Effect of Intraoperative Computed Tomography on Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Survival.

Background: In patients with hydrocephalus who undergo ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement, the ventricular catheter tip position is one of the most important prognostic factors influencing shunt survival. The aim of this study was to present our findings of ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement performed with intraoperative computed tomography (CT) and to evaluate the effect of intraoperative CT-based image guidance on optimal catheter positioning and overall shunt survival.

Methods: Of the study enrolled 345 patients with hydrocephalus who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement for the first time between 2008 and 2018.

Assessment of the MRI and Behavioral Test Results in a Focal Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Model in the Rat after Separate and Combined Use of Mouse-Derived Neural Progenitor Cells, Human-Derived Neural Progenitor Cells and Atorvastatin.

Aim: To assess the efficacy of Neural progenitor cell (NPC) transplantation in ischemic stroke, and to investigate whether atorvastatin enhances therapeutic potency of NPC after stroke.

Material And Methods: The focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was performed by transient occlusion of middle cerebral artery. Rats were assigned randomly to receive intracerebral transplantation of mouse NPC alone (mNPC), human NPC alone (hNPC), mouse NPC plus oral atorvastatin (mNPC+A), human NPC plus oral atorvastatin (hNPC+A), oral atorvastatin alone, or intracerebral Dulbecco"s Modified Eagle"s medium injection (control group).

Neurosurgical treatment of nonconvulsive status epilepticus due to focal cortical dysplasia.

We present a rare case of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) and nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) treated successfully with early surgical intervention. Our case is a 9-year-old boy whose seizures, characterized by short episodes of loss of consciousness, appeared at the age of 7, and he showed progressive cognitive decline in the following years. NCSE was diagnosed, and his MRI revealed FCD in the left frontal region which was the same side as his EEG abnormality.

Factors Determining the Outcome in Trigeminal Neuralgia Treated With Percutaneous Balloon Compression.

Objective: To analyze 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and clinical features of patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) who underwent percutaneous balloon compression and to determine whether these findings had an impact on prognosis of TN.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients with TN who underwent percutaneous balloon compression in the Neurosurgery Department at Istanbul Faculty of Medicine between January 1, 2007, and January 1, 2016, was undertaken. Of 105 patients who underwent percutaneous balloon compression, 27 patients who received surgical treatment for the first time for typical TN were included in the study.

Fully endoscopic interlaminar and transforaminal lumbar discectomy: Analysis of 47 complications encountered in a series of 835 patients.

Objective: To report perioperative complications in fully endoscopic lumbar discectomy (FELD).

Methods: From September 2010 to November 2016, 835 patients underwent FELD. In total, 865 disc levels were operated on.

Midterm results of T-stent-assisted coiling of wide-necked and complex intracranial bifurcation aneurysms using low-profile stents.

OBJECTIVE Coiling of wide-necked and complex bifurcation aneurysms frequently requires implantation of double stents in various configurations. T-stent-assisted coiling involves the nonoverlapping implantation of 2 stents to protect the daughter vessels of bifurcation and is followed by coiling of the aneurysm. The authors studied the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of the T-stent-assisted coiling procedure as well as the midterm angiographic/clinical outcomes of patients with wide-necked bifurcation intracranial aneurysms treated using this technique.

Evaluation of Short-Term Neurological Outcomes in Children with Brain Abscesses.

Aim: To evaluate the neurological outcomes of children diagnosed with brain abscesses in the early post-treatment period. < b > MATERIAL and METHODS: This study was a retrospective analysis of pediatric brain abscess patients between January 2000 and December 2015, during a 16-years period. Patients were divided into two groups according to their outcome at the end of the treatment.

Clinical Course of Non-Traumatic Non-Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Single Institution Experience over 10 Years and Review of the Contemporary Literature.

Aim: To report our experience with a relatively large series of patients with non-traumatic non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (NNSAH) to identify the prognosis associated with different bleeding patterns as well as a further diagnostic work-up to determine the underlying cause.

Material And Methods: Between January 2004 and December 2014, 81 patients with angiography-negative non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were treated at our institution. Diagnosis was confirmed with a typical history of spontaneous SAH and cranial computed tomography (CT) scan or lumbar puncture (LP).

Transcortical Removal of Third Ventricular Colloid Cysts: Comparison of Conventional, Guided Microsurgical and Endoscopic Approaches and Review of the Literature.

Aim: To compare the clinical results of different transcortical approaches for the removal of third ventricular colloid cysts (CC).

Material And Methods: Records of 41 colloid cyst patients who underwent transcortical conventional microsurgical, microsurgical with the aid of stereotactically guided cylindrical retractor (minitubular), and endoscopic removal between 1999 and 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical results of these three different transcortical surgical approaches were compared and a literature review of published series was conducted.

Surgery for Pyogenic Brain Abscess over 30 Years: Evaluation of the Roles of Aspiration and Craniotomy.

Aim: To evaluate the roles of craniotomy and aspiration in the treatment of pyogenic brain abscess throughout 30 years of computerized tomography.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study of 224 patients who were surgically treated at Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Neurosurgery between 1982 and 2012 was undertaken. The records were analyzed for demographic, clinical and radiological findings, surgical interventions (resection, free-hand aspiration and image-guided aspiration), data regarding abscesses (etiological factors, site, size, number, localization and identified microorganism), corticosteroid and antibiotic usage and complications, and the outcomes were reviewed.

Fully endoscopic supraorbital keyhole approach to the anterior cranial base: A cadaveric study.

Introduction: The supraorbital keyhole approach for anterior cranial base lesions has been increasingly used in clinical practice. Anatomical studies focusing on the endoscopic anatomy via this approach are few, although the microscopic anatomy has been well studied. The aim of this study is to describe the anatomical features and surgical exposure provided by the endoscopic supraorbital keyhole approach using quantitative measurements.

Use of Antifibrotics to Prevent Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Complications Due to Intra-abdominal Fibrosis: Experimental Study in a Rat Model.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid shunt operations have reduced the morbidity and mortality of hydrocephalus, but have potential complications. Ventriculoperitoneal (vp) shunt obstruction is one of the common complications of shunt surgery. The obstruction is caused by fibrosis and is usually located on the tip of the ventricular and/or peritoneal catheter.

A malignant transformation of a spinal epidural mass from ganglioneuroblastoma to neuroblastoma.

Ganglioneuromas are benign tumors. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice with very good prognosis. However, neuroblastomatous malignant transformation of ganglioneuromas was previously reported.

Neuronavigation-assisted percutaneous balloon compression for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia: The technique and short-term clinical results.

Background: Percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) has been widely used in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. However, this technique has a steep learning curve and significant complications were reported that were related to foramen ovale puncturing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of a small patient group who underwent neuronavigation-assisted PBC.

Fully endoscopic interlaminar and transforaminal lumbar discectomy: short-term clinical results of 163 surgically treated patients.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with lumbar disc disease undergoing fully endoscopic surgery at a single clinic.

Methods: Between August 2009 and January 2012, 163 patients (74 men and 89 women) underwent fully endoscopic lumbar discectomy. All patients were followed for 1 year after surgery.

Unilateral endoscopic optic nerve decompression for idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a series of 10 patients.

Objective: Several surgical treatment modalities, including lumboperitoneal or ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery, subtemporal decompression, endovascular venous sinus stenting, optic nerve decompression (OND), were used in the management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Each surgical technique has different advantages and disadvantages. Endoscopic OND is rarely used in the management of IIH.

Treatment of ruptured blood blister-like aneurysms with flow diverter SILK stents.

Introduction: Blood blister-like aneurysms (BBAs) are fragile and difficult to treat. Routine surgical and endovascular treatment methods, such as clipping, clip wrapping, primary coiling, or stent assisted coiling, have relatively high morbidity and mortality rates. In this study, we report clinical and angiographic results for treatment of ruptured BBAs using flow diverter stents.

Effects of sodium hyaluronate and methylprednisolone alone or in combination in preventing epidural fibrosis.

Objective: Epidural fibrosis and leptomeningeal adhesion formation are common causes of failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS). We employed a rat model of lumbar laminectomy to evaluate the histopathological effects of sodium hyaluronate (HA) and methylprednisolone (MP) alone or in combination on post-laminectomy epidural fibrosis.

Methods: Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups.

A thrombosing, giant, distal posterior cerebral artery aneurysm in a newborn infant.

Intracranial aneurysms are extremely rare in infancy. No consensus has yet been developed about the exact treatment of this rare situation. The authors report the case of a 47-day-old male infant who had multiple seizures on the same day, leading to the diagnosis of an intracranial aneurysm.

The effects of protein kinase C activator phorbol dibutyrate on traumatic brain edema and aquaporin-4 expression.

Background: Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the major water channel in the central nervous system. Brain edema emerges from increased AQP4 expression in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Cell line studies have shown that the protein kinase activator phorbol ester exerts a suppressive effect on AQP4 and water permeability.

Traumatic epidural hematomas of the posterior cranial fossa.

Background: Traumatic EDHs of the posterior cranial fossa are rare and have a higher mortality than supratentorial localizations. Early diagnosis of TEHPCF and prompt surgical evacuation provide excellent recovery. Active use of cranial CT scanning has taken a major role in the diagnosis, surgical indication, close observation, and strategy planning.

Surgical results in pediatric Spetzler-Martin grades I-III intracranial arteriovenous malformations.

Objects: The goal of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) therapy in pediatric patients should be complete resection or obliteration of the AVM to eliminate subsequent hemorrhage, because of high mortality and morbidity rates related to hemorrhage in addition to the longer life expectation. Despite advances in Gamma knife radiosurgery and in endovascular embolization, surgical resection is still the gold standard for treating cerebral AVMs.

Methods: Between 1986 and 2003, 20 children were surgically treated for cerebral AVMs.

Vertebral osteoid osteoma associated with paravertebral soft-tissue changes on magnetic resonance imaging. Report of two cases.

Soft-tissue changes associated with osteoid osteoma have been described in the digits of the hands and feet as well as the long bones. Only six cases in which such changes occurred in the spine have been reported. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging facilitates the determination of such changes.