T-cadherin gene variants are associated with nephropathy in subjects with type 1 diabetes.

Background: High plasma adiponectin levels are associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN). T-cadherin gene (CDH13) variants have been shown to be associated with adiponectin levels. We investigated associations between allelic variations of CDH13 and DN in subjects with type 1 diabetes.

Glutathione peroxidase-1 gene (GPX1) variants, oxidative stress and risk of kidney complications in people with type 1 diabetes.

Background And Aim: Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) is a class of antioxidant enzymes that catalyze the reduction of hydrogen peroxide to water. GPX1 is the most abundant isoform and is expressed in all kidney cells. Isoprostane and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) were identified as markers of oxidative stress in patients with kidney disease.

Kidney Dysfunction in Adult Offspring Exposed In Utero to Type 1 Diabetes Is Associated with Alterations in Genome-Wide DNA Methylation.

Background: Fetal exposure to hyperglycemia impacts negatively kidney development and function.

Objective: Our objective was to determine whether fetal exposure to moderate hyperglycemia is associated with epigenetic alterations in DNA methylation in peripheral blood cells and whether those alterations are related to impaired kidney function in adult offspring.

Design: Twenty nine adult, non-diabetic offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes (T1D) (case group) were matched with 28 offspring of T1D fathers (control group) for the study of their leukocyte genome-wide DNA methylation profile (27,578 CpG sites, Human Methylation 27 BeadChip, Illumina Infinium).

Plasma Adrenomedullin and Allelic Variation in the ADM Gene and Kidney Disease in People With Type 2 Diabetes.

Production of adrenomedullin (ADM), a vasodilator peptide, increases in response to ischemia and hypoxia in the vascular wall and the kidney. This may be an adaptive response providing protection against organ damage. We investigated the hypothesis that ADM has a nephroprotective effect in two prospective cohorts of patients with type 2 diabetes recruited in France.

Allelic variations in the CYBA gene of NADPH oxidase and risk of kidney complications in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy, and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase system is an important source of reactive oxygen species in hyperglycemic conditions in the kidney. Plasma concentration of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), a marker of oxidative stress, is increased in patients with diabetic nephropathy. We investigated associations of variants in the CYBA gene, encoding the regulatory subunit p22(phox) of NADPH oxidase, with diabetic nephropathy and plasma AOPP and myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentrations in type 1 diabetic patients.

Plasma extracellular superoxide dismutase concentration, allelic variations in the SOD3 gene and risk of myocardial infarction and all-cause mortality in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Background: Oxidative stress is involved in development of diabetes complications. Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD, SOD3) is a major extracellular antioxidant enzyme and is highly expressed in arterial walls. Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and 8-iso-prostaglandin (isoprostane) are markers of oxidative stress.

ABCG8 polymorphisms and renal disease in type 2 diabetic patients.

Background And Aim: Sterols, bile acids and their receptors have been involved in diabetic nephropathy. The ATP-binding cassette transporters G5 and G8 (ABCG5 and ABCG8) play an important role in intestinal sterol absorption and bile acid secretion. The aim of our study was to assess the associations between two ABCG8 coding polymorphisms, T400K and D19H, and the incidence of renal events in type 2 diabetic subjects.

Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) polymorphisms, plasma advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) concentration and risk of kidney complications in subjects with type 1 diabetes.

Aims: Oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy. Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) catalyses the dismutation of superoxide, regulates the metabolism of reactive oxygen species in the mitochondria and is highly expressed in the kidney. Plasma concentration of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), a marker of oxidative stress, was found to be increased in patients with kidney disease.

Catalase activity, allelic variations in the catalase gene and risk of kidney complications in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Aims/hypothesis: Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The antioxidant enzyme catalase plays a key role in redox regulation in the kidney. We investigated associations of catalase gene (CAT) polymorphisms and plasma catalase activity with diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetic patients.

Plasma copeptin and renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuria.

Objective: Plasma copeptin, a surrogate for vasopressin, was associated with albuminuria in population-based studies. These associations are consistent with the effect of vasopressin on albuminuria observed in humans and rodents. The objective of this study was to determine whether plasma copeptin is an independent marker of risk of renal events in people with type 2 diabetes and albuminuria.

Allelic variations in the vitamin D receptor gene, insulin secretion and parents' heights are independently associated with height in obese children and adolescents.

Polymorphisms in the VDR gene were reported to be associated with variations in intrauterine and postnatal growth and with adult height, but also with other traits that are strongly correlated such as the BMI, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and hyperglycemia. Here, we assessed the impact of VDR polymorphisms on body height and its interactions with obesity- and glucose tolerance-related traits in obese children and adolescents. We studied 173 prepubertal (Tanner's stage 1) and 146 pubertal (Tanner's stages 2-5) obese children who were referred for a weight-loss program.

Allelic variations in superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) gene are associated with increased risk of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetic subjects.

Background: Oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes play a major role in detoxification of reactive oxygen species and have a protective effect against diabetic nephropathy. We investigated associations of allelic variations in SOD1 gene with nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes.