Identification Of Mutation Sites In Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3a In Non-Responders To Combination Therapy With Interferon- Αlfa And Ribavirin In Residents Of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province Pakistan.

Background: This study was carried out to search for mutations in the gene encoding for Non- Structural Protein 5A, specifically in the interferon sensitivity determining region of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 3a, isolated from serum samples of patients not responding to treatment with oral Ribavirin and Interferon alpha injections.

Methods: This descriptive case series was conducted on HCV patients reporting in the attached teaching hospitals of Peshawar Medical College selected by consecutive sampling technique from 1st July to 31st December 2012. Amino acid sequencing was performed at the Centre of Applied Molecular Biology Lahore.

Isolated Duodenal Injuries After Blunt Abdominal Trauma.

Isolated duodenal injury after blunt abdominal trauma is a very rare entity. In contrast to penetrating injuries, duodenal injuries after blunt trauma are difficult to diagnose. Early diagnosis and management is required to prevent high morbidity and mortality associated with these injuries.