Age-specific vulnerability and high prevalence of delirium in pediatric intensive care based on a prospective cohort study.

Delirium, a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by acute disruptions in attention and awareness, significantly impacts children in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs), leading to prolonged hospitalization, increased infection risk, and dependence on mechanical ventilation. Despite growing recognition, its true burden and risk factors in children remain poorly understood. This prospective cohort study investigated the prevalence, characteristics, and potential therapeutic targets for delirium in 890 children admitted to a tertiary PICU between January and December 2022.

Discontinuation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy and Treatment Free Remission (TFR) in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Successful Achievement of TFR in More Than Two-Third of Patients in a Real-World Practice.

Background: Discontinuation of TKI therapy and treatment-free remission (TFR) have become new goals for chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML). The aim of this study was to estimate the TFR post discontinuation of TKI therapy at 3 tertiary-care centers.

Patients And Methods: CP-CML patients aged ≥16 years who had an attempt to discontinue TKI therapy till June 2022, were eligible.

Diffuse axonal injury on magnetic resonance imaging and its relation to neurological outcomes in pediatric traumatic brain injury.

Objective: Diffuse axonal injury (DAI), a frequent consequence of pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI), presents challenges in predicting long-term recovery. This study investigates the relationship between the severity of DAI and neurological outcomes in children.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 51 pediatric TBI patients diagnosed with DAI using Adam's classification.

Awareness of Medical Professionals Regarding Research Ethics in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Survey to Assess Training Needs.

Background: Ethics is an essential component of human research, and knowledge and awareness of ethical guidelines are required to conduct research involving human subjects and ensure the participants' safety.

Objectives: To investigate medical professionals' and researchers' knowledge of national and international research ethics guidelines, key principles in human research projects, ethical issues in different types of research, the importance of informed consent, and institutional review boards.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study with 251 participants, including physicians, nurses, and researchers from three different research centers and hospitals in Riyadh city, was carried out using an electronic self-structured questionnaire.

Unsteady ternary hybrid-nanofluid flow over an expanding/shrinking cylinder with multiple slips: a Yamada-Ota model implementation.

The primary objective of this investigation is to examine the thermal state of an unsteady ternary hybrid-nanofluid flow over an expanding/shrinking cylinder. The influence of radiation along with a non-uniform thermal source/sink is taken into account to expedite heat distribution. Multiple slips are considered at the cylinder interface.

Impact of Patient Safety Culture on Job Satisfaction and Intention to Leave Among Healthcare Workers: Evidence from Middle East Context.

Background: The association between patient safety culture and staff outcomes remains unclear to date. This study aimed to identify the relationship between patient safety culture/job satisfaction and intention to leave among healthcare workers.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey.

The Outcomes and Revision Rate of Total Hip Arthroplasty in a Single Tertiary Center: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a commonly performed and successful orthopedic practice procedure. However, failure of arthroplasty may require revision THA and pose substantial clinical challenges for orthopedic surgeons. Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to estimate the revision rate of THA and its risk factors at a tertiary care hospital.

Hematological indices in the adult saudi population: Reference intervals by gender, age, and region.

Introduction: Hematological parameters are critical in disease diagnosis, management, and monitoring; however, complete blood count (CBC) reference intervals vary across populations. The aim of the current study was to provide the reference ranges of hematological parameters/indices in the healthy adult Saudi population.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of employees who were screened pre-employment from January 2015 to December 2019, at tertiary care hospitals in three regions.

Neurological Impairment Recovery in Surgically Treated Patients With Nontraumatic Spinal Cord Injury.

Introduction: The incidence of nontraumatic spinal cord injury (NTSCI) is reported to be higher than that of traumatic spinal cord injury in many countries, making it an area of growing significance.

Objectives: With the aging of the global population in coming decades, it is anticipated that the incidence of NTSCIs will increase dramatically. Our aim was to identify and report the causes, patterns, and outcomes of NTSCI in a tertiary care center.

Incidence of ocular manifestations in patients with graft versus host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplant in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Aim: To evaluate the incidence and severity of ocular graft versus host disease (oGVHD) in patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted in King Abdul Aziz Medical City on patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (allo-HCT) from 2010 to 2017. The ocular examination findings including visual acuity, meibomian gland dysfunction, corneal and conjunctival staining with severity, corneal scarring, tear film meniscus and breakup time, anterior and posterior segment examination findings, intraocular pressure, treatment given, punctual plugs used or not, and follow up response were collected.

COVID-19 reinfection: A multicenter retrospective study in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: There are limited direct data on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) long-term immune responses and reinfection. This study aimed to evaluate the rate, risk factors, and severity of COVID-19 reinfection.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included five hospitals across Saudi Arabia.

Outcomes and predictors of early emergency department discharge among children with acute gastroenteritis and moderate dehydration.

Background: Gastroenteritis is one of the most common diseases that affects children and remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. There is conflicting evidence regarding the effect of rapid intravenous fluid regimen on the clinical outcome of patients with acute gastroenteritis. This study aimed to assess the current practice of intravenous hydration on the clinical outcomes of pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis and determine the predictive factors for early discharge and emergency department (ED) revisit.

Effect of melatonin in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities and sleep disorders.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and side effects of melatonin use in a population of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities who had sleep disorders.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the pediatric neurology clinic at King Abdulaziz Medical City. A designed questionnaire was given to the parents to inquire about the sleep characteristics of their children before and after using melatonin.

Screening Practices, Knowledge and Adherence Among Health Care Professionals at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Introduction: Screening, a routine procedure done on individuals with or without disease, results in the early detection of disease. The aim of this study was to assess healthcare professionals' (HCPs) level of knowledge related to and the adherence to screening.

Methods: A survey was conducted in HCPs, using a self-administered questionnaire.

Person-Centered-Care Climate in a Tertiary Hospital: Staff Perspective.

Introduction: Most health care systems strive to improve the quality, safety and value of healthcare, with an emphasis on moving towards patient-centered care/person-centered care (PCC) approach. The aim of the current study was to assess health care providers' perspectives on PCC climate in hospital setting and to identify the role of providers in determining the perception of the PCC climate.

Methods: A survey, using person-centered climate questionnaire-staff version, was employed in health care providers of a tertiary care hospital.

Chemical reaction and thermal radiation impact on a nanofluid flow in a rotating channel with Hall current.

The objective of the present exploration is to examine the nanoliquid flow amid two horizontal infinite plates. The lower plate is stretchable and permeable. The uniqueness of the flow model is assimilated with the Hall effect, variable thermal conductivity, thermal radiation, and irregular heat source/sink.

Soret and Dufour effects on a Casson nanofluid flow past a deformable cylinder with variable characteristics and Arrhenius activation energy.

In this study, the effects of variable characteristics amalgamated with chemical reaction and Arrhenius activation energy are analyzed on a two-dimensional (2D) electrically conducting radiative Casson nanoliquid flow past a deformable cylinder embedded in a porous medium. The surface of the cylinder is deformable in the radial direction i.e.

Soret-Dufour impact on a three-dimensional Casson nanofluid flow with dust particles and variable characteristics in a permeable media.

In this study, the effects of variable characteristics are analyzed on a three-dimensional (3D) dusty Casson nanofluid flow past a deformable bidirectional surface amalgamated with chemical reaction and Arrhenius activation energy. The surface is deformable in the direction of the x-axis and y-axis. The motion of the flow is induced due to the deformation of the surface.

Epidemiology of Frequent Visits to the Emergency Department at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Saudi Arabia: Rate, Visitors' Characteristics, and Associated Factors.

Background: Emergency department overcrowding is becoming a challenge for the healthcare management system globally and locally. This study aimed to estimate the frequency of ED visits, describe the patients' profile along with visit-related characteristics, and associated factors in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital.

Oral and oropharyngeal cancer: Knowledge, attitude and practices among medical and dental practitioners.

Background: Oral and oropharyngeal cancer are significant health problems. They are both life-threatening conditions usually diagnosed at an advanced stage causing survival rates to decline.

Aim: To assess and compare practices, knowledge and attitude regarding oral and oropharyngeal cancer between dental and medical practitioners.

High rate of bleeding and arterial thrombosis in COVID-19: Saudi multicenter study.

Background: Several observational studies have reported the rate of venous and arterial thrombotic events in patients infected with COVID-19, with conflicting results. The aim of this study was to estimate the rate of thrombotic and bleeding events in hospitalized patients diagnosed with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: This was a multicenter study of 636 patients admitted between 20 March 2020 and 31 May 2020 with confirmed COVID-19 in four hospitals.

Outcome of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in hematology and oncology patients: A case series in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is associated with a high fatality rate (34%), which is higher in the presence of co-morbidities. The aim of the current study was to assess the clinical course and the outcome in hematological or oncological malignancy cases, diagnosed with MERS-CoV.

Methods: This is a case series of hematological /oncological cases, diagnosed with MERS-CoV, in a tertiary care setting in 2015.

Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy and its Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life among Multiple Myeloma Patients: A Single-Center Experience.

Aim: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a long-term neurological health issue in patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM). The aim of this study was to assess CIPN symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among MM patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients diagnosed with MM in a tertiary care hospital using a self-reported Arabic questionnaire, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire for CIPN scale (QLQ-CIPN20).

Hand-Held Zoom Micro-Imaging System Based on Microfluidic Chip for Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) of Vaginal Inflammation.

Background: Vaginitis is a common and very private disease, and the current diagnosis is a frequent go to the hospital for testing.

Objective: In order to improve the convenience and speed of detection, in this paper, we have developed a hand-held zoom micro-imaging system based on a microfluidic chip for point-of-care testing (POCT) of vaginal inflammation.

Methods: This system consists of a microfluidic chip, an optical system and a hand-held zoom system assembled with a mobile phone.