Bispectral EEG (BSEEG) quantifying neuro-inflammation in mice induced by systemic inflammation: A potential mouse model of delirium.

Most of the animal studies using inflammation-induced cognitive change have relied on behavioral testing without objective and biologically solid methods to quantify the severity of cognitive disturbances. We have developed a bispectral EEG (BSEEG) method using a novel algorithm in clinical study. This method effectively differentiates between patients with and without delirium, and predict long-term mortality.

A biocompatible theranostic nanoplatform based on magnetic gadolinium-chelated polycyclodextrin: in vitro and in vivo studies.

A novel theranostic nanoplatform was prepared based on FeO nanoparticles (NPs) coated with gadolinium ions decorated-polycyclodextrin (PCD) layer (FeO@PCD-Gd) and employed for Curcumin (CUR) loading. The dissolution profile of CUR indicated a pH sensitive release manner. FeO@PCD-Gd NPs exhibited no significant toxicity against both normal and cancerous cell lines (MCF 10A and 4T1, respectively); while the CUR-free NPs showed more toxicity against 4T1 than MCF 10A cells.

Does alpha-lipoic acid-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers improve post-thawed sperm quality and ameliorate apoptosis-related genes of rooster sperm?

Oxidative stress could be prevented by antioxidant-loaded nanoparticles. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of 10 (A10), 20 (A20), 30 (A30), 40 (A40), and 50 (A50) μM alpha-lipoic acid and alpha-lipoic acid nanostructured lipid carriers (ALN) at 10 (ALN10), 20 (ALN20), 30 (ALN30), 40 (ALN40), and 50 (ALN50) μM on post-thawed sperm quality, fertility, and apoptosis-related genes of rooster sperm. The extender supplemented with ALN30 led to higher total and progressive motility, straight-line velocity, and linearity in comparison to the control group.

Real Clinical Practice and Therapeutic Management Following COVID-19 Crisis in two Hospitals in Iran: A Statistical and Conceptual View.

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak quickly has spread and became a pandemic. However, no approved therapeutics or effective treatment is available for the treatment of these patients. The present study was done to retrospectively assess the treatment strategies (e.

Immunoinformatic design of a COVID-19 subunit vaccine using entire structural immunogenic epitopes of SARS-CoV-2.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute pneumonic disease, with no prophylactic or specific therapeutical solution. Effective and rapid countermeasure against the spread of the disease's associated virus, SARS-CoV-2, requires to incorporate the computational approach. In this study, we employed various immunoinformatics tools to design a multi-epitope vaccine polypeptide with the highest potential for activating the human immune system against SARS-CoV-2.

The effect of caring intervention (physical activity, diet and counseling) on gestational diabetes for pregnant women with metabolic syndrome.

Objective: Metabolic syndrome and its indexes is one of the critical health problems during pregnancy. This study aimed to examine the effects of a care intervention program on pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with Metabolic Syndrome during 2017-2018.

Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted in 120 singleton pregnant women with metabolic syndrome.

Fracture micromechanics of human dentin: A microscale numerical model.

In the present study, we investigate the effects of microstructural morphology and heterogeneity on the initiation and propagation of microcracks in dentin. We create 2D pre-cracked models of human dentin at the microscale level and use a brittle fracture framework of the phase-field method to analyze the crack growth. We discuss the influence of the microstructural features on crack deflection, microcracking, and uncracked ligament bridging through various regions in dentin.

Impact of Acoustic Noise Reduction on Patient Experience in Routine Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Objectives: Acoustic noise emission from MRI scanners is considered a major factor of patient discomfort during routine MRI examinations. We prospectively evaluated the impact of acoustic noise reduction using software implementations in routine clinical MRI on subjective patient experience and image quality.

Methods: Two-hundred consecutive patients undergoing one of four MRI examinations (brain, lumbar spine, shoulder, and knee) at a single center were prospectively randomized into two groups at a 1 to 1 ratio: standard MRI examination and MRI examination with acoustic noise reduction.

Immunopathological similarities between COVID-19 and influenza: Investigating the consequences of Co-infection.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a global public health emergency since December 2019, and so far, more than 980,000 people (until September 24, 2020) around the world have died. SARS-CoV-2 mimics the influenza virus regarding methods and modes of transmission, clinical features, related immune responses, and seasonal coincidence. Accordingly, co-infection by these viruses is imaginable because some studies have reported several cases with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus co-infection.

The effect of apnea management on novel coronavirus infection: A study on patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: To assess the frequency of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and the effect of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) management on COVID-19 among patients with confirmed OSA.

Design: Cross-sectional telephone interview survey.

Setting: Academic sleep labs.

Superficial and Deep Foveal Avascular Zone Area Measurement in Healthy Subjects Using Two Different Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Devices.

Purpose: To compare the area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in the superficial and deep retinal layers using two different spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) devices.

Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted to obtain macular OCTA images from healthy subjects using Optovue RTVue XR Avanti (Optovue, Inc, Fremont, CA) and Spectralis HRA+OCTA (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). Two independent trained graders measured the FAZ area using automated slab segmentation.

Effect of crocin and naringenin supplementation in cryopreservation medium on post-thaw rooster sperm quality and expression of apoptosis associated genes.

The aim of our study was to examine the effects of crocin (0.5 (C0.5), 1 (C1) and 1.

The Impact of Sex Differences on Renal Protective Effects of Lipopolysaccharide Preconditioning in Septic Shock.

Background: Induction of septic shock by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) may lead to acute renal failure. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of sex differences on the effectiveness of low-dose LPS preconditioning (LPS-PC) on LPS-induced acute renal failure in rats.

Methods: This study was conducted at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, in 2017.

Advanced multimodality MR imaging of a cerebral nocardiosis abscess in an immunocompetent patient with a focus on Amide Proton Transfer weighted imaging.

Cerebral nocardiosis abscess is a very rare entity in an immunocompetent patient. In this case report multiparametric and multimodality MR imaging characteristics of a pyogenic brain abscess caused by Nocardia Farcinica are discussed with a specific focus on amide proton transfer weighted imaging as a modern non-invasive, molecular MR imaging method which detects endogenous mobile protein and peptide concentration and tissue pH changes in pathologic brain lesions. The imaging characteristics are reviewed and discussed in respect to possible differential diagnoses, especially malignant tumorous lesions.

Wireless steerable vision for live insects and insect-scale robots.

Vision serves as an essential sensory input for insects but consumes substantial energy resources. The cost to support sensitive photoreceptors has led many insects to develop high visual acuity in only small retinal regions and evolve to move their visual systems independent of their bodies through head motion. By understanding the trade-offs made by insect vision systems in nature, we can design better vision systems for insect-scale robotics in a way that balances energy, computation, and mass.

Healthy eating index-2015 and bone mineral density among adult Iranian women.

Unlabelled: This is the first study to examine the potential association of adherence to the healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) and bone health. Findings suggest that better diet quality (i.e.

Effects of long-term and brain-wide colonization of peripheral bone marrow-derived myeloid cells in the CNS.

Background: Microglia, the primary resident myeloid cells of the brain, play critical roles in immune defense by maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to injury or disease. However, microglial activation and dysfunction has been implicated in a number of central nervous system (CNS) disorders, thus developing tools to manipulate and replace these myeloid cells in the CNS is of therapeutic interest.

Methods: Using whole body irradiation, bone marrow transplant, and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibition, we achieve long-term and brain-wide (~ 80%) engraftment and colonization of peripheral bone marrow-derived myeloid cells (i.

Molecular dynamics simulation and experimental study of the surface-display of SPA protein via Lpp-OmpA system for screening of IgG.

Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) is a major virulence factor of Staphylococcus aureus. S. aureus is able to escape detection by the immune system by the surface display of protein A.

A Perspective on Erythropoietin as a Potential Adjuvant Therapy for Acute Lung Injury/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Patients with COVID-19.

The novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2) infection that emerged in China in December 2019 has rapidly spread to become a global pandemic. This article summarizes the potential benefits of erythropoietin (EPO) in alleviating SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis which is now called COVID-19. As with other coronavirus infection, the lethality of COVID-19 is associated with respiratory dysfunction due to overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines induced by the host immune responses.

Treatment emergent obstructive sleep apnea after Chiari surgery: A case report.

Patients with Chiari type I malformation may also present with sleep disordered breathing mainly central sleep apnea. Here, we report a patient with Chiari I malformation referred to our clinic because of snoring and sleep disordered breathing. He was a 28-year-old man referred to us for evaluation of snoring.

Aqueous Extract Improves the Quality of Cryopreserved Human Spermatozoa Through Its Antioxidant Effects.

Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during semen cryopreservation can induce structural and functional changes in spermatozoa. It is well known that antioxidants can mitigate the effect of ROS. Moreover, the application of antioxidants in freezing media is an appropriate strategy for protecting spermatozoa against deleterious effects of ROS during the cryopreservation process.

A novel formulation of Mtb72F DNA vaccine for immunization against tuberculosis.

Objectives: (), an intracellular pathogen, causes 1.5 million deaths globally. Bacilli Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is commonly administered to protect people against infection; however, there are some obstacles with this first-generation vaccine.

Lung Ablation - How I Do It.

Interventional oncology and the value of thermal ablation of small tumors is increasingly recognized by the oncological community. Primary lung cancers and lung metastases have been one of the most researched applications of percutaneous ablation and as interventional oncologists gain more experience and confidence, it is becoming a more effective treatment with expanding indications. Importantly, the current literature does not demonstrate major differences in survival between ablation, sublobar resection, and stereotactic body radiation.

Comparison of Coagulation Conditions in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis Due to Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Nonbiliary Causes of Cirrhosis Before Orthotopic Liver Transplant.

Objectives: Orthotopic liver transplant can be accompanied by an obscure bleeding pattern in patients with severe hepatic malfunction. In the present study, coagulation conditions of patients with cirrhosis of the liver due to primary sclerosing cholangitis and nonbiliary causes of cirrhosis were compared using rotational thromboelastometry assays obtained before orthotopic liver transplant.

Materials And Methods: This case control study analyzed patients who were candidates for orthotopic liver transplant from 2010 to 2016.

Effects of supplementation with curcuminoids on serum adipokines in critically ill patients: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Previous studies have shown a beneficial effect of curcuminoids supplementation on serum concentrations of adipokines; however, there are no published studies that have examined this effect among critically ill patients. We aimed to assess the effects of supplementation with curcuminoids on serum concentrations of leptin and adiponectin in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this trial, 62 critically ill patients with TBI, aged 18-65 years, were randomly allocated to receive either 500 mg/day curcuminoids (co-administered with 5 mg/day piperine) or matched placebo for 7 days.