Enhancing Ensemble Learning Using Explainable CNN for Spoof Fingerprints.

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have demonstrated remarkable success with great accuracy in classification problems. However, the lack of interpretability of the predictions made by neural networks has raised concerns about the reliability and robustness of CNN-based systems that use a limited amount of training data. In such cases, the utilization of ensemble learning using multiple CNNs has demonstrated the capability to improve the robustness of a network, but the robustness can often have a trade-off with accuracy.