Six-year multicenter study on short-term peripheral venous catheters-related bloodstream infection rates in 246 intensive units of 83 hospitals in 52 cities of 14 countries of Middle East: Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Pakistan, Palestine, Sudan, Tunisia, Turkey, and United Arab Emirates-International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) findings.

Background: Short-term peripheral venous catheters-related bloodstream infections (PVCR-BSIs) rates have not been systematically studied, and data on their incidence by number of device-days is not available.

Methods: Prospective, surveillance study on PVCR-BSI conducted from September 1st, 2013 to 31st Mays, 2019 in 246 intensive care units (ICUs), members of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC), from 83 hospitals in 52 cities of 14 countries in the Middle East (Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Pakistan, Palestine, Sudan, Tunisia, Turkey, and United Arab Emirates). We applied U.

Six-year multicenter study on short-term peripheral venous catheters-related bloodstream infection rates in 727 intensive care units of 268 hospitals in 141 cities of 42 countries of Africa, the Americas, Eastern Mediterranean, Europe, South East Asia, and Western Pacific Regions: International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) findings.

Background: Short-term peripheral venous catheter-related bloodstream infection (PVCR-BSI) rates have not been systematically studied in resource-limited countries, and data on their incidence by number of device days are not available.

Methods: Prospective, surveillance study on PVCR-BSI conducted from September 1, 2013, to May 31, 2019, in 727 intensive care units (ICUs), by members of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC), from 268 hospitals in 141 cities of 42 countries of Africa, the Americas, Eastern Mediterranean, Europe, South East Asia, and Western Pacific regions. For this research, we applied definition and criteria of the CDC NHSN, methodology of the INICC, and software named INICC Surveillance Online System.

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) report, data summary of 45 countries for 2012-2017: Device-associated module.

Background: We report the results of International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2012 to December 2017 in 523 intensive care units (ICUs) in 45 countries from Latin America, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and Western Pacific.

Methods: During the 6-year study period, prospective data from 532,483 ICU patients hospitalized in 242 hospitals, for an aggregate of 2,197,304 patient days, were collected through the INICC Surveillance Online System (ISOS). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC-NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infection (DA-HAI) were applied.

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium report, data summary of 50 countries for 2010-2015: Device-associated module.

Background: We report the results of International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2010-December 2015 in 703 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and Western Pacific.

Methods: During the 6-year study period, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC-NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 861,284 patients hospitalized in INICC hospital ICUs for an aggregate of 3,506,562 days.

Results: Although device use in INICC ICUs was similar to that reported from CDC-NHSN ICUs, DA-HAI rates were higher in the INICC ICUs: in the INICC medical-surgical ICUs, the pooled rate of central line-associated bloodstream infection, 4.

Community-acquired pleuropneumonia in children: Bacteriological and therapeutic challenges.

Background Community-acquired pleuropneumonia (CPP) is a common complication of pneumonia in children. It is serious given its high morbidity and significant mortality. Aim To study clinical and paraclinical features of CPP in children and to establish a common therapeutic strategy.

Report of the Tunisian Registry of Primary Immunodeficiencies: 25-Years of Experience (1988-2012).

Purpose: Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are a large group of diseases characterized by susceptibility to not only recurrent infections but also autoimmune diseases and malignancies. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze the distribution, clinical features and eventual outcome of PID among Tunisian patients.

Methods: We reviewed the record of 710 patients diagnosed with Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases (PIDs) from the registry of the Tunisian Referral Centre for PIDs over a 25-year period.

Prevalence of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis infections in Tunisian hospitalized infants: results of a 4-year prospective study.

The prevalence of pertussis in Tunisia remains undetermined essentially because of the unavailability of a basic laboratory diagnostic service. Specific diagnostic tools were applied for the first time in a Tunisian prospective study in order to get a first estimation of the prevalence of Bordetella pertussis/parapertussis infections and to evaluate their use to determine the epidemiologic characteristics of these infections in Tunisian infants. Between 2007 and 2011, a total of 626 samples from 599 infants aged <1 year with and without pertussoid cough were investigated for the presence of B.

Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections requiring admission to a Tunisian pediatric intensive care unit.

Background: There is limited literature describing severe community acquired methicillin-resistant S aureus (CA-MRSA) in children admitted to an intensive care unit.

Aim: To review clinical features and outcome of children admitted in a Tunisian pediatric intensive care with CA-MRSA.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients coded for CAMRSA over 10 years.

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in a pediatric intensive care unit.

Introduction: Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection is an increasing problem worldwide. In developing countries, there is little data on CA-MRSA infection in children. This study reviewed the clinical features and outcomes of children admitted in a Tunisian pediatric intensive care unit with severe CA-MRSA infections.

The new health legacy: when pertussis becomes a heritage transmitted from mothers to infants.

Despite high vaccination coverage rates, there has been a gradual increase in reported pertussis cases. Although whooping cough affects all ages, young infants continue to suffer the greatest pertussis disease burden. Adolescents and adults are the primary source of infection for young babies.

[Management of the first hour of the pediatric septic shock patient].

Background: The pediatric septic shock mortality in Tunisia remains high (50%) and was markedly higher than in western countries (10%). The decrease in septic shock mortality has been obtained with the advent of the early goal directed therapy.

Aim: The aim of this paper is to propose to the first line practitioners in Tunisia, during the first hour after establishing the diagnosis of septic shock practical clinical guidelines based on earlier consensus recommendations.

[Neonatal respiratory morbidity after elective cesarean section at term].

Background: Incidence of elective caesareans at term is increasing these last decades with an associated increase of neonatal respiratory morbidity.

Aim: To analyse the influence of elective Caesarean delivery at term on the incidence of neonatal respiratory distress in order to propose an effective strategy of prevention.

Methods: It is an analytical study compiling all births resulting from elective Caesarean at term (gestational age ranging between 37 and 41+6 GA), reported over two years period at the Charles Nicolle hospital (Tunis-Tunisia).

Prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated respiratory tract infections in hospitalized children: results of a 4-year prospective study in Tunis.

Specific microbiologic, molecular, and serologic assays are hardly available in Tunis to confirm a suspected infection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP). These diagnosis methods were used for the first time in a Tunisian prospective study to estimate the prevalence of MP infection in children and to evaluate their usefulness for diagnosis. A total of 540 children hospitalized in Tunis for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) between 2005 and 2009 and 580 clinical specimens were investigated for the presence of MP by culture and by end-point polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the P1 and the 16S rRNA genes.

Sternal cleft, a rare congenital anomaly. Report of the first Tunisian case.

Background: Sternal cleft is an uncommon visually dramatic congenital anomaly of the chest wall. It is resulting of failure of the two lateral mesodermal sternal bars fusion by the eight weeks of gestation. Superior defects are the commonest forms, usually isolated.

[Current management of acute bronchiolitis in Tunisia].

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the current management practices of acute bronchiolitis by tunisian paediatricians.

Methods: A questionnaire was sent by mail to all tunisian paediatricians, about the most widely used drugs during the first stage of acute bronchiolitis. The answers were sent to us by mail in pre-stamped envelopes.

[Acute respiratory distress syndrome in infants at term and near term about 23 cases].

Aim: to precise the incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome in infants at term and near term and the clinical characteristics of this disease not yet well recognised.

Methods: Retrospective study of the medical records of infants admitted in the paediatric intensive care unit for ARDS along a period of 4 years. Diagnosis of ARDS was based on the following criterias: (1) Gestational age > or =35 weeks of gestation; (2) Severe and immediate respiratory distress requiring mechanical ventilation with PEEP > or =4 cmH2O and FiO2 > or = 0.

[Management of purpura fulminans apropos of 21 cases: diagnostic delay and therapeutic problems].

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic delay and therapeutic insufficiencies delay before the transfer in ICU of the children admitted in the ICU of the children's hospital of Tunis with a purpura fulminans (PF).

Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study, of children with PF referred between January 2000 and January 2006 to a the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of the children's hospital of Tunis. The PF diagnosis was retained in any child presenting a feverish purpura and circulatory insufficiency signs.

[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in two siblings. A case report].

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disorder in children. This report describes two siblings in whom PAP developed during infancy (three years for the boy and four years two months for the girl). The girl was admitted for chronic respiratory distress.