Passive tolerance and productive uncertainties in food allergy immunotherapy biomedical practices.

There has been little sociological research on food allergy in North America, despite the fact that it impacts a significant population in the US and Canada. Immunotherapy for food allergy is now a prominent area of investigation and experts argue it is one dimension of a 'paradigm shift' that encourages exposure to food allergens in contrast to avoidance of them. This article reports on an ethnographic investigation of immunotherapy for food allergy research and practice between the years 2015 and 2020.

Creating an (ethical) epistemic space for the normalization of clinical and "real food" oral immunotherapy for food allergy.

Researchers and sociologists have argued the consequences of standardization vis-à-vis clinical practice guidelines are diverse and argue they should be explored empirically. Sociologists have also argued that "best evidence" for the development of clinical practice guidelines is not restricted to randomized controlled trials and that other forms of knowledge should be embedded in and inform CPGs. There is little research concerning how other types of knowledge are mobilized and taken up in CPGs.

Interventions to Reduce Opioid Use in Youth At-Risk and in Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: A Scoping Review.

Background: Youth and young adults have been significantly impacted by the opioid overdose and health crisis in North America. There is evidence of increasing morbidity and mortality due to opioids among those aged 15-29. Our review of key international reports indicates there are few youth-focused interventions and treatments for opioid use.

Research paradigms and the politics of nursing knowledge: A reflective discussion.

A standard view would suggest that research is a neutral apolitical activity. It neutralizes external pressures by its fidelity to robust scientific methods. However, politics is an inevitable part of human knowledge.

LIMPRINT: A Sociological Perspective on "Chronic Edema".

Chronic edema is a condition that is biologically complex, distressing for patients and sociopolitically weak. Like many other complex and chronic conditions, it has a low status within health care. The result is that it has a low priority in health policy and consequently is undervalued and undertreated.

The Prevalence of Modifiable Parental Behaviors Associated with Inadvertent Pediatric Medication Ingestions.

Introduction: Our aim was to examine potential risk factors and modifiable behaviors that could lead to pediatric poisonings. Our secondary objectives were to explore socioeconomic factors associated with caregiver (parent/guardian) safe medication storage and knowledge of poison control contact information.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional survey of caregivers of patients 2-10 years old presenting to an inner city pediatric emergency department.

How does role transition affect the experience of trainee Advanced Clinical Practitioners: Qualitative evidence synthesis.

Background: Advanced Clinical Practitioners have been developed to address current and future gaps in the medical workforce. Insight into problems associated with Advanced Clinical Practitioner transition may help present and future trainees adapt to their changing and demanding health environment.

Aims: To identify potential problems experienced by trainee Advanced Clinical Practitioners during transition and what the implications might be for workforce planning.

Pierre Bourdieu: Expanding the scope of nursing research and practice.

Bourdieu is an important thinker within the sociological tradition and has a philosophically sophisticated approach to theoretical knowledge and research practice. In this paper, we examine the implication of his work for nursing and the health sciences more broadly. We argue that his work is best described as a reflexive realist who provides a space for a nonpositivist approach to knowledge that does not fall into the trap of idealism or relativism.

Health professionals' perceptions regarding family witnessed resuscitation in adult critical care settings.

Aims And Objectives: To deepen our understanding of the perceptions of health professionals regarding family witnessed resuscitation in Jordanian adult critical care settings.

Background: The issue of family witnessed resuscitation has developed dramatically in the last three decades. The traditional practice of excluding family members during cardiopulmonary resuscitation had been questioned.

Nursing and the new biology: towards a realist, anti-reductionist approach to nursing knowledge.

As a system of knowledge, nursing has utilized a range of subjects and reconstituted them to reflect the thinking and practice of health care. Often drawn to a holistic model, nursing finds it difficult to resist the reductionist tendencies in biological and medical thinking. In this paper I will propose a relational approach to knowledge that is able to address this issue.

Religious Attendance and Physiological Problems in Late Life.

Objectives: This study queried linkages of older adults' religious attendance with their physiological health.

Method: Data were from the 2005-2006 National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project, nationally representative of U.S.

An exploration of the perceptions of emergency department nursing staff towards the role of a domestic abuse nurse specialist: a qualitative study.

There is a clear body of evidence which indicates that a substantial number of people who have experienced domestic violence and abuse attend the emergency department (ED). However, many individuals do not receive effective identification or support. The present study sought to explore the perceptions of ED staff about the perceived value and utilisation of a new domestic abuse nurse specialist role that has been created in one ED in the UK.

The development of the specialism of emergency medicine: media and cultural influences.

In this article we analyse, via a critical review of the literature, the development of a relatively new medical specialism in the United Kingdom, that of emergency medicine. Despite the high media profile of emergency care, it is a low-status specialism within UK medicine. The creation of a specialist College in 2008 means that, symbolically, recognition as a full specialism has now been achieved.

Conservative Christianity, partnership, hormones, and sex in late life.

Using nationally representative data from the 2005-2006 U.S. National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project, this study queried relationship, sexual, and sex hormone patterns among married evangelical women and men aged 57-85, relative to those in other religions.

Families' stressors and needs at time of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation: a Jordanian perspective.

Background: During cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, family members, in some hospitals, are usually pushed to stay out of the resuscitation room. However, growing literature implies that family presence during resuscitation could be beneficial. Previous literature shows controversial belief whether or not a family member should be present during resuscitation of their relative.

Race differentials in partnering patterns among older U.S. men: influence of androgens or religious participation?

Using nationally representative data from the 2005-2006 U.S. National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project, this study queried race differences in older men's polyamorous and casual sex, as well as stratification of these patterns by endogenous androgens (testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone) and by regular religious participation.

Audit of standards of practice in suspected hip fracture.

Background: Hip-fracture is a common orthopaedic injury presenting to the Emergency Department, particularly within the elderly population. Standards of practice dictating the care of these patients include the early administration of analgesia and an accurate clinical assessment. Once a hip-fracture has been confirmed with diagnostic-imaging, the patient should be transferred to an orthopaedic ward as soon as possible.

Reflexivity and habitus: opportunities and constraints on transformative learning.

This paper will explore the relationship between Mezirow's concept of reflexivity and Bourdieu's theory of habitus in order to develop a more robust framework within which critical reflection can take place. Nurse educators have sought to close the theory practice gap through the use of critical reflection. However, we are not convinced that this has produced the depth and quality of reflection required.

A critical realist approach to knowledge: implications for evidence-based practice in and beyond nursing.

This paper will identify some of the key conceptual tools of a critical realist approach to knowledge. I will then apply these principles to some of the competing epistemologies that are prevalent within nursing. There are broadly two approaches which are sometimes distinct from each other and sometimes inter-related.

Diversity and ethnicity in nurse education: the perspective of nurse lecturers.

This paper is a report on a qualitative study which considered the issue of how lecturers feel about teaching and managing the topic of culture and racism within their role as nurse educators. The issue of cultural diversity and the related issue of racism within nursing and society more generally means that the problem cannot be ignored since one of the central tenets of nursing is that care should be delivered in non-discriminatory ways. We interviewed a group of lecturers within a UK university to explore their views on the topic.

Sedation assessment using the Ramsay scale.

Patients undergoing sedation in emergency departments (EDs) must be monitored carefully to ensure that, when they are being transferred to different departments, they are safe and that information about them is accurate. However, sedation scoring, for which several tools are available, should not be confused with assessment of consciousness, which is undertaken using the Glasgow Coma Scale. This article considers the validity and reliability of sedation scoring tools, and discusses how ED staff can choose and integrate them into patient care pathways.

Social structure and nursing research.

The concept of social structure is ill defined in the literature despite the perennial problem and ongoing discussion about the relationship between agency and structure. In this paper I will provide an outline of what the term social structure means, but my main focus will be on emphasizing the value of the concept for nursing research and demonstrate how its erasure in some research negatively effects on our understanding of the nurses' role in clinical practice. For example, qualitative research in nursing has largely focused on agency through such theories as phenomenology, hermeneutics, and symbolic interactionism.

A case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in a 12-year-old boy.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is an uncommon inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It generally presents after a nonspecific viral infection. We describe a case of a male adolescent who presented to the emergency department with vomiting and lethargy.