Synthetic assembly of α-O-linked-type GlcNAc using polymer chemistry affords sugar clusters, which effectively bind to lectins.

Fischer's glycoside synthesis was applied to linker precursor alcohols of two different lengths having appropriate alkane chains to obtain the corresponding α-glycoside and it was found to be applicable with moderate yields. Water-soluble glycomonomers were systematically prepared from N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) by introducing two kinds of alcohols having different methylene lengths. Typical radical polymerizations of the glycomonomers with acrylamide as a modulator for control of the distance between carbohydrate residues in water in the presence of ammonium persulfate (APS)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) gave a series of glycopolymers with various α-glycoside-type GlcNAc residue densities.

Divided method of intercostal nerve block reduces ropivacaine dose by half in thoracoscopic pulmonary resection while maintaining the postoperative pain score and 4-h mobilization: a retrospective study.

Purpose: This study investigated whether the divided method of multi-level intercostal nerve block (ML-ICB) could reduce the ropivacaine dose required during thoracoscopic pulmonary resection, while maintaining the resting postoperative pain scores.

Methods: This retrospective, single-cohort study enrolled 241 patients who underwent thoracoscopic pulmonary resection for malignant tumors between October 2020 and March 2022 at a cancer hospital in Japan. ML-ICB was performed by surgeons under direct vision.

Life-threatening massive bleeding in the pulmonary trunk adjacent to the right ventricular outflow tract during the resection of a large mediastinal germ cell tumor: proposed safety measures in the absence of cardiovascular surgeons: a case report.

This report presents an unusual case of life-threatening massive bleeding in the pulmonary trunk adjacent to the right ventricular outflow tract during resection of a large primary mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (PMNSGCT) in the absence of cardiovascular surgeons. The patient was a 21-year-old male whose large mediastinal tumor was diagnosed as an extragonadal PMNSGCT, which was a mixture of a yolk sac tumor and an immature teratoma. Generally, chemotherapy causes extensive peripheral tumor necrosis of PMNSGCTs, thus enabling their complete resection.

Risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting after thoracoscopic pulmonary wedge resection: pitfalls of an increased fentanyl dose.

Background: Thoracoscopic pulmonary wedge resection (TPWR) is a surgical procedure that can maintain lung function and is less physically invasive to a patient. However, the risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) following TPWR remain unknown. We aimed to evaluate multiple risk factors of PONV after TPWR and the impact of PONV on postoperative outcomes.

Spinal epidural hematoma during anticoagulant therapy for pulmonary embolism: postoperative complications in a patient with lung cancer.

Spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) is rare but causes neurological disorders. Rapid diagnosis and treatment maximize neurological recovery. We present the case of SEH after lung cancer surgery under epidural and general anesthesia.

Polaprezinc Protects Mice against Endotoxin Shock.

Polaprezinc (PZ), a chelate compound consisting of zinc and l-carnosine (Car), is an anti-ulcer drug developed in Japan. In the present study, we investigated whether PZ suppresses mortality, pulmonary inflammation, and plasma nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels in endotoxin shock mice after peritoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and how PZ protects against LPS-induced endotoxin shock. PZ pretreatment inhibited the decrease in the survival rate of mice after LPS injection.

Zinc Supplementation with Polaprezinc Protects Mouse Hepatocytes against Acetaminophen-Induced Toxicity via Induction of Heat Shock Protein 70.

Polaprezinc, a chelate compound consisting of zinc and l-carnosine, is clinically used as a medicine for gastric ulcers. It has been shown that induction of heat shock protein (HSP) is involved in protective effects of polaprezinc against gastric mucosal injury. In the present study, we investigated whether polaprezinc and its components could induce HSP70 and prevent acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity in mouse primary cultured hepatocytes.

Priming with rocuronium or vecuronium prevents remifentanil-mediated muscle rigidity and difficult ventilation.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to test our hypothesis that priming with rocuronium would prevent muscle rigidity and difficult ventilation due to remifentanil administration.

Methods: One hundred patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) status I or II, were recruited into the study, and randomly allocated to one of four protocols (n = 25 each). Remifentanil was administered at 0.

Sealing of a tracheoesophageal fistula using a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube for mechanical ventilation during general anesthesia.

A 78-yr-old man was admitted to our hospital because of repeated episodes of pneumonia. Both fiberoptic bronchoscopy and esophagoscopy revealed a large tracheoesophageal fistula and protrusion of the metal stent from the esophagus into the trachea. Placement of a Dumon stent was planned for sealing this fistula under general anesthesia.

Mechanisms of protection by melatonin against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice.

The present study was performed to determine whether melatonin protects mouse liver against severe damage induced by acetaminophen (APAP) administration and where melatonin primarily functions in the metabolic pathway of APAP to protect mouse liver against APAP-induced injury. Treatment of mice with melatonin (50 or 100 mg/kg, p.o.

Oral administration of geranylgeranylacetone improves survival rate in a rat endotoxin shock model: administration timing and heat shock protein 70 induction.

The present study was performed to determine whether oral pretreatment with geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) inhibits proinflammatory cytokine liberation and nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated rats and protects rats against death from LPS-induced endotoxin shock, and whether such protection by GGA is related to heat shock protein (HSP) 70 induction in multiple organs of rats. GGA (200 mg/kg) was given orally to rats. LPS (20 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 4, 8, 16, or 24 h after GGA administration.

The presence of oxidized phosphatidylserine on Fas-mediated apoptotic cell surface.

A growing body of evidence suggests that phosphatidylserine (PS) oxidation is linked with its transmembrane migration from the inner to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane during apoptosis. However, there is no direct evidence for the presence of oxidized PS (PSox) on the surface of cells undergoing apoptosis. The present study was performed to detect PSox externalized to the cell surface after Fas engagement in Jurkat cells.

A comparative study of prostate specific antigen (PSA), C-terminal propeptide of blood type I procollagen (PICP) and urine type I collagen-crosslinked N telopeptide (NTx) levels using bone scintigraphy in prostate cancer patients.

We compared the ability to diagnose skeletal metastasis between serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), C-terminal propeptide of blood type I procollagen (PICP), and urine type I collagen-crosslinked N telopeptide (NTx) in prostate cancer patients. In sixty-nine patients with prostate cancer, bone scintigraphy was performed, and serum PSA and PICP and urine NTx were measured. The median level of serum PSA in the osseous metastasis-negative group (n = 33) was 0.

Ultrastructure of human pheochromocytoma cells cultured for long periods.

We conducted ultrastructural analysis of human pheochromocytoma (PC) cells maintained in primary culture for about 10 months. The cells were first isolated by the enzymatic treatment of a surgically resected tissue specimen obtained from a 37-year-old man with PC, a condition which is characterized by elevated blood levels of adrenaline and noradrenaline. It was found that noradrenaline production in the medium continued until the 90th day of culture (1330 pg/ml).

Correlation of urine type I collagen-cross-linked N telopeptide levels with bone scintigraphic results in prostate cancer patients.

The diagnostic potential of a new bone resorption marker, type I collagen-cross-linked N telopeptide (NTx), for bone metastasis of prostate cancer was evaluated. Ninty-one prostate cancer patients underwent bone scintigraphy, and urine NTx/creatinine (NTx/Cr) was measured. Urine NTx/Cr levels were compared with bone scintigraphic results.

[Bone fracture receiving LH-RH agonists for prostatic cancer].

Background: Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists are popularly used drugs in the treatment of prostatic cancer. However, it has been reported that continuation of a low testosterone level following a longterm administration of these drugs reduces the bone mineral density and makes for osteoporosis, which is accountable for fracture, we measured the bone mineral density and bone metabolic markers in the cases who suffered fracture receiving LHRH agonists for prostatic cancer.

Patients And Methods: Between 1994 and 1998, 196 patients (mean age 78.

[Diagnostic value of urinary N-telopeptide of type I collagen in prostate cancer: comparison with bone scintigraphy].

The usefulness of a new biochemical marker of bone resorption, N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx), in the diagnosis of bone metastasis was assessed in 69 prostate cancer patients. Based on the bone scintigraphy findings, the patients were divided into a bone metastasis (+) group (n = 36) and a bone metastasis (-) group (n = 33). The urinary NTx level was significantly higher in the bone metastasis (+) group than in the bone metastasis (-) group (95.

[A case of ectopic familial pheochromocytoma].

This is a report of the occurrence of familial ectopic pheochromocytoma in two brothers, whose father had bilateral adrenal pheochromocytoma. Both brother complained of hypertension. In the first case, a 22-year-old man presented with much higher than normal norepinephrine.

[Clinical study of Silver Lubricath Foley catheter].

We evaluated the Silver Lubricath Foley Catheter (silver catheter) coated with silver and hydrogel developed to prevent urinary infection, in comparison with the silicone-coated catheter (silicone catheter). Twelve patients ranging from 71 to 95 years of age (median age, 82 years) were catheterized and the 16 of 18F catheter was replaced every 2 weeks. They answered a questionnaire which included inquiry about the treatment with urinary catheter.

Renal gluconeogenesis in man: comparison with rats and rabbits.

To provide evidence on renal gluconeogenesis in humans and to compare with rats and rabbits, glucose production from several substrates was determined using cortical slices of the three species. In humans, the normal parts of kidney tissue were obtained from six cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and four cases of renal cell carcinoma. Renal cortical slices were incubated aerobically with or without substrates, and the glucose contents were assayed photometrically.