Prevention of Blood Incompatibility Related Hemagglutination: Blocking of Antigen A on Red Blood Cells Using Designed Recombinant Anti-A scFv.

Critical blood shortages plague healthcare systems, particularly in lower-income and middle-income countries. This affects patients requiring regular transfusions and creates challenges during emergencies where universal blood is vital. To address these shortages and support blood banks during emergencies, this study reports a method for increasing the compatibility of blood group A red blood cells (RBCs) by blocking surface antigen-A using anti-A single chain fragment variable (scFv).

Computational Exploration of Royle: A Hidden Treasure Trove for Antiviral Development.

Viral infections and associated illnesses account for approximately 3.5 million global fatalities and public health problems. Medicinal plants, with their wide therapeutic range and minimal side effects, have gained limelight particularly in response to growing concerns about drug resistance and sluggish development of antiviral drugs.

In Vivo Validation of Novel Synthetic Peptide-Based Vaccine Candidates against Strains in BALB/c Mice.

is a Gram-negative bacterium characterized as a small, nonmotile, facultative anaerobic coccobacillus. It is a common cause of a variety of invasive and non-invasive infections. Among six serotypes (a-f), type b (Hib) is the most familiar and predominant mostly in children and immunocompromised individuals.

Exploring the inhibitory potential of against dengue virus NS2B/NS3 protease and NS5 polymerase using computational approaches.

Dengue fever, a highly infectious and rapidly spreading vector borne illness, is classified as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) by WHO because they generally afflict the world's poor and historically have not received as much attention as other diseases. DENV NS2B/NS3 protease and NS5 polymerase are regarded as significant prospective therapeutic targets because of their critical involvement in the viral replication cycle. To date, no specific antiviral agents exist for dengue.

Red Blood Cell Substitutes: Liposome Encapsulated Hemoglobin and Magnetite Nanoparticle Conjugates as Oxygen Carriers.

The established blood donation and transfusion system has contributed a lot to human health and welfare, but for this system to function properly, it requires a sufficient number of healthy donors, which is not always possible. Pakistan was a country hit hardest by COVID-19 which additionally reduced the blood donation rates. In order to address such challenges, the present study focused on the development of RBC substitutes that can be transfused to all blood types.

Engineering Modified mRNA-Based Vaccine against Dengue Virus Using Computational and Reverse Vaccinology Approaches.

Dengue virus belonging to the family and its four serotypes are responsible for dengue infections, which extend over 60 countries in tropical and subtropical areas of the world including Pakistan. During the ongoing dengue outbreak in Pakistan (2022), over 30,000 cases have been reported, and over 70 lives have been lost. The only commercialized vaccine against DENV, Dengvaxia, cannot be administered as a prophylactic measure to cure this infection due to various complications.

High-Quality Genome Resource of (UV2_4G), Causal Agent of an Emerging False Smut Disease in Rice.

is the fungal pathogen causing an emerging false smut disease that affects crop yield as well as deteriorates quality of the grains by producing mycotoxins. A high quality genome of isolate UV2_4G was sequenced using Nanopore and Illumina HiSeq 2,000 sequencing platforms. The total assembled genome of Indian isolate UV2_4G was 35.

Molecular Programming of Drought-Challenged -Bioprimed Rice ( L.).

biopriming enhances rice growth in drought-stressed soils by triggering various plant metabolic pathways related to antioxidative defense, secondary metabolites, and hormonal upregulation. In the present study, transcriptomic analysis of rice cultivar IR64 bioprimed with under drought stress was carried out in comparison with drought-stressed samples using next-generation sequencing techniques. Out of the 2,506 significant ( < 0.

Seed Biopriming With Strains Isolated From Tree Bark Improves Plant Growth, Antioxidative Defense System in Rice and Enhance Straw Degradation Capacity.

This study is a unique report of the utilization of strains collected from even tree barks for rice plant growth, its health management, and paddy straw degradation. Seven different spp. of were characterized according to morphological and molecular tools.

Gender focused training and knowledge enhances the adoption of climate resilient seeds.

Adoption of any agricultural technology depends upon the way in which farmers are being informed about its benefits. Educational status, caste, gender and other social issues also play a significant role in the adoption process. To evaluate the impact of trainings on quality seed production, access to the climate resilient rice seeds, availability of information about seed sources and use of IRRI super bags, a randomized experimental research was carried out over a period of two years across five different states of India.

Heavy parasitemia in babesiosis treated without adjunctive red cell exchange.

Babesiosis is a tick-borne infectious disease caused by the protozoa Babesia but transplacental, and transfusion transmission may occur. While most infections are asymptomatic, rarely, it can present with a severe, life-threatening illness. Treatment is primarily with antibiotics, but red cell exchange (RCE) has been used in more severe cases which are characterized by high-grade parasitemia, evidence of severe hemolysis and or multi-organ failure.

No yield penalty under favorable conditions paving the way for successful adoption of flood tolerant rice.

Flooding is one of the major constraints for rice production in rainfed lowlands, especially in years and areas of high rainfall. Incorporating the Sub1 (Submergence1) gene into high yielding popular varieties has proven to be the most feasible approach to sustain rice production in submergence-prone areas. Introgression of this QTL into popular varieties has resulted in considerable improvement in yield after flooding.

Rare but not forgotten: A case of meningitis due to ceftriaxone-resistant .

Despite the dramatic decrease in invasive pneumococcal disease since the widespread use of the first pneumococcal vaccine, invasive and resistant disease still occurs. We present a case of ceftriaxone-resistant pneumococcal meningitis suggesting that continued vigilance is warranted for empiric treatment of meningitis when is a concern.

Identification of siderophore producing and cynogenic fluorescent Pseudomonas and a simple confrontation assay to identify potential bio-control agent for collar rot of chickpea.

In soil, plant roots coexist with bacteria and fungi that produce siderophores capable of sequestering the available iron. Microbial cyanogenesis has been demonstrated in many species of fungi and in a few species of bacteria (e.g.

Crop specific plant growth promoting effects of ACCd enzyme and siderophore producing and cynogenic fluorescent Pseudomonas.

Fluorescent Pseudomonas, aerobic, Gram-negative bacteria possess many traits that make them well suited as biocontrol and growth promoting agents. Our study revealed that isolates vary in mechanisms involved in the antagonist interactions against pathogen and growth stimulatory effects on host plant. Most of the potential antagonistic fluorescent Pseudomonas identified were avid iron chelators (P233, P201, 176, P76 and, P76).

A Molecular Approach Designed to Limit the Replication of Mature DENV2 in Host Cells.

Dengue virus (DENV) is an arthropod-borne virus, which belongs to the Flaviviridae family, and completes its life cycle in two hosts: humans and mosquitoes. For DENV maturation, the surface pre-membrane (prM) protein is cleaved to form a mature membrane protein (M) by furin, which is a cellular enzyme subsequently releasing the mature virus from the host dendritic cell. The objective of the current study was to inhibit mature DENV isotype 2 (DENV2) by RNA-interference in a Vero-81 cell line.

Hepatitis C virus capsid protein and intracellular lipids interplay and its association with hepatic steatosis.

Background: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is a major causative agent for chronic liver disease worldwide. Hepatic steatosis is a frequent histological feature in patients with chronic HCV. Both host and viral factors are involved in steatosis development.

Over expression of a synthetic gene encoding interferon lambda using relative synonymous codon usage bias in Escherichia coli.

Interferon Lambda (IFN-λ) is a type III interferon which belongs to a novel family of cytokines and possesses antiviral and antitumor properties. It is unique in its own class of cytokines; because of the specificity towards its heterodimer receptors and its structural similarities with cytokines of other classes. This renders IFN-λ a better choice for the treatment against many diseases including viral hepatitis and human coronavirus (HCoV-EMC).

Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection among transgender men in Rawalpindi (Pakistan).

Background: Transgender males are at high risk for sexually transmitted diseases including AIDS caused by the notorious Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), yet little consideration is given by the policy makers, researchers and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) towards this sensitive issue in Pakistan.

Methods: In this study, we have investigated the prevalence of HIV infection among 306 transgender males with a median age of 29 years (range 15-64 years) residing in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Rapid HIV antibody-screening methods including the strip test and Enzyme Linked Immuno-absorbent tests were employed to detect HIV antibodies among the subjects.