Interventional treatment of non-spontaneously healed spontaneous coronary artery dissection: a case report.

Background: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a significant cause of non-atherosclerotic acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. Women account for 87-95% of SCAD patients, with the average age of onset ranging from 44 to 53 years. Approximately 95% of cases reported to resolve spontaneously.

A Facile Strategy for PEGylated Nanoprodrug of Bortezomib with Improved Stability, Enhanced Biocompatibility, pH-Controlled Disassembly, and Release.

The therapeutic efficacy of bortezomib (BTZ) is often limited due to low solubility, poor stability in vivo and nonspecific toxicity. Herein, a kind of catechol-functionalized polyethylene glycol (mPEG-CA) is first synthesized and then mPEG-CA is readily used to conjugate with BTZ by the formation of dynamic boronate bonds to obtain PEGlyated BTZ prodrug (mPEG-CA-BTZ) with the ability of pH-controlled disassembly and drug release. The structure and morphology, physicochemical characteristics, drug loading, and release as well as in vitro cytotoxicity of mPEG-CA-BTZ nanoparticles are investigated in detail.

Lipid-lowering drugs and risk of rapid renal function decline: a mendelian randomization study.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients face the risk of rapid kidney function decline leading to adverse outcomes like dialysis and mortality. Lipid metabolism might contribute to acute kidney function decline in CKD patients. Here, we utilized the Mendelian Randomization approach to investigate potential causal relationships between drug target-mediated lipid phenotypes and rapid renal function decline.

Liposome-camouflaged iodinated mesoporous silica nanoparticles with high loading capacity, high hemodynamic stability, high biocompatibility and high radiopacity.

Due to their low osmolality and high tolerability, the highly water-soluble nonionic iodinated contrast agents, such as Ioversol (IV), are widely used as clinical agents for CT imaging. However, their clinical applications still are severely limited by the rapid renal excretion, serious adverse effects especially contrast-induced nephropathy and inefficient targetability. Various nanocarriers have demonstrated tremendous potential for achieving high imaging efficiency and low side effects.

Ivabradine in the treatment of non-paroxysmal junctional tachycardia with interference atrioventricular dissociation: A case report.

Ivabradine reduces the heart rate by selectively inhibiting the I current of the sinoatrial node, mainly for the treatment of chronic heart failure with decreased left ventricular systolic function and inappropriate sinus tachycardia, but the inhibitory effect on the atrioventricular node is rarely reported. The patient was admitted to hospital mainly because of intermittent chest pain for 7 years, which worsened for 10 days. Admission electrocardiogram (ECG) considered sinus tachycardia, with QS wave and T wave inversion in II, III, aVF, V R-V R, V -V leads, and non-paroxysmal junctional tachycardia (NPJT) with interference atrioventricular dissociation.

Transradial Retrograde Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of Chronic Total Occlusion an Ipsilateral Septal Collateral Using a Single Guiding Catheter: A Case Report.

Background: With the development of specialized equipment and the retrograde technique, success rates for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of chronic total occlusions (CTOs) have increased from 60 to 90% in the past 10 years. Performing PCI a collateral channel from the contralateral artery, using two guiding catheters, is usually the preferred approach to retrograde CTO-PCI. In the case described in this report, only the ipsilateral septal collateral artery from the proximal occluded left anterior descending (LAD) artery was available.

Preoperative Fasting Blood Glucose Levels and the Risk of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients With Diabetes and Pre-diabetes Undergoing Coronary Arteriography or Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients undergoing coronary arteriography/percutaneous coronary intervention (CAG/PCI). We evaluated whether preoperative fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in diabetic and pre-diabetic patients who underwent CAG/PCI influenced the occurrence of CIN. From June 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021, 687 patients were divided into five groups based on their preoperative FBG levels.

Organic Nanoplatforms for Iodinated Contrast Media in CT Imaging.

X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging can produce three-dimensional and high-resolution anatomical images without invasion, which is extremely useful for disease diagnosis in the clinic. However, its applications are still severely limited by the intrinsic drawbacks of contrast media (mainly iodinated water-soluble molecules), such as rapid clearance, serious toxicity, inefficient targetability and poor sensitivity. Due to their high biocompatibility, flexibility in preparation and modification and simplicity for drug loading, organic nanoparticles (NPs), including liposomes, nanoemulsions, micelles, polymersomes, dendrimers, polymer conjugates and polymeric particles, have demonstrated tremendous potential for use in the efficient delivery of iodinated contrast media (ICMs).

Novel nanoliposomes alleviate contrast-induced acute kidney injury in New Zealand rabbits by mediating inflammatory response.

Background: The purpose of the research was to investigate the preventive effect of nanoliposomes on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in New Zealand rabbits and to provide a theoretical basis for clinically effective prevention and treatment of CIN and the development of new contrast agents.

Methods: A total of 48 New Zealand rabbits were divided into four groups randomly, there were 12 rabbits in eacj group: (I) control group; (II) contrast group; (III) hydration prevention group; and (IV) nanoliposome group. The changes of serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were messured before and after injection of iopromide.

Novel Nanoliposomes Alleviate Contrast-Induced Nephropathy by Mediating Apoptosis Response in New Zealand Rabbits.

The aim of this study was to test the preventive effects of nano liposomes against contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in New Zealand rabbits. Sixty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into four groups, with 15 rabbits in each group: control group, contrast group, hydration group and nano liposome group. Serum creatinine (Scr) and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) were measured before and after injection of the contrast agent iopromide.

The Preventive Effect of Alprostadil on the Contrast-Induced Nephropathy of Coronary Heart Disease Treated by Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Moderate and High-Risk Population Stratified by Mehran Score.

The Mehran risk score (MRS) was used to classify patients with coronary heart disease and evaluate the preventive effect of alprostadil on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) after percutaneous coronary intervention. The patients (n = 1146) were randomized into an alprostadil and control group and then divided into 3 groups on the basis of the MRS: low-risk, moderate-risk, and high-risk groups. The primary end point was the occurrence of CIN (alprostadil + hydration vs simple hydration treatment); secondary end points included serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine clearance rate, cystatin C, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, proteinuria, and differences in the incidence of major adverse events.

Trimetazidine can prevent the occurrence of contrast-induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary intervention in elderly patients with renal insufficiency.

Background: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has become a common cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury in elderly patients. Trimetazidine (TMZ) is a type of anti-ischemic drug developed in recent years, which can reduce the incidence of CIN. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of TMZ in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in elderly patients with renal insufficiency undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and to explore the mechanism of action.

Preventive effect of trimetazidine on contrast-induced nephropathy undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in elderly moderate and high risk diabetics stratified by mehran score.

Background: The aim of this research was to use the Mehran risk score to classify elderly diabetics with coronary heart disease to assess the preventive effect of trimetazidine on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in different risk population.

Methods: An uncompromised of 760 elderly diabetics that went through PCI were included in this research. The patients were first divided into three groups in the light of MRS: low-risk, moderate-risk, and high-risk group, then randomized into trimetazidine group and the control group respectively.

Efficacy of nicorandil on the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with coronary heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of nicorandil on the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with coronary heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods: This study randomized 300 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention to receive conventional treatment in the control group (hydration only; n = 150) vs. nicorandil therapy (nicorandil 10 mg three times daily plus hydration; n = 150).

Comparison of double-dose vs. usual dose of nicorandil for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy after cardiac catheterization.

Purpose: Contrast-associated nephropathy (CIN), the third main reason of the acute kidney injury (AKI) in inpatients, is a potentially severe side effect of angiography and the preventive role of nicorandil on CIN is still controversal. The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the preventive role of different doses of nicorandil on CIN in patients experiencing cardiac catheterization compared with hydration.

Methods: We recorded outcomes from 330 patients who were randomly divided to either a double-dose (30 mg/day) nicorandil group or to a usual-dose (15 mg/day) nicorandil group or a control group (hydration only).

High Loading Dose of Atorvastatin for the Prevention of Serum Creatinine and Cystatin C-Based Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of high-dose atorvastatin on the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous intervention and observe the incidence of cystatin C (CyC)-based CIN. A total of 496 patients with ACS were randomly assigned to either the control group (247 patients receiving conventional dose atorvastatin 10 mg daily from 1 day before to 3 days after contrast administration) or the high-dose atorvastatin group (249 patients receiving atorvastatin 40 mg daily for the same perioperative period). The baseline characteristics of the 2 groups were similar.

Preventive Effects of Alprostadil Against Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Inpatients With Renal Insufficiency Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

We investigated the preventive effect of alprostadil on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with renal insufficiency undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 300 patients with creatinine clearance (crCl) ≤60 mL/min undergoing PCI were randomly assigned to alprostadil or a control group. The primary end point was the incidence of CIN defined as an increase in serum creatinine (Scr) levels by ≥0.

The efficacy of probucol combined with hydration in preventing contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with coronary heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled study.

Purpose: To investigate the preventive effect of probucol combined with hydration on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with coronary heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: A total of 641 patients undergoing PCI were randomly assigned to either a probucol group (probucol 500 mg twice daily and hydration; n = 321) or a control group (hydration only; n = 320). The primary endpoint was the incidence of CIN, defined as an increase in serum creatinine (Scr) by ≥ 44.

Efficacy of alprostadil in preventing contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial.

Background: The role of alprostadil on the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) still remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of short-term alprostadil on the incidence of CIN in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: A total of 480 patients with coronary heart disease undergoing PCI were enrolled in our study and randomly assigned to two groups.

Efficacy of short-term moderate or high-dose rosuvastatin in preventing contrast-induced nephropathy: A meta-analysis of 15 randomized controlled trials.

Background: The prophylactic efficacy of statin pretreatment for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains controversial. The aim of the study was to perform a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effectiveness of short-term moderate or high-dose rosuvastatin pretreatment in preventing CIN.

Methods: We included RCTs comparing short-term moderate or high-dose rosuvastatin treatment versus low-dose rosuvastatin treatment or placebo for preventing CIN.

Atorvastatin combining with probucol: a new way to reduce serum uric acid level during perioperative period of interventional procedure.

Uric acid has ever been considered as one of contrast induced acute kidney injury's risk factors. Atorvastatin and probucol can both improve contrast induced acute kidney injury separately. This prospective study is to assess their effect on reducing serum uric acid level and contrast induced acute kidney injury during perioperative period of interventional procedure.