Weed infestation and productivity of wheat crop sown in various cropping systems under conventional and conservation tillage.

Introduction: Climate change, pest infestation, and soil degradation are significantly reducing wheat ( L.) yield. Wheat is cultivated in rice-wheat and cotton-wheat cropping systems and escalating global population is exerting substantial pressure on the efficiency of these systems.

Osmotic activation of phospholipase C triggers structural adaptation in osmosensitive rat supraoptic neurons.

The magnocellular neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus (MNCs) synthesize and secrete vasopressin or oxytocin. A stretch-inactivated cation current mediated by TRPV1 channels rapidly transduces increases in external osmolality into a depolarization of the MNCs leading to an increase in action potential firing and thus hormone release. Prolonged increases in external osmolality, however, trigger a reversible structural and functional adaptation that may enable the MNCs to sustain high levels of hormone release.

Detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in tissue samples of cattle and buffaloes.

Tissue samples were collected at random from cattle (Bos taurus) and buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from an abattoir of the district of Lahore and were analyzed for the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis through acid-fast staining and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Body condition of animals and diarrhea were recorded.