Danger in the "Shadows": Rib Cartilage Histomechanics.

Warping has always been accused of the unsatisfying results of rib cartilage. However, as noticed before, microanatomic transitions of the cartilage tissue may have caused altering of the biomechanical properties of the rib cartilage. With this hypothesis, the authors aimed to scrutinize the signs of histologic and biomechanical details of rib cartilage.

Orbital Metastasis from Breast Cancer: Three Cases and Brief Review of the Literature.

Metastatic disease is a relatively rare cause of orbital tumors. While many different types of primary malignancies have been documented, lung and breast cancers are the most prevalent ones among them. Herein, three cases of orbital metastasis from breast cancer are reported.

Development of an Algorithm to Determine Which Costal Cartilage to Harvest.

Rib graft is a common source of cartilage in rhinoplasty. Donor site choices for this resource were identified according to the authors who presented the introduction of this technique. However, the scientific basis of this valuable method lacks information, including the anatomical properties of costal cartilage.

Coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient with situs inversus totalis.

Situs inversus totalis (SIT) describes a complete mirror image of the visceral organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Dextrocardia, in combination with SIT, is a rare congenital anomaly with a frequency of 1:10 000, and coronary heart disease may occur with a similar frequency and manifestation as in the general population. Coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography is useful for accurately assessing the coronary artery origin and position for preprocedural planning of difficult coronary artery catheterisation in SIT.

The outcome of peripartum cardiomyopathy patients-single center experience.

Objective: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) diagnosis made by excluding identifiable causes of heart failure (HF) and occurs end of the pregnancy or during the postpartum period of five months. It presents a clinical HF spectrum with left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

Background: The purpose of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the clinical characteristics, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging features, and end-points consisting of left ventricle recovery, left ventricular assist device implantation, heart transplantation, and all-cause mortality.

Characteristics and long-term survival of patients with left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy.

Aims: Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) is a poorly understood entity resulting in heart failure. Whether it is a distinct form of cardiomyopathy or an anatomical phenotype is a subject of discussion. The current diagnosis is based on morphologic findings by comparing the compacted to non-compacted myocardium.

Prevalence of Incidental Gynecomastia by Chest Computed Tomography in Patients with a Prediagnosis of COVID-19 Pneumonia.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of gynecomastia by evaluating computed tomography (CT) images of male patients who were admitted to our hospital during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Materials And Methods: This study included a total of 1,877 patients who underwent chest CT for prediagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia between March 15 and May 15, 2020. All images were evaluated for the presence of gynecomastia.

Atypical chest CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia: a pictorial review.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) first emerged in China and rapidly spread in the world causing a pandemic. Chest computed tomography (CT) continues to play an important role in the diagnosis and follow-up of the disease due to shortcomings of the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test, which is the gold standard in the diagnosis of this disease. Typical chest CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia have been widely reported in the literature.

The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19): a pictorial review of chest CT features.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first reported in Wuhan, China. The infection rapidly spread to more than 200 countries around the world. The clinical presentation of the disease may vary from mild illness to severe pneumonia such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

CT imaging features of COVID-19 pneumonia: initial experience from Turkey.

Purpose: We aimed to demonstrate the computed tomography (CT) findings observed at the initial presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia and reveal the most frequent infiltration and distribution patterns of the disease.

Methods: One hundred and eighty-five patients (87 men, 98 women; mean age, 48.7 years), who underwent RT-PCR sampling and high-resolution CT examination in our hospital between March 15, 2020, and April 15, 2020, and got a definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 disease via initial or follow-up RT-PCR test, were included in the study.

Assessment of right ventricular systolic function in heart transplant patients: Correlation between echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Investigation of the accuracy and reliability of echocardiography.

Background: Right ventricular (RV) function has great impact on the survival of heart transplantation recipients; therefore, careful evaluation is of high clinical importance. However, there is no standard conventional echocardiographic parameter to assess RV systolic function. Herein, we evaluated the correlation between echocardiographic parameters of RV systolic function and ejection fraction assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI RVEF) in heart transplantation recipients.

Unusual route of a bullet: From scapula to eye.

Herein, an awkward case of globe perforation with a bullet-entering from the right posterior scapular region and leaving the body from the right orbit through the eye - is reported. Route of the bullet could be devastating - as it passed through the neck and the maxillofacial region-however by chance no vital damage occurred. Its path was assessed by plain radiography and computed tomography scans.

Reduction of Dialysate Calcium Level Reduces Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification and Improves Low Bone Turnover in Patients on Hemodialysis.

Exposure to high Ca concentrations may influence the development of low-turnover bone disease and coronary artery calcification (CAC) in patients on hemodialysis (HD). In this randomized, controlled study, we investigated the effects of lowering dialysate Ca level on progression of CAC and histologic bone abnormalities in patients on HD. Patients on HD with intact parathyroid hormone levels ≤300 pg/ml receiving dialysate containing 1.

Multidetector computed tomographic assessment of the normal diameters for the thoracic aorta and pulmonary arteries in infants and children.

Background: Knowledge of the normal size of the thoracic aorta and pulmonary arteries is important regarding the detection of the abnormal and valuable in the treatment of patients with congenital and acquired cardiovascular diseases.

Purpose: To determine the normal diameters of the thoracic vascular structures of pediatric participants on contrast-enhanced multidetector computer tomography (MDCT) scans.

Material And Methods: Between July 2010 and July 2014, the MDCT examinations obtained from 520 participants (age range, 0-18 years; mean age, 8.

Diagnostic performance of late gadolinium enhancement in the assessment of acute cellular rejection after heart transplantation.

Objective: Allograft rejection is still an important cause of morbidity and mortality after heart transplantation (HTx). Many techniques in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) were investigated to diagnose acute cellular rejection (ACR). However, there is not enough information about late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in the myocardium and ACR.

Imaging findings of pulmonary granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's granulomatosis): lesions invading the pulmonary fissure, pleura or diaphragm mimicking malignancy.

Background: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, formerly Wegener's granulomatosis), in which pulmonary involvement often predominates, is a multisystem granulomatous, necrotizing vasculitis that affects small and medium-sized vessels. In this study we evaluated various radiological findings of pulmonary GPA and focused on spiculated pulmonary lesions invading the pulmonary fissure, pleura or diaphragm mimicking malignancy.

Methods: This retrospective study included 48 patients, aged 28-73 (mean, 47.

Computed tomography findings of tracheobronchial system diseases: a pictorial essay.

The diseases affecting the trachea and main bronchi can be categorized into congenital or acquired abnormalities and also into focal or diffuse diseases. Major congenital bronchial abnormalities cover accessory cardiac bronchus and tracheal bronchus. Tracheobronchial strictures, such as post-intubation and post-infectious stenosis and tracheobronchial neoplasms are regarded as focal diseases, whereas tracheobronchomegaly, relapsing polychondritis, tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica, amyloidosis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, tracheobronchomalacia, saber-sheath trachea and tracheobronchitis associated with ulcerative colitis are examples of diffuse diseases.

Imaging findings of vascular lesions in the head and neck.

Vascular lesions of the head and neck include vascular neoplasms, vascular malformations, and hypervascular lesions, derived from nonvascular soft-tissue elements. We retrospectively evaluated magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography images of vascular lesions located in the head and neck. Twelve patients (seven males, five females) aged 1-68 years (mean age, 35.

Collision tumors of the paranasal region: presentation of two cases.

Collision tumors in the paranasal region are extremely rare with limited literature data. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of associations of squamous cell carcinoma-esthesioneuroblastoma and lymphoma-hemangiopericytoma in the paranasal region. Preoperatively, radiological and clinical findings should be evaluated carefully for the diagnosis and two or more biopsy specimens should be taken from different morphological parts of the lesions.

Relationship between erectile dysfunction and silent coronary artery disease: detection with multidetector computed tomography coronary angiography.

Aim: Our aim was to determine the relationship between erectile dysfunction (ED) and silent coronary artery disease (CAD) by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) coronary angiography.

Methods: Thirty consecutive men with nonhormonal and nonpsychogenic ED and with no cardiac symptoms were evaluated. Medical history, physical examination and laboratory investigation were performed.

Bronchiolitis in young female smokers.

Background: Smoking is a growing concern among young women. However, the pulmonary effects of smoking in young female smokers in their 20's are unknown.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether young female smokers demonstrate smoking-related lung abnormalities such as bronchiolitis in their 20's.

Necrotizing Sarcoid Granulomatosis Mimicking Lung Malignancy: MDCT, PET-CT and Pathologic Findings.

Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis (NSG) is a rare disease which is classified in the spectrum of pulmonary angiitis and granulomatosis. It is a variant of sarcoidosis and differs from it histologically. Diagnosis is based on the pathological features, but radiology may help in the differential diagnosis.

Can we use CT pulmonary angiography as an alternative to echocardiography in determining right ventricular dysfunction and its severity in patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism?

Purpose: Our aim was to investigate the role of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in the diagnosis of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) and massive pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively involved a total of 61 patients. In CTPAs, pulmonary arterial obstruction index (PAOI), right ventricular/left ventricular diameter ratio (RV/LV), and superior vena cava (SVC) diameters were calculated, followed by echocardiography (ECHO), and clinical results were evaluated based on the reports available.

Epicardial adipose tissue volume and cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients.

Objective: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is proposed as a cardiovascular risk marker in non-uremic subjects. However, little is known about its role in patients with higher cardiovascular risk profile such as chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between EAT and several cardiovascular surrogate markers (coronary artery calcification (CAC), arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis) in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.