Response of negative ion beamlet width and axis deflection to RF field in beam extraction region.

Beam-divergence characteristics of single negative ion beamlet have been experimentally investigated with a superimposition of a controlled perturbation of a radio frequency wave (RF) field in a filament-arc discharge negative ion source. Oscillations of a negative-ion beamlet width and axis responding to the RF perturbation were observed, which may be a cause of the larger beam divergence angle of the RF negative ion source for ITER. It is pointed out that the oscillation of the beamlet width depends on the perveance and on an RF frequency such that the oscillation is suppressed at perveance-matched conditions and at low RF frequency.

Effects of Thermal Energy on the Formation of Lattice Strain in VO Thin Films Grown on TiO(001).

Film thickness is a well-known experimental parameter for controlling lattice strain in oxide films. However, due to environmental and resource conservation considerations, films need to be as thin as possible, increasing the need to find alternative factors for strain management. Herein, we present the importance of thermal energy as a factor for the formation of lattice strain in the oxide films, specifically focusing on the effects of laser fluence during pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on the in-plane lattice strain of vanadium dioxide (VO) thin films grown on titanium dioxide (TiO) (001).

PSMA PET/CT imaging and its application to prostate cancer treatment.

Recognition of the importance of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT in the diagnosis of prostate cancer has steadily increased following the publication of extensive data on its diagnostic accuracy and impact on patient management over the past decade. Several recent clinical trials and investigations regarding PSMA PET/CT have been ongoing in our country, and this examination is expected to become increasingly widespread in the future. This review explains the characteristics of PSMA PET/CT, its diagnostic capabilities and superiority over other modalities, the three proposed PSMA PET/CT interpretation criteria (the European Association of Nuclear Medicine [EANM], the Prostate Cancer Molecular Imaging Standardized Evaluation [PROMISE], and the PSMA Reporting and Data System [PSMA-RADS]), and the application of PSMA PET/CT to prostate cancer treatment (improvement of local control, irradiation of oligometastases, and salvage radiotherapy), incorporating actual clinical images and the latest findings.

The effect of hormone therapy on physiological uptake of the endometrium on [F]F-FDG PET in postmenopausal women.

Objective: The effects of hormonal therapy, estrogen-based hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and anti-tumor hormone therapy, such as tamoxifen, on the physiological uptake of the endometrium on 2-deoxy-2[F]fluoro-D-glucose ([F]F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in postmenopausal women have not been determined. We explored the effect of hormone therapy, particularly HRT, on physiological uptake in the endometrium of postmenopausal women.

Materials And Methods: Postmenopausal women receiving hormone therapy who underwent cancer screening using PET/computed tomography (CT) between June 2016 and April 2023 were included in the hormone therapy group (n = 21).

18 F-FDG PET/CT Findings of Surgically Transposed Ovaries After Radical Hysterectomy in a Young Adult Patient.

A 35-year-old woman underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT 2 months after a radical hysterectomy for uterine cervical cancer. An apparent FDG uptake was observed in an oval-shaped mass with an attached surgical clip in the right paracolic gutter. A similar non-FDG-avid mass with a clip was observed in the left.

Renal arteriovenous malformation treated using glue embolization under inflow and outflow control by balloon occlusion.

A 45-year-old female presented with gross hematuria. Right renal arteriovenous malformation on abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography necessitated urgent transcatheter arterial embolization. Right renal digital subtraction angiography revealed a single tortuous and dilated vessel converging to an aneurysmal dilated vein.

Convolutional neural network-based program to predict lymph node metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer using F-FDG PET.

Purpose: To develop a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based program to analyze maximum intensity projection (MIP) images of 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scans, aimed at predicting lymph node metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to evaluate its effectiveness in providing diagnostic assistance to radiologists.

Methods: We obtained PET images of NSCLC from public datasets, including those of 435 patients with available N-stage information, which were divided into a training set (n = 304) and a test set (n = 131). We generated 36 maximum intensity projection (MIP) images for each patient.

A disulfide chaperone knockout facilitates spin labeling and pulse EPR spectroscopy of outer membrane transporters.

Pulse EPR measurements provide information on distances and distance distributions in proteins but require the incorporation of pairs of spin labels that are usually attached to engineered cysteine residues. In previous work, we demonstrated that efficient in vivo labeling of the Escherichia coli outer membrane vitamin B transporter, BtuB, could only be achieved using strains defective in the periplasmic disulfide bond formation (Dsb) system. Here, we extend these in vivo measurements to FecA, the E.

The divisome but not the elongasome organizes capsule synthesis in Streptococcus pneumoniae.

The bacterial cell envelope consists of multiple layers, including the peptidoglycan cell wall, one or two membranes, and often an external layer composed of capsular polysaccharides (CPS) or other components. How the synthesis of all these layers is precisely coordinated remains unclear. Here, we identify a mechanism that coordinates the synthesis of CPS and peptidoglycan in Streptococcus pneumoniae.

[A Case of Gastric Submucosal Tumor at Esophagogastric Junction Resected by Endoscopic Intragastric Surgery].

We report a case in which a gastric submucosal tumor at the esophagogastric junction was resected by endoscopic intragastric surgery with minimally invasive and function-preserving. A 30s-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of an abnormal findings pointed by a barium examination at a health check up. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound revealed a submucosal tumor approximately 60 mm in size on the posterior wall of the gastric fundus.

Influence of glycan structure on the colonization of on human respiratory epithelial cells.

Virtually all living cells are encased in glycans. They perform key cellular functions such as immunomodulation and cell-cell recognition. Yet, how their composition and configuration affect their functions remains enigmatic.

[Laparoscopic Abdominoperineal Resection with the Trans-Perineal Approach for Anal Canal Cancer in a Patient with Situs Inversus Totalis-A Case Report].

Situs inversus totalis(SIT)is a rare congenital condition that causes complete transposition of thoracic and abdominal viscera. Due to associated anatomical abnormalities and low frequency, surgery for affected patients is considered to be difficult. A 72-year-old man was referred to our hospital with a chief complaint of narrow stools.

[Radical Resection Was Achieved Using a Liver-First Approach for Simultaneous Liver Metastasis from Rectal Cancer-A Case Report].

The patient was a 70s male. A fecal occult blood test showed a positive reaction, and colonoscopy was performed. Under a diagnosis of rectal cancer, he was referred to our hospital.

[A Case of Gastric Anisakiasis That Required Differentiation from Scirrhous Gastric Cancer].

A 36-year-old woman visited a previous doctor with lower abdominal pain and nausea. Her former doctor's upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and CT scan showed giant folds and wall thickening of the lower body of the stomach, and she was referred on suspicion of scirrhous gastric cancer. Similar findings were found on enhanced CT at our hospital.

[A Case of Giant Mesenteric Lymphangioma in an Adult].

A 26-year-old man with left inguinal pain and frequent urination was examined. An abdominal ultrasound revealed a cystic lesion. In further examinations, CT and MRI showed a large cystic lesion of about 20 cm in size, connected to mesenteric- derived blood vessels.

Development of in vivo HDX-MS with applications to a TonB-dependent transporter and other proteins.

Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) is a powerful tool that monitors protein dynamics in solution. However, the reversible nature of HDX labels has largely limited the application to in vitro systems. Here, we describe a protocol for measuring HDX-MS in living Escherichia coli cells applied to BtuB, a TonB-dependent transporter found in outer membranes (OMs).

[A Case of Internal Hernia Incarceration of a Mesenteric Defect following Laparoscopic Ileocecal Resection].

A 75-year-old man underwent laparoscopic ileocecal and partial small bowel resections for the management of appendiceal cancer. The pathological diagnosis was cecal cancer(T4b[ileum, abdominal wall],N0[0/13], M0, pStage Ⅱc). After 4 months of surgery, he suddenly experienced abdominal pain and vomiting and was presented to our emergency room.

18F-FDG PET/CT Findings of G-CSF-Producing Gallbladder Cancer.

We report a case of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing gallbladder cancer in a 64-year-old man. Contrast-enhanced CT showed an exophytic hypoattenuation mass with peripheral enhancement in the gallbladder. 18F-FDG PET/CT showed avid FDG uptake in the gallbladder mass and diffuse FDG uptake in the bone marrow.

Phantom study of SPECT/CT augmented reality for intraoperative localization of sentinel lymph nodes in head and neck melanoma.

Objective: To show that augmented reality (AR) visualization of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) data in 3D can be used to accurately localize targets in the head and neck region.

Materials And Methods: Eight head and neck styrofoam phantoms were painted with a mixture of radioactive solution (Tc-99m) detectable with a handheld gamma probe and fluorescent ink visible only under ultraviolet (UV) light to create 10-20 simulated lymph nodes on their surface. After obtaining SPECT/CT images of these phantoms, virtual renderings of the nodes were generated from the SPECT/CT data and displayed using a commercially available AR headset.

Combined Quantification of F-FDG and Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT for Prognosis in High-Grade Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Rationale And Objectives: High-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (G3 GEP-NENs) are pathologically classified into well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (G3 NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (G3 NECs). Using a novel parameter, we examined the prognostic value of F-FDG and Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT quantification in comparison to pathologic assessment in G3 GEP-NENs.

Materials And Methods: A total of 31 patients with G3 GEP-NENs were reviewed.