Modulation of Urea Transport Attenuates TLR2-Mediated Microglial Activation and Upregulates Microglial Metabolism In Vitro.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder traditionally characterised by the presence of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles in the brain. However, emerging research has highlighted additional metabolic hallmarks of AD pathology. These include the metabolic reprogramming of microglia in favour of glycolysis over oxidative phosphorylation.

Determination of Antioxidant, Antihemolytic, and Anti-Cancerous Activities and Its Augmentation of Cisplatin-Induced Cytotoxicity in A549 Lung Cancer Cells.

The anti-lung cancer properties of the plant have not been explored yet. Therefore, we identified its phytochemical composition and investigated the antioxidant, anti-hemolytic, and anti-cancerous properties of extracts of this plant in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. The results show that all parts of (stems, leaves, and fruits) exhibit remarkable hemolytic activities and modest antioxidant capacity.

Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Perspectives and Challenges.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and long-term impairment globally. TBI has a dynamic pathology, encompassing a variety of metabolic and molecular events that occur in two phases: primary and secondary. A forceful external blow to the brain initiates the primary phase, followed by a secondary phase that involves the release of calcium ions (Ca) and the initiation of a cascade of inflammatory processes, including mitochondrial dysfunction, a rise in oxidative stress, activation of glial cells, and damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), resulting in paracellular leakage.

Use of Animal Models for Investigating Cardioprotective Roles of SGLT2 Inhibitors.

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors represent one type of new-generation type 2 diabetes (T2DM) drug treatment. The mechanism of action of an SGLT2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) in treating T2DM depends on lowering blood glucose levels effectively via increasing the glomerular excretion of glucose. A good number of randomized clinical trials revealed that SGLT2is significantly prevented heart failure (HF) and cardiovascular death in T2DM patients.

Ethanolic extract of leaves exhibits potent anti-breast cancer potential and robust antioxidant properties.

Unlabelled: Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer overall. In women, BC is the most prevalent cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Triple-negative BC (TNBC) is the most aggressive BC, being resistant to hormonal and targeted therapies.

Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Gene Patterns Associated with Avian Pathogenic (APEC) from Broiler Chickens in Qatar.

Avian Pathogenic (APEC) is the contributing agent behind the avian infectious disease colibacillosis, which causes substantial fatalities in poultry industries that has a significant impact on the economy and food safety. Several virulence genes have been shown to be concomitant with the extraintestinal survival of APEC. This study investigates the antibiotic resistance patterns and APEC-associated virulence genes content in isolated from non-healthy and healthy broiler chickens from a commercial poultry farm in Qatar.