In this research study, a simple, rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography method was developed and validated for determination of Cetirizine and Levocetirizine in human plasma. The drugs were separated on an ACE Generix100-5 C18 RP (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column, using Acetonitrile and Distilled water pH 7 (59:41 v/v) as mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to compare the mean plasma levels of Amyloid β42, Phosphorylated Tau and Neurofilament Light chain in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's Clinical Syndrome (ACS), and other neurodegenerative dementias to find affordable and less-invasive means of diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) early in its course. Blood samples of 36 subjects presenting with cognitive decline to the neurology OPDs of Dow and Civil hospitals, Karachi, were centrifuged, and plasma was stored at -80℃. Before analysis, it was thawed at 4℃ and protein levels were measured through ELISA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt is evident that inflammation and metabolic syndrome instigated by diabetes mellitus can precipitate diabetes-induced neuropathy (DIN) and pain. In order to find an effective therapeutic method for diabetes-related problems, a multi-target-directed ligand model was used. 6-Hydroxyflavanone (6-HF) carrying anti-inflammatory and anti-neuropathic pain potential due to its quadruplicate mechanisms, targeting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), and opioid and GABA-A receptors was investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association's research framework in 2018 proposed a molecular construct for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nonetheless, the clinical exclusionary strategy is still the mainstay of AD diagnosis in Pakistan. We looked at the plasma levels of amyloid beta-42 (Aβ-42), phosphorylated tau (P-tau), and neurofilament light (NFL) in patients with Alzheimer's clinical syndrome (ACS) and healthy controls (HC) from the Pakistani population to keep pace with the global efforts towards establishing accessible and affordable biochemical diagnostic markers for AD in Pakistan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability, long-term morbidity, and mortality. The key modifiable risk factors for stroke are largely driven by demographic changes and various social adaptations. Smokeless tobacco consumption is high in developing countries with less awareness of its potential health risks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This study aimed to evaluate the etiology, outcomes and prognostic factors associated with status epilepticus (SE) admissions in Neurology Department of a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A retrospective review was performed on all SE admissions at Dr. Ruth K.
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by weakness in limbs or cranial nerve innervated muscles. Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) is the most common variant. Electrophysiologic abnormalities and elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein are frequently present in AIDP, but the relationship between these two parameters is not well known.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Purpose: Coronavirus disease 2019 (CO-VID-19) has an increased propensity for systemic hypercoagulability and thromboembolism. An association with cerebrovascular diseases, especially cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), has been reported among these patients. The objective of the present study was to identify risk factors for CVT as well as its presentation and outcome in COVID-19 patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is defined as a syndrome manifesting as an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) with coexistent weakness and absent or diminished reflexes clinically.Autonomic dysfunction (AD) or dysautonomia is a common finding in GBS. Autonomic dysfunction usually occurs in the acute phase of the illness but can also be seen in the recovery phase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction Stroke is the most debilitating of neurologic diseases. The rationale of the current study was to determine the association between hyperuricemia and ischemic stroke to establish a local perspective. Methods A total of 148 patients at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study and then equally distributed into two study groups consisting of cases and controls (n = 74 in each group).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Neurological disorders, structural or functional, are prevalent all over the world and are accompanied by physical and social morbidity. In this study, we aimed to calculate the cost of investigating neurological disorders and compare the costs incurred in a government hospital with that in a private hospital.
Materials And Methods: This study was conducted at the Dr.
Introduction Epilepsy is a burdensome disorder for affected individuals and community. There is limited data available on the epidemiological aspects of seizures in Pakistan and further research is necessary. We aimed to fill this gap by studying this information in epilepsy patients presenting to our neurology department.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCisplatin is used as a first line therapy in treating cancers. However, its use is often accompanied with the development of peripheral neuropathy. 6-Methoxyflavanone (6-MeOF) is a positive allosteric modulator at GABAA receptors and is known for attenuating diabetes-induced neuropathic pain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy. Respiratory failure is one of its recognized and most dreaded complications, requiring ventilatory assistance. Early recognition of distinct clinical predictors of mechanical ventilation may help in the better management of GBS patients in our setup.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Coll Physicians Surg Pak
March 2017
Levetiracetam is an antiepileptic drug used for the treatment of generalised or partial seizures, either alone or in a combination therapy. Adverse effects have been reported with its clinical use, including headache, dizziness, liver failure etc. A rare but an important adverse effect is an increase in creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels with its use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
April 2016
A novel, sensitive and validated RP-HPLC-UV method was developed for simultaneous determination of moxifloxacin and ofloxacin using timolol maleate as internal standard in physiological fluids. Different experimental parameters were optimized and validated according to international guidelines. Complete separation of the analytes was achieved with Kromasil 100-5C18 analytical column (250mm×4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Validation study of the Mini-Mental State Examination in Urdu language for Pakistani population.
Objective: This study was conducted primarily to validate and determine the optimal cutoff score in the diagnosis of dementia among Pakistani's and study the effects of gender and education on the MMSE performance in our population.
Methods: Four hundred participants took part in the study.
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
January 2014
A simple, specific, precise and rapid RP-HPLC-UV method was developed for simultaneous determination of lumefantrine and its metabolite desbutyl lumefantrine in human plasma. Experimental parameters were optimized and the method was validated according to standard guidelines. The method showed adequate separation for lumefantrine and desbutyl lumefantrine and best resolution was achieved with Supelco Discovery HS C18 RP (150mm×4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective of the current work was to develop and evaluate thermoreversible subcutaneous drug delivery system for Insulin. Thermoreversible in-situ gel system was developed and evaluated both in-vitro and in-vivo comprising of pluronic F-127 alone or in combination with methylcellulose in different ratios. The drug release kinetics and mechanism was predicted by applying various mathematical models to the in-vitro dissolution data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To observe clinical and laboratory features of valproic acid-induced hyperammonaemic encephalopathy in patients taking valproic acid.
Methods: Observational study was conducted at the Neurology Department, Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital, Karachi, from February 26, 2010 to March 20, 2011. Ten patients on valproic acid therapy of any age group with idiopathic or secondary epilepsy, who presented with encephalopathic symptoms, were registered and followed up during the study.
Objective: To see the efficacy of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation therapy and its different modes in trigeminal neuralgia, refractory or partially responsive to drug therapy and to find out the comparative effectiveness of different modes of TENS therapy in these cases.
Methods: This was a prospective analytical study, conducted at Rabia Moon Institute of Neurological Sciences over a period of one year. Thirty one patients diagnosed as suffering from trigeminal neuralgia according to International Headache Society Criteria, either Classic Trigeminal Neuralgia (CTN) or Symptomatic Trigeminal Neuralgia (STN) were randomly subjected to two different modes of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) therapy.