Antithrombotic Therapy in Carotid Artery and Intracranial Artery Stent.

Optimal platelet inhibition is critical in patients with carotid and intracranial artery stenosis undergoing carotid artery stenting (CAS) and intracranial artery stenting (ICS). Many reports have highlighted the importance of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in reducing adverse neurological outcomes without a significant increase in bleeding complications during CAS. DAPT has commonly used CAS and ICS, typically with aspirin and clopidogrel, but clopidogrel resistance occurs in approximately 20% of Japanese and other Asian populations.

Systemic inflammation response index predicts overall survival in patients undergoing stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer.

This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of pre-treatment blood cell counts in patients with brain metastasis (BM) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were treated using linear accelerator (linac)-based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (fSRT) with a micro-multileaf collimator. Between January 2011 and November 2022, 271 consecutive patients underwent linac-based SRS/fSRT for BM from NSCLC. Thirty patients with insufficient blood test data during this period were excluded from this analysis.

Endovascular Treatment of Anterior Cranial Fossa Dural Arteriovenous Fistula.

Anterior cranial fossa (ACF) dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) is a rare lesion among cerebral DAVFs. This lesion shows significant bleeding risk because of the angioarchitecture, involving direct leptomeningeal retrograde venous drainage, as a nonsinus-type DAVF. Over the years, direct surgery has been considered the primary treatment for ACF DAVF, offering favorable clinical outcomes compared to a low complete obliteration rate with endovascular treatment and the relatively high risk of blindness due to central retinal artery occlusion with transophthalmic artery embolization.

Disentangling Centrality Bias and Final-State Effects in the Production of High-p_{T} Neutral Pions Using Direct Photon in d+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV.

PHENIX presents a simultaneous measurement of the production of direct γ and π^{0} in d+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200  GeV over a p_{T} range of 7.5 to 18  GeV/c for different event samples selected by event activity, i.e.

Blood DNA virome associates with autoimmune diseases and COVID-19.

Aberrant immune responses to viral pathogens contribute to pathogenesis, but our understanding of pathological immune responses caused by viruses within the human virome, especially at a population scale, remains limited. We analyzed whole-genome sequencing datasets of 6,321 Japanese individuals, including patients with autoimmune diseases (psoriasis vulgaris, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) or multiple sclerosis) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), or healthy controls. We systematically quantified two constituents of the blood DNA virome, endogenous HHV-6 (eHHV-6) and anellovirus.

Eumycetoma Caused by Aspergillus terreus: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Mycetoma is a granulomatous disease of subcutaneous tissue that is caused by different species of aerobic filamentous bacteria (actinomycetoma) or fungi (eumycetoma). Mycetoma treatment depends on the causative pathogen, and it mainly consists of antimicrobial interventions or surgery. Aspergillus terreus is an etiologic agent of invasive aspergillosis and a rare cause of eumycetoma that is common in central and southern China.

Intraprocedural and Delayed Plaque Protrusion in Carotid Artery Stenting Using a Dual-Layer Metallic Stent.

Background: Intravascular ultrasound-determined plaque protrusion (PP) during carotid artery stenting (CAS) using conventional stents is reported in 7.6% to 12% of cases and is associated with periprocedural cerebral embolism. The Casper/Roadsaver stent (CRS) is a dual-layer micromesh stent designed to reduce the risk of PP, with a mesh cell diameter 4-fold smaller size than that of conventional stents.

Thalamic hemorrhage due to ruptured aneurysm at the feeder of a tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula in the Galen region mimicking a hypertensive hemorrhage.

Introduction: Thalamic hemorrhage caused by cerebrovascular disease is unusual. We describe a rare case of thalamic hemorrhage due to rupture of an aneurysm at the feeder of a tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula in the Galen region mimicking a hypertensive hemorrhage.

Case Presentation: A 78-year-old woman with sudden-onset right hemiparesis was diagnosed with left thalamic hemorrhage.

Transarterial embolization for anterior cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistula based on multi-modal three-dimensional imaging.

Background: Dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) in the anterior cranial fossa (ACF) is known to show a high risk of intracranial hemorrhage. Recently, multi-modal fusion imaging with computed tomography angiography, computed tomography venography, and three-dimensional (3D) rotation angiography have been used preoperatively to ensure anatomical safety. We report on endovascular treatment as a first-line approach for ACFDAVF based on the understanding of vascular anatomy obtained from multi-modal fusion imaging.

Prophylactic Administration of Perampanel for Post-Stroke Epilepsy (PROPELLER Study): A Trial Protocol.

Background: Post-stroke epilepsy can reduce patients' abilities to carry out various activities of daily living. Despite their importance in preventing the onset of post-stroke epilepsy, the prophylactic administration of antiepileptic drugs is controversial due to a lack of high-level clinical research. In this study, we initiated a prospective interventional study of prophylactic antiepileptic drug administration in patients with a subcortical hemorrhage, who are at the highest risk of developing epilepsy after experiencing a stroke.

Efficacy of Transarterial Embolization Using Intermittent Flow Control for Tentorial Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Presenting as Myelopathy: A Technical Report.

Background: Transarterial embolization (TAE) is generally the endovascular treatment of choice for tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF). Although flow control of the feeder vessel has been reported to achieve complete shunt blockade, flow control in the absence of ischemia tolerance of internal carotid artery as a feeder has not been reported. We present a case in which treatment by Onyx TAE with intermittent flow control of the meningohypophyseal trunk as the feeder was successful for a tentorial dAVF presenting with myelopathy without tolerance of ischemia.

Biochemical characterizations of the central fragment of human Reelin and identification of amino acid residues involved in its secretion.

Secreted protein Reelin is implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders and its supplementation ameliorates neurological symptoms in mouse disease models. Recombinant human Reelin protein may be useful for the treatment of human diseases, but its properties remain uncharacterized. Here, we report that full-length human Reelin was well secreted from transfected cells and was able to induce Dab1 phosphorylation.

Transcranial motor-evoked potentials disappear with pons transection.

Motor-evoked potential (MEP) monitoring by transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) is important for intraoperative motor function assessment in neurosurgery; however, false-negative results sometimes occur, and these findings should be interpreted with caution. Herein, we report an interesting MEP change resulting from a pons transection. The patient was a boy aged 5 years and 2 months.

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt tube migration into the heart and pulmonary artery: successful tube removal. Illustrative case.

Background: Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt tube migration is recognized as an occasional complication; however, migration into the cardiac system is rare. The authors report a case of VP shunt tube migration into the heart and pulmonary artery and the safe removal of the tube.

Observations: The patient had a VP shunt implanted for hydrocephalus after a subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Endoscope-Assisted Evacuation of an Acute Subdural Hematoma in an Elderly Patient With Refractory Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus: An Illustrative Case.

Traumatic brain injuries lead to post-traumatic seizures (PTS), with acute subdural hematomas (ASDH) posing a particularly elevated risk. The development of refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in such cases, especially in older patients, requires immediate and effective management. This case report highlights the improvement of refractory NCSE in an elderly patient with ASDH through endoscope-assisted evacuation.

Intraoperative Neuromonitoring for the Lower-Extremity Region Using Motor-Evoked Potential With Direct Cortical Stimulation in Brain Tumor Surgeries.

Purpose: To evaluate the motor function of the lower extremity (LE), we used direct cortical stimulation motor-evoked potential (D-MEP) monitoring with a single six-contact subdural strip electrode placed in the interhemispheric fissure.

Methods: Intraoperative neuromonitoring using D-MEPs in the LE was performed in 18 cases (16 patients) for brain tumor surgery from December 2018 to April 2023 with a follow-up period of at least 3 months. After dural opening, a single six-contact subdural strip electrode was placed inside the interhemispheric fissure.

Simple tape-stripping method for highly reliable and quantitative analysis of skin microbiome.

The composition of human skin microbiome profoundly impacts host skin health and disease. However, the relationship between skin homeostasis or the development of skin diseases and daily changes in skin microbial composition is poorly understood. Longitudinal samplings at more frequent intervals would address this issue, while conventional sampling methods have technical difficulties, leading to limitations in sampling opportunities.

Effect of Intraoperative Ventricular Opening on Recurrence Patterns Following Bis-Chloroethyl-Nitrosourea Wafer Implantation for Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of ventricular opening (VO) on recurrence patterns in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) treated with bis-chloroethyl-nitrosourea (BCNU) wafer implantation.

Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 40 patients with newly diagnosed GBM who received BCNU wafer implantation after tumor resection between March 2013 and February 2022. The patients were categorized into two groups based on whether VO occurred during the GBM resection.

Post-surgical Hearing Improvement in a Case of Jugular Foramen Schwannoma Despite the Lack of Response in a Preoperative Auditory Brainstem Response Test.

We report a rare case involving improved hearing after surgery for a jugular foramen schwannoma despite the lack of response during the preoperative auditory brainstem response (ABR) test. A left jugular foramen tumor was diagnosed in a 79-year-old man with hearing loss. No response was observed during the preoperative ABR test.

Complete genome sequence of three strains isolated from patients with skin diseases in Japan.

is a member of the human skin microbiota as a commensal organism but could be an important opportunistic pathogen for immunocompromised individuals. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of three . strains isolated from patients with skin diseases.