Exploring Cationic Guar Gum: Innovative Hydrogels and Films for Enhanced Wound Healing.

This study developed and characterized hydrogels (HG-CGG) and films (F-CGG) based on cationic guar gum (CGG) for application in wound healing. HG-CGG (2% /) was prepared by gum thickening and evaluated for pH, stability, spreadability, and viscosity. F-CGG was obtained using an aqueous dispersion of CGG (6% /) and the solvent casting method.

Mitigating amphotericin B cytotoxicity through gliadin-casein nanoparticles: Insights into synthesis, optimization, characterization, in vitro release and cytotoxicity evaluation.

Amphotericin B (AmB) is a widely used antifungal agent; however, its clinical application is limited due to severe side effects and nephrotoxicity associated with parenteral administration. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the utilization of food-grade materials as innovative components for nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems. This study introduces gliadin/casein nanoparticles encapsulating AmB (AmB_GliCas NPs), synthesized via antisolvent precipitation.

Optimized Chitosan-Based Nanoemulsion Improves Luteolin Release.

Luteolin (LUT) is a flavonoid found in several edible and medicinal plants. It is recognized for its biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antitumor effects. However, the limited water solubility of LUT leads to poor absorption after oral administration.

Nanotechnology-Based Approaches for Voriconazole Delivery Applied to Invasive Fungal Infections.

Invasive fungal infections increase mortality and morbidity rates worldwide. The treatment of these infections is still limited due to the low bioavailability and toxicity, requiring therapeutic monitoring, especially in the most severe cases. Voriconazole is an azole widely used to treat invasive aspergillosis, other hyaline molds, many dematiaceous molds, spp.

Polyethylene Glycol-Stabilized Zein Nanoparticles Containing Gallic Acid.

Research Background: Gallic acid is a polyphenol with antioxidant and antitumor activities; however, its use as a nutraceutical or drug is hindered by its low bioavailability. Zein is a natural protein found in corn and has been applied as nanoparticle drug carrier. In this study, zein nanoparticles were obtained and stabilized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) as gallic acid carriers.

COVID-19: The question of genetic diversity and therapeutic intervention approaches.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the largest pandemic in modern history with very high infection rates and considerable mortality. The disease, which emerged in China's Wuhan province, had its first reported case on December 29, 2019, and spread rapidly worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic and global health emergency.

Chitosan modified poly (lactic acid) nanoparticles increased the ursolic acid oral bioavailability.

Ursolic acid (UA) is a naturally occurring triterpene that has been investigated for its antitumor activity. However, its lipophilic character hinders its oral bioavailability, and therapeutic application. To overcome these limitations, chitosan (CS) modified poly (lactic acid) (PLA) nanoparticles containing UA were developed, characterized, and had their oral bioavailability assessed.

Intranasal administration of perillyl alcohol-loaded nanoemulsion and pharmacokinetic study of its metabolite perillic acid in plasma and brain of rats using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.

Perillyl alcohol (POH) is a monocyclic terpene that has strong antitumor activity. Brain tumors are particularly difficult to treat with therapeutic agents, and clinical trials have shown their low tolerance through oral administration. We proposed the entrapment of POH into an oil-in-water chitosan nanoemulsion aiming its intranasal administration for brain targeting.

Chitosan Nanoparticles Potentiate the in vitro and in vivo Effects of Curcumin and other Natural Compounds.

The development of biodegradable nanoparticles is an important tool for the biological transport of chemical compounds. The nanoencapsulation reduces the biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic drawbacks of compounds and enhances their biological properties. Naturally occurring polymers such as proteins and polysaccharides have been widely applied in the development of nanostructured systems of several therapeutic agents.

Nanoparticles as a Tool for Broadening Antifungal Activities.

Fungal infections are diseases that are considered neglected although their infection rates have increased worldwide in the last decades. Thus, since the antifungal arsenal is restricted and many strains have shown resistance, new therapeutic alternatives are necessary. Nanoparticles are considered important alternatives to promote drug delivery.

Zein-casein-lysine multicomposite nanoparticles are effective in modulate the intestinal permeability of ferulic acid.

The objective of this study was to develop zein-casein-lysine nanoparticles to modulate the intestinal permeability of ferulic acid (FA), a bioactive compound with proven antioxidant properties. The nanoparticles were obtained by a liquid-liquid dispersion method and were characterized in terms of mean size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, association efficiency (AE), in vitro drug release, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The in vitro intestinal permeability of nanoparticles was evaluated through Caco-2 and Caco-2/HT29-MTX monoculture and co-culture models, respectively.

Methacrylate saccharide-based monomers for dental adhesive systems.

The aim of this study was to synthesize three new methacrylate monomers based on the modification of saccharides structures (glucose-Gluc, sucrose-Sucr and chitosan-Chit) with glycidyl methacrylate, and to use them in the composition of dental adhesives. Three methacrylate saccharide monomers were synthesized and characterized by mid-IR, H and C NMR, antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effect. Monomers included: one monosaccharide - Gluc-MA; one disaccharide - Sucr-MA; and one polysaccharide - Chit-MA.

Effects of Silver Nanoparticle Exposure to the Testicular Antioxidant System during the Prepubertal Rat Stage.

Humans and environments are constantly exposed to a wide range of commercial products containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in their composition. The hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HP-testicular) axis is sensitive to low doses of AgNPs with repercussions in sperm functionality. The oxidative stress may be related to the pathogenesis of sperm alterations because Ag ions are released from AgNPs in the corporal fluids.

Study of the Effects of L-tryptophane Nanoparticles on Motor Behavior in Alzheimer's Experimental Models.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive and incapacitating decay of cognitive, neuropsychiatric, and behavioral manifestations. L-tryptophan is the precursor amino acid of serotonin, which is a neurotransmitter responsible for mood balance and the sense of well-being and can be administered in the form of nanoparticles.

Objective: This study analyzed the effectiveness of L-tryptophan nanoparticles and L-tryptophan on behavioral physiological alterations resulting from AD in animal models.

Chitosan functionalized poly (ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles for amphotericin B delivery.

Amphotericin B (AmB) is a broad-spectrum antifungal drug used in the treatment of fungal invasive infections. However, its clinical use has been limited due to its side effects and toxicity, especially the nephrotoxicity. Furthermore, AmB presents low aqueous solubility, low permeability over the membranes and poor stability in the gastric environment, which makes it unavailable to be administered by the oral route.

Formulation, characterization, and in vitro/in vivo studies of capsaicin-loaded albumin nanoparticles.

Capsaicin (CAP) is a secondary metabolite with high therapeutic potential. It displays several bioactive properties including hypolipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. However, CAP presents toxicity to healthy cells and poor pharmacokinetic profile, which is characterized by toxic metabolites and short half-life.

Bovine serum albumin nanoparticles improve the antitumour activity of curcumin in a murine melanoma model.

Curcumin is a natural compound presenting important antitumour activity. However, due to its low aqueous solubility, instability at physiological pH, and low oral bioavailability, its clinical use is limited. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles have been used as drug carriers to improve the drug properties.

Mucoadhesive chitosan-coated PLGA nanoparticles for oral delivery of ferulic acid.

This paper describes the development and in vitro evaluation of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles coated with chitosan (CS) for oral delivery of ferulic acid (FA). Nanoparticles were obtained by an emulsion evaporation technique and characterized. Furthermore, we evaluated the scavenging activity over hypochlorous acid (HOCl), the cytotoxicity over tumour cells and the in vitro intestinal permeability.

Preparation and In vitro Evaluation of Efficacy and Toxicity of Polysorbate 80-coated Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles containing Amphotericin B.

Objective: In this study, bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles coated with polysorbate- 80 (PS-80) and containing amphotericin B (AmB) were developed using a coacervation method.

Methods: The nanoparticles were spherical, had a uniform size distribution (polydispersity < 0.25), a small mean size (185 ± 5 nm), a high zeta potential (-38.

Antifungal Activity of Chitosan-Coated Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) Acid Nanoparticles Containing Amphotericin B.

Amphotericin B (AmB) is one of the most used drugs for the treatment of systemic fungal infections; however, the treatment causes several toxic manifestations, including nephrotoxicity and hemolytic anemia. Chitosan-coated poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles containing AmB were developed with the aim to decrease AmB toxicity and propose the oral route for AmB delivery. In this work, the antifungal efficacy of chitosan-coated PLGA nanoparticles containing AmB was evaluated in 20 strains of fungus isolates from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (01 Candida glabrata and 03 Candida albicans), bloodstream infections (04 C.

Application of a validated HPLC-PDA method for the determination of melatonin content and its release from poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles.

Melatonin is a natural hormone and with the advancement of age its production declines and thereby may result in some neurological disorders. Exogenous administration of melatonin has been suggested as a neuroprotective agent. Due to its low oral bioavailability, the loading of melatonin in polymeric nanoparticles could be an important tool to effectively use exogenous melatonin.

PLGA Nanoparticles and Polysorbate-80-Coated PLGA Nanoparticles Increase the In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Melatonin.

Background: Melatonin is an endogen substance with several physiological functions, acting as an important antioxidant. Our objective was to prepare nanoparticles composed of poly(lactic-coglycolic acid) (PLGA) coated with polysorbate 80 (PLGA-PS80) or uncoated (PLGA) nanoparticles containing melatonin (MLT) and evaluate their in vitro cytotoxicity over erythrocytes and in vitro antioxidant activity.

Methods: Nanoparticles were obtained by an emulsion-solvent evaporation method and characterized by size, morphology, polydispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, thermal properties and in vitro drug release profile.

Poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles loaded with ursolic acid: Characterization and in vitro evaluation of radical scavenging activity and cytotoxicity.

The purpose of this study was to develop poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanoparticles containing ursolic acid (UA) by an emulsification-solvent evaporation technique and evaluate the radical scavenging activity over hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and cytotoxicity over erythrocytes and tumor cells. Nanoparticles were successfully obtained and presented mean size of 246nm with spherical or slightly oval morphology, negative zeta potential and 96% of UA encapsulation efficiency. Analyses of FTIR, XRD and DSC-DTG suggest interaction/complexation of UA with PLA matrix and drug amorphization promoted by nanoencapsulation process.

Preparation, physicochemical characterization and antioxidant activity of diphenyl diselenide-loaded poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles.

In this study, we developed, characterized and evaluated the antioxidant activity of poly (lactic acid) nanoparticles containing diphenyl diselenide (PhSe). Nanoparticles were characterized in terms of mean particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release profile, physical stability, polymer-drug interactions and thermal properties. Also, the antioxidant activity of nanoparticles on hypochlorous acid (HOCl) was assessed.