostal artery perforator flap, lateral thoracic artery perforator flap, and thoracodorsal artery perforator flap, have been used for volume replacement oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (VR-OPBCS) in the lateral and central breast. However, there are cases in which these perforators are missing or too thin, making it difficult to raise a flap for partial breast reconstruction. A 58-year-old woman underwent VR-OPBCS for breast cancer in the lower quadrant of the right breast.

Endovascular Embolization with n-Butyl Cyanoacrylate for Ruptured Distal Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Dissecting Aneurysm.

Parent artery occlusion is a definitive treatment method for preventing rebleeding of dissecting aneurysms. We herein report a case of a ruptured distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) dissecting aneurysm treated with internal trapping using n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA). A 65-year-old man visited our hospital with a complaint of headache and neck pain that began 1 week before his arrival.

Perioperative Factors Aggravating Pharyngocutaneous Fistula After Total Laryngectomy: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis Using the Clavien-Dindo Classification.

Background: Pharyngocutaneous fistula formation represents a major postoperative complication following total laryngectomy. We aimed to investigate the risk factors for pharyngocutaneous fistula development after total laryngectomy and to identify factors that lead to severe cases of pharyngocutaneous fistula.

Methods: Patients who underwent total laryngectomy between January 2013 and February 2021 were included in the study and were divided into 2 groups: Those with and without pharyngocutaneous fistula.

Unique Crosslinking Properties of Psoralen-Conjugated Oligonucleotides Developed by Novel Psoralen N-Hydroxysuccinimide Esters.

Psoralens and their derivatives, such as trioxsalen, have unique crosslinking features to DNA. However, psoralen monomers do not have sequence-specific crosslinking ability with the target DNA. With the development of psoralen-conjugated oligonucleotides (Ps-Oligos), sequence-specific crosslinking with target DNA has become achievable, thereby expanding the application of psoralen-conjugated molecules in gene transcription inhibition, gene knockout, and targeted recombination by genome editing.

Conservative Treatment of Chronic Subdural Hematoma with Gorei-san.

Most asymptomatic patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) are followed conservatively but can require surgical treatment if the hematoma expands. We conducted a retrospective evaluation of the effect of Gorei-san on CSDH. This study included patients treated between April 2013 and March 2015.

Hemodynamics and Vascular Histology of Keloid Tissues and Anatomy of Nearby Blood Vessels.

Unlabelled: Keloids are red' invasive scars that are driven by chronic inflammation in the reticular dermis. The role of blood vessels in keloid behavior remains poorly understood. In the present study with 32 keloid patients, we examined the hemodynamics of keloid tissue, the anatomy of the blood vessels feeding and draining the keloids, and the vascular histology of keloids.

Groin and anterolateral thigh flaps for hemiglossectomy reconstruction: A comparison based on Japanese speech intelligibility.

Objective: The differences in speech function between groin flap reconstruction and anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap reconstruction after hemiglossectomy have not been clarified to date. This study aimed to compare Japanese speech intelligibility after hemiglossectomy reconstruction using groin and ALT flaps of similar thickness.

Methods: Data of patients who underwent hemiglossectomy reconstruction with groin or ALT flaps between April 2010 and March 2020 were collected from the medical chart database.

Adequacy of compression positioning using the feedback device during chest compressions by medical staff in a simulation study.

Background: The 2020 American Heart Association guidelines recommend the use of a feedback device during chest compressions (CCs). However, these devices are only placed visually by medical personnel on the lower half of the sternum and do not provide feedback on the adequacy of the pressure-delivery position. In this study, we investigated whether medical staff could deliver CCs at the adequate compression position using a feedback device and identified where the inadequate position was compressed.

Cytotoxicity of root canal irrigating solutions and photodynamic therapy using curcumin photosensitizer.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown satisfactory antibacterial effects. However, little information regarding the cytotoxicity potential of PDT using curcumin as a photosensitizer (PS) on fibroblasts are found. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of root canal irrigating solutions and photodynamic therapy with curcumin PS on the L-929 cell line.

Selective Photo-Crosslinking Detection of Methylated Cytosine in DNA Duplex Aided by a Cationic Comb-Type Copolymer.

In the process of cell development and differentiation, C-5-methylation of cytosine (5-methylcytosine: 5-mC) in genome DNA is an important transcriptional regulator that switches between differentiated and undifferentiated states. Further, abnormal DNA methylations are often present in tumor suppressor genes and are associated with many diseases. Therefore, 5-mC detection technology is an important tool in the most exciting fields of molecular biology and diagnosing diseases such as cancers.

Tuberculous meningitis with good outcome following appropriate timing of ventriculoperitoneal shunting for hydrocephalus.

Background: Tuberculous meningitis is often associated with hydrocephalus. However, the appropriate timing for shunt placement to treat hydrocephalus remains controversial.

Case Presentation: A 43-year-old man presented with high fever and disturbance of consciousness.

Therapeutic application of sequence-specific binding molecules for novel genome editing tools.

Genome editing has been expected to widely increase the available treatment options for various diseases and permit pharmaceutical interventions in previously untreatable conditions. The availability of genome editing tools was dramatically increased by the development of the CRISPR-Cas9 system. However, a number of issues limit the use of the CRISPR-Cas9 system and other gene-editing tools in the clinical treatment of diseases.

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) Upregulates the Expression of in Direct Pulp Capping in the Rat Molar.

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is an alternative endodontic material that predicts conductive or inductive calcified tissue formation from immature pulp mesenchymal stem cells (IPMSCs). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether MTA could promote reparative odontoblast differentiation via IPMSCs in the early phase of regeneration and compare with calcium hydroxide (CH). Direct pulp capping using calcium hydroxide (CH), MTA, and MTA with platelet-rich plasma (MTA + PRP) was performed on maxillary first molars of 8-week-old male Wistar rats ( = 36).

Adequacy of hand positioning by medical personnel during chest compression in a simulation study.

Aim: During chest compressions (CCs), the hand position at the lower half of the sternum is not strictly maintained, unlike depth or rate. This study was conducted to determine whether medical staff could adequately push at a marked location on the lower half of the sternum, identify where the inappropriate hand position was shifted to, and correct the inappropriate hand position.

Methods: This simulation-based, prospective single-center study enrolled 44 medical personnel.

Late Conditions Diagnosed 1-4 Months Following an Initial Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Encounter: A Matched-Cohort Study Using Inpatient and Outpatient Administrative Data-United States, 1 March-30 June 2020.

Background: Late sequelae of COVID-19 have been reported; however, few studies have investigated the time course or incidence of late new COVID-19-related health conditions (post-COVID conditions) after COVID-19 diagnosis. Studies distinguishing post-COVID conditions from late conditions caused by other etiologies are lacking. Using data from a large administrative all-payer database, we assessed type, association, and timing of post-COVID conditions following COVID-19 diagnosis.

Influence of two photodynamic therapy sessions and different photosensitizers on the bond strength of glass-fiber posts in different regions of intraradicular dentin.

Background: Although photodynamic therapy associated with photosensitizers can promote microbial reduction, studies evaluating the consequences of two photodynamic therapy sessions associated with different photosensitizers on the bond strength of glass-fiber posts to endodontically treated intraradicular dentin are scarce. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the influence of two photodynamic therapy sessions using methylene blue or curcumin photosensitizers on the bond strength of glass-fiber posts to intraradicular dentin in different root thirds.

Methods: Seventy-two teeth were divided into 9 experimental groups according to photosensitizer type, concentration and light-activation: Control - deionized water; Methylene blue 50 mg/L; Methylene blue 50 mg/L + laser; Methylene blue 100 mg/L; Methylene blue 100 mg/L + laser; Curcumin 500 mg/L; Curcumin 500 mg/L + LED; Curcumin 1000 mg/L; and Curcumin 1000 mg/L + LED.

Utility of the evaluation of blood flow of remnant esophagus with indocyanine green in esophagectomy with jejunum reconstruction: Case series.

Background: Pedicled jejunal flap can be utilized with various tips for esophageal reconstruction in patients with a history of gastrectomy or those who have undergone synchronous esophagogastrectomy. However, the rate of anastomosis leakage is high; therefore, we considered the evaluation of blood flow of the remnant esophagus with indocyanine green in setting the anastomosis site.

Methods: Fifty patients who underwent radical esophagectomy with pedicled jejunal flap between January 2011 and June 2020 were identified.

Thorax anthropometric position index: a simple evaluation of the inframammary fold position in the thorax.

Appropriate positioning of the inframammary fold (IMF) is essential for breast reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively measure and evaluate the anthropometric position of the IMF in the thorax. A total of 145 Japanese women with unilateral breast cancer were analyzed.

Clavien-Dindo classification for grading complications after total pharyngolaryngectomy and free jejunum transfer.

Background: The frequency of postoperative complications is used as an indicator of surgical quality; however, comparison of outcomes is hampered by a lack of agreement on the definition of complications and their severity. A standard grading system for surgical complications is necessary to improve the quality of clinical research and reporting in head and neck reconstruction.

Methods: The aim of this study was to compare postoperative morbidity after microvascular head and neck reconstruction between patients with versus without a history of prior radiation therapy (RT) by using the Clavien-Dindo classification.

Exposed Artificial Plate Covered With Perifascial Areolar Tissue as a Nonvascularized Graft.

Perifascial areolar tissue (PAT) is a loose connective tissue on deep fascia, such as on the groin, thigh, or temporal region, which has abundant vascular plexus and mesenchymal stem cells. Nonvascularized PAT grafts can survive even on hypovascular wound beds. Therefore, PAT grafting is a possible alternative to conventional flap surgery to cover exposed bone or artifacts.

Protocol for a feasibility study of group-based focused psychosocial support to improve the psychosocial well-being and functioning of adults affected by humanitarian crises in Nepal: Group Problem Management Plus (PM+).

Background: The prevalence of common mental disorders increases in humanitarian emergencies while access to services to address them decreases. Problem Management Plus (PM+) is a brief five-session trans-diagnostic psychological WHO intervention employing empirically supported strategies that can be delivered by non-specialist lay-providers under specialist supervision to adults impaired by distress. Two recent randomized controlled trials in Pakistan and Kenya demonstrated the efficacy of delivered PM+.

Type F Infant Botulism: Investigation of Recent Clusters and Overview of This Exceedingly Rare Disease.

From 1976 to 2016, neurotoxigenic Clostridium baratii type F caused 18 (<0.5%) reported US infant botulism cases. Six cases occurred during 2012-2013; no common source was identified.