Physical Inactivity and its Sociodemographic Determinants among Adults: A Community-Based Study.

Introduction: Physical inactivity (PI) is the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality and is potentially modifiable. Understanding its sociodemographic correlates can contribute in planning preventive measures to reduce the same.

Aims And Objectives: 1) To estimate the prevalence of PI among adults aged 20-60 years and 2) to identify the sociodemographic determinants of PI among adults.

A Comparative Study on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence Among the Tribal and Non-tribal Populations Living With HIV/AIDS in Ranchi, India.

Background: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the most serious public health exigencies across the globe. However, equally brawny is the global commitment to halt new HIV infections from occurring and ensure that everyone with the disease has access to HIV treatment.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out at an antiretroviral therapy (ART) center in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India, in 2023.

Comparative Assessment of Periodontal Status in Subjects with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Correlation with Body Mass Index: A Cross-Sectional Study.

New avenues for research have opened, which assess the influence of systemic disease on periodontium and vice versa. To find the correlation between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and periodontium by assessing clinical parameters [plaque index (PI), probing depth, periodontal disease index (PDI)] and the anthropological parameter [body mass index (BMI)] and to find the correlation between body mass index and periodontal disease index in subjects with and without PCOS. Sixty females comprising 30 with PCOS and 30 without PCOS were selected.

A Study of Complications, Sinonasal Predispositions and Microbiological Profile of Chronic Otitis Media.

Keeping in view the changing flora of chronic otitis media (COM), geographical variability of its complications and differential prevalence of sinonasal predisposing diseases in these patients, we studied the microbiological profile along with the complications and sino-nasal diseases in patients with COM. It was a Cross-sectional study conducted during Nov 2017 to Dec 2019 in department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, AMU, Aligarh. The study included 200 cases of chronic suppurative otitis media, both Mucosal (safe) and Squamous (unsafe) type, out of which 111 (55.

Facilitators and barriers influencing the post-crash emergency care of road traffic injuries in district Aligarh of Uttar Pradesh.

Context: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) will become the fifth leading cause of death by 2030. It is often possible to mitigate the consequences of serious injury if victims have access to prompt, effective pre-hospital care within minutes following the crash.

Aims: To find out the facilitators and barriers for providing post-crash emergency care in Road traffic injuries in district Aligarh.

Prevalence of bronchial asthma in school going children: A cross-sectional study from Uttar Pradesh.

Background: Asthma is coined as a chronic inflammatory disorder and disarrays of the airways and respiratory tract which manifests as recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and cough. The World Health Organization recognizes asthma as a major health problem. Although asthma can occur at any age, children and young adults are the age groups which are affected more commonly.

Premenstrual syndrome: Prevalence, symptoms, and associated risk factors among adolescent girls in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a collection of physical, cognitive, affective, and behavioral cyclically occurring symptoms during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle which resolves later. The study aims to find the prevalence and symptoms of PMS and risk factors associated with it among school-going adolescent girls in Aligarh. A total of 422 girls (Class 6 to 12) were taken by systematic random sampling with probability proportionate to size.

Post-crash emergency care: Availability and utilization pattern of existing facilities in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh.

Context: Road traffic injuries is estimated to be the ninth leading cause of death across all age groups globally. People in need of trauma care, after a road crash, are most likely to survive if they receive definitive care within the first hour (Golden hour) after the crash. Essential prehospital care includes prompt communication, treatment, and transport of injured people to formal healthcare facilities.

World Health Organization Dimensions of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy: A Study at Antiretroviral Therapy Centre, Aligarh.

Introduction: With the availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and subsequent change in the HIV/AIDS disease dynamic to a chronic manageable disease, adherence studies have received increasing attention. However, there is a paucity of studies that have considered World Health Organization (WHO) dimensions of adherence to ART. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objectives of determining the prevalence of adherence and the association of various factors across five WHO dimensions to adherence.

Disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth and its sociodemographic determinants - A barrier to healthcare utilization in rural population.

Context: The provider-driven disrespect and abuse (DA) of women during childbirth is a marker for quality of maternal care and violation of basic human rights.

Aims: This study was done to assess prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of DA experienced during facility-based childbirth.

Settings And Design: This is a cross-sectional, community-based study done in six villages in the district of Aligarh, north India.

Adverse eating behavior and its association with obesity in Indian adolescents: Evidence from a nonmetropolitan city in India.

Introduction: With the so-called modernization, the epidemiological and sociocultural context of adolescents in developing countries is rapidly changing and is affecting their eating behavior and dietary choices. The objective of our study is twofold. First, our study seeks to find whether there is a prevalence of the adverse eating behaviors among the adolescents.

Improvements in Essential Newborn Care and Newborn Resuscitation Services Following a Capacity Building and Quality Improvement Program in Three Districts of Uttar Pradesh, India.

Background: Neonatal death remains a global challenge contributing to 45% of underfive deaths. With rising institutional delivery, to accelerate decline in neonatal mortality rate (NMR) improvement in the quality of perinatal care requires attention.

Objectives: This implementation research targeted improving service delivery readiness for quality of newborn care at public health facilities in three districts of Uttar Pradesh, India, with high NMR.

Dietary Diversity and Stunting among Infants and Young Children: A Cross-sectional Study in Aligarh.

Context: Child undernutrition is a public health problem in a developing country like India. Dietary diversity is an important immediate determinant of undernutrition.

Aims: The aim of this study is to find the prevalence of stunting among infants and young children aged 6-23 months and its association with dietary diversity.

Locomotor problems among rural elderly population in a District of Aligarh, North India.

Introduction: Locomotor functions decline with the age along with other physiological changes. This results in deterioration of the quality of life with decreased social and economic role in the society, as well as increased dependency, for the health care and other basic services. The demographic transition resulting in increased proportion of elderly may pose a burden to the health system.

Complementary feeding practices among children aged 6-23 months in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh.

Context: Complementary feeding practices play an important role in the growth and development of the children.

Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of complementary feeding practices among children aged 6-23 months and its association with various sociodemographic factors.

Settings And Design: The study was a community-based, cross-sectional study conducted at field practice area of Urban Health Training Centre and Rural Health Training Centre, Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh.

The dire need for primary care specialization in India: Concerns and challenges.

Primary health care is an evidence-based priority, but it is still inadequately supported in many countries. Ironically, on one hand, India is a popular destination for medical tourism due to the affordability of high quality of health care and, on the other hand, ill health and health care are the main reasons for becoming poor through medical poverty traps. Surprisingly, this is despite the fact that India was committed to 'Health for All by 2000' in the past, and is committed to 'Universal Health Coverage' by 2022! Clearly, these commitments are destined to fail unless something is done to improve the present state of affairs.

A study on nutritional status of school-going adolescents in Aligarh, India.

Adolescence is a highly vulnerable period for malnutrition. This study was based on a Global School Health Survey methodology in the 13-15-year age group; employing WHO AnthroPlus to evaluate the nutritional status, find the prevalence of both extremes of malnutrition, compare with the growth curves and to find its sociodemographic correlates. A total of 1456 students were sampled and the mean BMI for age Z score was found to be -0.

EXISTENCE OF RULE OF HALVES IN HYPERTENSION: AN EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS IN AN INDIAN VILLAGE.

Introduction: India is a country in transition, the population is graying and the non communicable diseases are rising. In the rural areas of India, the detection of hypertension is poor because of limited healthcare facilities and poor awareness among the people. In one such village, Mirzapur, adopted by the Aligarh Muslim University, there is a planned project to control hypertension in the villages through some innovative approaches.

Role models and occupational ambitions of in-school male adolescents.

Background: A role model is perceived as worthy of imitation, their selection can indicate significant elements of psychosocial health and self-projection in adolescents. Patterns of behavior and lifestyle choices established during adolescence can have immediate and lasting effects on health.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional study was undertaken in the schools of Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Impact of behavior change communication among pregnant women regarding neonatal care.

Objectives: To assess the behavior of pregnant women regarding neonatal care. Also to implement and assess impact of Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) package among pregnant women regarding neonatal care.

Methods: This community based intervention study was conducted in field practice area of Urban Health Training Centre (UHTC), Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital (JNMCH), Aligarh Muslim University (A.

Home-based management of acute diarrhoeal disease in an urban slum of Aligarh, India.

Introduction: Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Most deaths are caused by dehydration and are easily preventable by using oral rehydration therapy. Early management and recognition of danger signs are key strategies in treating diarrhoeal diseases at home.

Lifestyle and gallstone disease: scope for primary prevention.

Objective: To study the antecedent risk factors in the causation of gallstone disease in a hospital-based case control study.

Materials And Methods: Cases (n = 150) from all age groups and both sexes with sonographically proven gallstones were recruited over a duration of 3 months from the surgical wards of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Modes of presentation were also noted among cases.

Determinants of vitamin A deficiency amongst children in Aligarh District, Uttar Pradesh.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and determinants of xerophthalmia among children aged 0-60 months .

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 3571 children under 5 years of age from six villages and four periurban areas. Children with xerophthalmia were identified and severity graded using the WHO classification.

Global developmental delay and its determinants among urban infants and toddlers: a cross sectional study.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of global developmental delay among children under 3 years of age and study the determinant factors.

Methods: Cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in field practice areas of the Department of Community Medicine, JN Medical College, Aligarh, India. A total of 468 (243 boys and 225 girls) children aged 0-3 years were included.