Anti-angiogenic effects of aqueous extract from Agrostemma githago L. seed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells via regulating Notch/VEGF, MMP2/9, ANG2, and VEGFR2.

Abnormal angiogenesis contributes to the pathogenesis of various diseases. The medicinal usage of Agrostemma githago L. seed (A.

Acquisition of paclitaxel resistance modulates the biological traits of gastric cancer AGS cells and facilitates epithelial to mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis.

Purpose: This study aims to develop a paclitaxel (PTX)-resistant gastric cancer AGS cells (AGS-R) and evaluate the mechanisms of drug resistance.

Methods: AGS cells were successively treated with increasing PTX concentrations. Cross-resistance of established AGS-R, the molecular patterns of cell survival, evasion of apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the angiogenic potential were evaluated.

A Wnt-mediated phenotype switch along the epithelial-mesenchymal axis defines resistance and invasion downstream of ionising radiation in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Dynamic transitions of tumour cells along the epithelial-mesenchymal axis are important in tumorigenesis, metastasis and therapy resistance.

Methods: In this study, we have used cell lines, 3D spheroids and tumour samples in a variety of cell biological and transcriptome analyses to highlight the cellular and molecular dynamics of OSCC response to ionising radiation.

Results: Our study demonstrates a prominent hybrid epithelial-mesenchymal state in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and tumour samples.

Critical regulatory levels in tumor differentiation: Signaling pathways, epigenetics and non-coding transcripts.

Approaches to induce tumor differentiation often result in manageable and therapy-naïve cellular states in cancer cells. This transformation is achieved by activating pathways that drive tumor cells away from plasticity, a state that commonly correlates with enhanced aggression, metastasis and resistance to therapy. Here, we discuss signaling pathways, epigenetics and non-coding RNAs as three main regulatory levels with the potential to drive tumor differentiation and hence as potential targets in differentiation therapy approaches.