Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices in Cardiac Transplant Patients: A Comprehensive Review.

A fraction of patients (approximately 10%) undergoing heart transplantation require permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation due to sinus node dysfunction or atrioventricular block, occurring either shortly after surgery or later. The incidence of PPM implantation has declined to less than 5% with the introduction of bicaval anastomosis transplantation surgery. Pacing dependency during follow-up varies among recipients.

 (Teleostei, Pomacentridae), a new species of damselfish from mesophotic coral ecosystems of the Maldives.

A new species of (Teleostei, Pomacentridae) is described from four specimens collected between 95 and 110 m depth in mesophotic coral ecosystems in the Maldives, Indian Ocean. can be distinguished from all of its congeners by the following combination of characters: dorsal-fin rays XIII, 12-13; anal-fin rays II,11-12; pectoral-fin rays 17-18; tubed lateral-line scales 17; gill rakers 7+17-18 = 24-25; pearly white body with a large black marking covering the anterior two-thirds of the anal fin. The closest DNA barcode sequence (5.

Molecular imaging with 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in high grade glioma: A biomarker for tumour neo-angiogenesis.

There are several promising radiotracers used for both staging and restaging of primary and recurrent brain tumours based on various mechanisms of tracer localization in tumour cells. 68Ga-PSMA PET has extremely low background uptake in normal brain tissue and consequently high tumour-to-brain ratio making it a promising imaging radiotracer for gliomas. 68Ga-PSMA demonstrates utility in evaluating high grade glioma during both initial workup or when suspecting recurrence.

The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in Neurolymphomatosis: A Comprehensive Imaging Approach.

Neurolymphomatosis (NL) is an uncommon and rare neurologic disorder characterised by extranodal lymphoma, where the tumour cells invade the cranial nerves, nerve plexus, nerve root, spinal nerve roots, trunk nerves or peripheral nerves. MRI is the modality of choice, but is often challenging in detection of early recurrence, assessing residual disease and response evaluation. 18FFDG PET/CT has superior diagnostic performance compared with body CT in the evaluation of NL.

Assessment of regional and total skeletal metabolism using F-NaF PET/CT in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objective: The study aims to assess regional and total bone metabolic activity in patients with chronic kidney disease using Na[F]F PET and correlation between semi-quantitative indices and blood parameters.

Methods: Seventy-two subjects (mean age 61.8 ± 13.

Functional Characterization of Posttraumatic Heterotopic Ossification of Tibiofibular Syndesmosis with Dynamic Bone Scan and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography.

A 53-year-old man was investigated for ongoing right ankle pain and lateral malleolus swelling following a traumatic inversion injury 12 weeks prior. The initial ankle radiograph was normal with no evidence of fracturing. The follow-up radiograph showed bridging ossification in the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis.

Prospective study of Na[F]F PET/CT for cancer staging in morbidly obese patients compared with [Tc]Tc-MDP whole-body planar, SPECT and SPECT/CT.

Purpose: This prospective study aims to assess the diagnostic test characteristics of Na[F]F PET/CT for the skeletal staging of cancer in morbidly obese patients compared with Tc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP), whole-body planar (WBS), SPECT, and SPECT/CT acquisitions.

Material And Methods: One hundred seventeen obese patients (BMI 46.5 ± 6.

 (Teleostei, Labridae), a new species of fairy wrasse from the Maldives, with comments on the taxonomic identity of and .

is redescribed on the basis of the juvenile holotype and compared to known species of . Examination of material from the Maldives identified as reveal differences from the holotype collected from the Chagos Archipelago. Consequently, the Maldivian specimens are herein described as , on the basis of the holotype and twelve paratypes.

Therapy-induced bone changes in oncology imaging with F-sodium fluoride (NaF) PET-CT.

F-Sodium fluoride (F-NaF) is a PET tracer that is mostly used in the evaluation of bone metastasis in oncology cases. Recently, F-NaF PET/CT is gaining wide popularity owing to its higher sensitivity over the other conventional bone tracer with higher and rapid single-pass extraction, negligible plasma protein binding, rapid blood, and renal clearance. In the era of constant evolution of cancer therapy regimens, considerable bone health impact is seen in the form of avascular necrosis, insufficiency fractures, among others.

F-Sodium Fluoride (NaF) Uptake in Calcified Bladder Carcinoma: Double Density Sign.

F-Sodium fluoride (NaF) is primarily a skeletal imaging agent which can be localized in extraosseous calcified foci. Here, we describe a case of a 48-year-old man with bladder carcinoma referred for staging using F-NaF positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). F-NaF PET/CT detected a calcified soft tissue mass in the urinary bladder.

Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Diagnostic Challenge during COVID Vaccination.

Benign metabolic uptake on fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F-FDG PET) is not uncommonly seen after immunization. We report a case of 30-year-old man with Hodgkin's lymphoma who underwent two cycles of chemotherapy. Interim F-FDG PET/computed tomography demonstrated complete metabolic response of prior hypermetabolic bilateral supraclavicular and mediastinal lymph nodes.

Excellent Response to Adapted Low-Dose 177Lu-PSMA-617 PSMA Therapy in Renal Compromise Patient.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy with 177Lu-PSMA-617 has shown promising results in patients with metastasized castration-resistant prostate cancer. We report a case of a 74-year-old man with metastatic prostate cancer with comorbidities of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. In order to minimize radiation burden to kidneys, a lower dose of 4 GBq of 177Lu-PSMA-617 was prescribed instead of the usual 6 to 7 GBq.

Update on imaging in chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder: promising role of functional imaging.

Disorders of mineral metabolism and bone disease are common complications in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Bone biopsies, bone scintigraphy, biochemical markers, and plain films have been used to assess bone disorders and bone turnover. Of these, functional imaging is less invasive than bone/marrow sampling, more specific than serum markers and is therefore ideally placed to assess total skeletal metabolism.

Thyroid Cancer Detected on 68Ga-PMSA PET/CT.

Ga-68 PSMA is a promising radiotracer for both staging and detection of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer. PSMA is also expressed in the endothelium of tumour-associated neo vasculature of various solid malignancies possibly due to tumour-associated angiogenic factors and endothelial cell sprouting. We report a case of 72-yearold male with known prostate cancer on follow-up with mild increase in serum PSA level.

Ga-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Uptake as a Surrogate Biomarker of Neovascularity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (Ga-PSMA) is expressed in the endothelium of tumor-associated neovasculature of various solid malignancies possibly due to tumor-associated angiogenic factors and endothelial cell sprouting. We report a case of a 45-year-old man with known colorectal cancer, cirrhosis, and hepatitis C. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a hypervascular lesion in the liver, and F- positron emission tomography (PET) did not show any suspicious hepatic uptake.

PET-CT for staging pT4b melanomas prior to sentinel lymph node biopsy: a 5-year review.

In this centre, patients with pT4b cutaneous melanoma are staged using 18F-FDG PET-computed tomography (PET-CT) prior to considering sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). The objective was to assess the utility of PET-CT in terms of rates of detection of metastases leading to changes in planned treatment and if performing PET-CT was associated with a delay in surgical management. In this single-centre retrospective cohort study, 88 consecutive patients with pT4b melanoma were identified from February 2014 to May 2019.

18F-FDG PET Uptake in the Scalp After Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy.

18F-FDG PET/CT has been found useful for the detection of the source of infection/inflammation in the body. Platelet-rich plasma is a new treatment modality in which plasma is injected subdermally or intradermally for potential hair regrowth into the scalp. We report a case of 43-year-old woman with right breast cancer who underwent surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy 2 years ago and is currently on hormonal therapy.

COVID-19 Vaccination Manifesting as Incidental Lymph Nodal Uptake on 18F-FDG PET/CT.

Benign uptake on 18F-FDG PET can be seen with inflammatory conditions. We report a case of an 86-year-old woman with successfully treated nasal melanoma who underwent routine follow-up 18F-FDG PET, day 6 after the second dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine inoculated in the left deltoid muscle. 18F-FDG PET showed increase tracer uptake in the left deltoid muscle and in 2 normal-sized left subpectoral nodes.

The clinical effectiveness of reconstructing F-sodium fluoride PET/CT bone using Bayesian penalized likelihood algorithm for evaluation of metastatic bone disease in obese patients.

Objective: A new Bayesian penalized likelihood reconstruction algorithm for positron emission tomography (PET) (Q.Clear) is now in clinical use for fludeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT. However, experience with non-FDG tracers and in special patient populations is limited.

Occult Bone Metastases From Hepatocellular Carcinoma Detected on 68Ga-PMSA PET/CT.

68Ga-PSMA is an excellent radiotracer for both staging and detection of recurrence in prostate cancer, but it can also be useful in other solid tumors due to tumor-associated angiogenic factors and endothelial cell sprouting. We report a case of an 82-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma who presented with rising tumor marker but stable CT findings 6 months after transarterial chemoembolization. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT showed high PSMA-expressing hyperneovascular hepatic lesions (primary tumor), additional multifocal hepatic lesions, and with unexpected multiple bone metastases.

F-NaF PET/CT of Obese Patients on a Lutetium-Yttrium Oxyorthosilicate PET/CT System: Patient Dosimetry, Optimization of Injected Activity, and Acquisition Time.

F-NaF PET/CT has a rapid single-pass extraction and fast clearance from soft tissues, resulting in a good target-to-background ratio. This study aimed to establish the optimum acquisition time and dosimetry for F-NaF PET/CT to evaluate bone metastases in obese patients. A secondary objective was to evaluate the impact of acquisition time on image quality, lesion detection rate, noise level, and radiation burden in this patient group.

18F-Sodium Fluoride PET/CT Findings in Osteitis Condensans Ilii.

Osteitis condensans ilii (OCI) is a benign cause of low back pain for which no clear etiology has been identified. We report cases of 2 women with breast cancer referred for 18F-NaF PET/CT for skeletal staging. Both cases show characteristic findings of OCI on CT images, with 18F-NaF PET uptake in symptomatic patient and no uptake in asymptomatic.

Incidental brain metastasis of breast cancer detected on 18F-Sodium Fluoride (NaF) PET-CT.

18F- Sodium Fluoride (NaF) is an excellent bone imaging agent used for skeletal staging but can also be localized in extra osseous calcifying lesions. We report a case of a 38-year-old woman with breast carcinoma referred for 18F-NaF PET-CT to evaluate possible metastatic lesions. 18F-NaF PET-CT detected incidental focal soft tissue tracer uptake in the right cerebellum with no sign of calcification seen on CT images.