Simvastatin loaded chitosan guided bone regeneration membranes stimulate bone healing.

Background And Objective: Electrospun chitosan membranes (ESCM) modified with short-chain fatty acids have the ability to control the release of simvastatin (SMV), an anti-cholesterol drug with osteogenic potential, for guided bone regeneration (GBR) applications. This study evaluated in vivo osteogenic effects of rapid short release of SMV (4 weeks) vs long sustained release (8 weeks) from acetic anhydride (AA)-and hexanoic anhydride (HA)-modified ESCMs, respectively.

Methods: AA ESCMs loaded with 10 or 50 µg SMV and HA ESCMs loaded with 50 µg SMV were evaluated for biocompatibility and bone formation at 4 and 8 weeks, in 5 mm critical size rat calvarial defects, using histological evaluation and micro-CT analysis.

A comparison of two types of electrospun chitosan membranes and a collagen membrane in vivo.

Background: Electrospun chitosan membranes subjected to post-spinning processes using either triethylamine/tert-butyloxycarbonyl (TEA/tBOC) or butyryl-anhydride (BA) modifications to maintain nanofiber structure have exhibited potential for use in guided bone regeneration applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate ability of the modified membranes to support healing of bone-grafted defects as compared to a commercial collagen membrane.

Method: TEA/tBOC-treated and BA-treated chitosan membranes were characterized for fiber morphology by electron microscopy, residual trifluoroacetic acid byF NMR and endotoxin level using an endotoxin quantitation kit (ThermoScientific, US).

Use of Collagen Matrix Scaffolds as a Substitute for Soft Tissue Augmentation: Case Series.

Introduction: The presence of keratinized mucosa (KM) around natural teeth is believed to be beneficial in certain restorative, prosthetic, and orthodontic situations. Lack of adequate KM is common and predictably treated by autogenous gingival grafts (AGGs); however, AGGs have the disadvantages of harvest site morbidity, limited donor site availability, and compromised esthetics.

Case Presentation: This case series presents the use of the xenogeneic porcine bilayer collagen matrix (BCM) in increasing the width of attached KM around natural teeth.

Mechanically stable surface-hydrophobilized chitosan nanofibrous barrier membranes for guided bone regeneration.

The use of chitosan based nanofiber membranes in guided bone regeneration (GBR) is limited by its uncontrolled swelling and mechanical instability in aqueous environments. This paper describes the significantly improved stability and properties of surface butyrylated chitosan nanofiber (BCSNF) membranes that greatly enhance their potential in GBR. The BCSNF membranes exhibited an overall degree of substitution of 1.

In vitro and in vivo evaluations of a novel post-electrospinning treatment to improve the fibrous structure of chitosan membranes for guided bone regeneration.

Electrospun chitosan membranes have been investigated for guided bone regeneration but are susceptible to swelling, dissolution, and loss of biomimetic nanofiber structure due to residual acid salts. A novel process was investigated for acidic salt removal from chitosan electrospun in 70% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) by treating with triethylamine (TEA)/acetone and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (tBOC) instead of the common NaCO treatment. TFA salt removal and nanofiber structure stabilization were confirmed by EDS, FTIR, F NMR and electron microscopy before and after soaking in water.