Publications by authors named "Najmeh Ahmadian Chashmi"

Background: Herbal medicines are the preferred anticancer agents due to their lower cytotoxic effects on healthy cells. Plant lignans play an important role in treating various diseases, especially cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of podophyllotoxin, pinoresinol, and lariciresinol on cellular toxicity and inducing apoptosis in fibroblasts, HEK-293, and SkBr3 cell lines.

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Plants synthesize a variety of metabolites in response to biotic elicitors. To comprehend how the digested cell wall of affects the response of ROS burst, antioxidant enzymes, amino acids profiling, and phenylpropanoid compounds such as lignans, phenolic acids, and flavonoids in  hairy roots; we accomplished a time-course analysis of metabolite production and enzyme activities in response to CDCW and evaluated the metabolic profiles. The results confirms that CDCW accelerates the HO burst and increases SOD and GPX activity in hairy roots.

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Article Synopsis
  • Betulin (B) and betulinic acid (BA) are triterpenoids known for their broad biological and medicinal benefits, and this research aimed to enhance their levels in hairy root cultures using various elicitors.
  • Hairy roots were successfully induced from the inner bark of a plant using specific strains and growth medium, with several biotic and abiotic elicitors applied to boost the growth index (GI) and accumulation of B and BA.
  • Optimal results showed that treatment with chitosan (CTS) and chlorocholine chloride (CCC) significantly increased growth and metabolite content, with the highest growth index and BA content observed under specific conditions on particular days of treatment.
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Lignans are diphenolic compounds produced in plants via coupling of two coniferyl alcohol molecules with the aid of a dirigent protein to form pinoresinol (PINO). The latter is reduced via lariciresinol (LARI) to secoisolariciresinol by the bifunctional pinoresinol-lariciresinol reductase (PLR). In this study, we clarified the consequences of altered lignan biosynthesis on amino acids, phenolics compounds and lignin in the hairy roots of Linum album with an ihpRNAi construct to silence PLR gene expression.

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One of the main sites of the magnetic fields influence on living cells is the cell cycle. The intensity of this influence however, varies depending on the cell type and the duration of the treatment. Suspension of cultured tobacco cells (Nicotiana tabacum cv.

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Article Synopsis
  • Betulin and betulinic acid are triterpenes known for their various health benefits, which can be enhanced by using elicitors on Betula pendula cell cultures.
  • Six different abiotic and biotic elicitors were tested, with chlorocholine chloride (CCC) significantly increasing the growth index and triterpene yields in the cultures.
  • The study found that specific treatments led to substantial increases in betulinic acid and betulin production, suggesting a more efficient and economical way to produce these compounds for potential anti-cancer and HIV medications.
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Elicitation of Linum album hairy roots by Piriformospora indica cell wall induced the target genes and specific metabolites in phenylpropanoid pathway and shifted the amino acid metabolism toward the phenolic compound production. Plants have evolved complex mechanisms to defend themselves against various biotic stresses. One of these responses is the production of metabolites that act as defense compounds.

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Plants respond to water stress through a variety of mechanisms, depending on metabolites preferences and their available resources. This work was performed to elucidate the cross-talk between signaling molecules (polyamines (PAs), hydrogen peroxide (HO) and nitric oxide (NO)), phenolic compounds and osmolytes (phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs), phenolic acids, flavonoids, soluble sugars and amino acids) under water stress in Scrophularia striata plants. The results revealed that PAs, NO levels were enhanced in the plants, earlier in response to polyethylene glycol-induced water stress.

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The callus and hairy root cultures of Prosopis farcta were established to develop effective strategies to enhance its valuable and medicinally important flavonoid compounds. For callus induction, the hypocotyl, cotyledon and shoot explants were subjected to different plant hormones, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin and dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Greater callus induction was obtained from hypocotyl explants on MS medium containing 3.

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Treatment with aluminum triggers a unique response in tea seedlings resulting in biochemical modification of the cell wall, regulation of the activity of the loosening agents, and elongation of root. Unlike most terrestrial plants, tea (Camellia sinensis L.) responds to aluminum (Al) through the promotion of its root elongation; but the real mechanism(s) behind this phenomenon is not well understood.

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) are known in triggering defense functions to detoxify heavy metal stresses. To investigate the relevance of ROS production, Pb treatment (400µM) alone and in combination with 400µM sodium ascorbate (Asc: as HO scavenger) were given to hydroponically grown Prosopis farcta seedlings over a time course of 72h. Data presented here indicate that, the low extent of HO due to scavenging by ascorbate, together with high level of NO improved Pb+Asc- treated Prosopis growth.

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Manipulation of cell culture media by elicitors is one of most important strategies to inducing secondary metabolism for the production of valuable metabolites. In this investigation, inducing effect of chitosan on physiological, biochemical, and molecular parameters were investigated in cell suspension cultures of Scrophularia striata Boiss. The results showed that chitosan concentration and time of elicitation are determinants of the effectiveness of the elicitor.

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Lead (Pb) is a hazardous heavy metal present in the environment which elicits oxidative stress in plants. To characterize the physiological and biochemical basis of Pb tolerance, Prosopis farcta seedlings were exposed to Hoagland's solutions at six different Pb concentrations (0, 80, 160, 320, 400 and 480 μM) for different periods of time. As expected, application of Pb significantly increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content.

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Objective: Podophyllotoxin (PTOX), a natural compound in numerous plants, contains remarkable biological properties that include anti-tumor, anti-viral such as anti-human im- munodeficiency virus (HIV) activities. In order to avoid its adverse effects, various com- pounds have been derived from PTOX. 6-methoxy PTOX (MPTOX) is one of the natural PTOX derivatives with an extra methoxy group.

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Feeding experiments with hairy root cultures of Linum album have established that the extracellular coniferaldehyde is a good precursor for production of two lignans: lariciresinol (LARI) and pinoresinol (PINO). The accumulation of the LARI, PINO, and podophyllotoxin (PTOX) in hairy roots were enhanced about 14.8-, 8.

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Context: Suspension cultures of Linum album Kotschy ex Boiss. (Linaceae) accumulate podophyllotoxin (an anticancer agent) and could therefore serve as an alternative source of this important aryltetralin lactone lignan.

Objective: The present work compared four podophyllotoxin extraction methods and optimization of the best one by using single factor experiments.

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Plants are a potential source of a large number of valuable secondary metabolites. In vitro cultures are being considered as an alternative to agricultural processes for studying valuable secondary metabolites. In this way, nutritive factors are important parameters influencing the production of these compounds in plants.

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