Menadione perturbs oxidative stress biomarkers and testicular function indices of rats.

In this study, we evaluated the influence of menadione on the androgenic, oxidative stress biomarkers, and testicular function indices in rats. Rats (20) were randomized into four groups (A-D) of five rats each. Rats in groups A, B, C, and D received the vehicle of administration (olive oil), 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg body weight menadione intraperitoneally, respectively, for 7 days.

Lophirones B and C halt acetaminophen hepatotoxicity by upregulating redox transcription factor Nrf-2 through Akt, PI3K, and PKC pathways.

We investigated the mechanism of lophirones B- and C-mediated protection against acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Mice were pretreated with 20 mg/kg body weight lophirones B and C for 7 days and challenged with acetaminophen on day 7. Acetaminophen raised nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the liver of mice but lowered protein kinase B (Akt).

Involvement of oxidative stress in protocatechuic acid-mediated bacterial lethality.

The involvement of oxidative stress in protocatechuic acid-mediated bacterial lethality was investigated. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of protocatechuic acid against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus are 600 and 700 μg/ml, 600 and 800 μg/ml, and 600 and 800 μg/ml, respectively. The optical densities and colony-forming units of protocatechuic acid-treated bacteria decreased in time-dependent manner.