Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction in (Diptera: Tephritidae) Subjected to Various Phytosanitary Treatments.

is a major pest that causes serious damage to many fruits. Although phytosanitary treatment methods have been developed for control, there is a lack of information related to the gene expression pattern of . subjected to phytosanitary treatment conditions.

Vapor heat treatment against Planococcus lilacinus Cockerell (Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae) on dragon fruit.

Background: The coffee mealybug Planococcus lilacinus Cockerell, is an invasive pest that infests dragon fruit [Selenicereus undatus (Haworth) D.R. Hunt], that may require a phytosanitary treatment to meet quarantine requirements.

The mitochondrial genome of (: Empididae).

The dance fly belongs to the subfamily Ocydromiinae of Empididae. The mitogenome (GenBank accession number: MT610901) of was sequenced, the new representative of the mitogenome of the subfamily. The nearly complete mitogenome is 15,267 bp totally, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs and 22 transfer RNAs.

Radioprotective Effects on Late Third-Instar (Diptera: Tephritidae) Larvae in Low-Oxygen Atmospheres.

Ionizing radiation creates free radicals, the effect of which is enhanced by the presence of oxygen; a low oxygen level produces radioprotective effects for insects compared with irradiation in ambient air. Modified (controlled) atmosphere packaging is used for maintaining quality and shelf-life extension; therefore, treatment efficacy may be affected, and there is a need to determine the critical O levels that may cause radioprotective effects. Late third-instar (Hendel) larvae were irradiated in bags filled with ambient or low-oxygen air (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% O) and were exposed to radiation doses of 8 to 64 Gy with intervals of 8 Gy.

The mitochondrial genome of (Diptera: Empididae).

The dance fly belongs to the subfamily Empidinae of Empididae. The mitogenome (GenBank accession number: MK993569) of was sequenced, the new representative of the mitogenome of the subfamily. The complete mitogenome is 14,961 bp totally, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNAs, and 22 transfer RNAs.

Rapid detection of the pathogenic fungi causing blackleg of Brassica napus using a portable real-time fluorescence detector.

The fungus Leptosphaeria maculans leading to Phoma stem canker (blackleg) of Brassica napus (oilseed rape, canola) produces the phytotoxin sirodesmin PL, which is responsible for major yield losses of oilseed rape worldwide. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) remains the gold standard diagnostic tool for L. maculans, but the required expensive equipment and long time make it inappropriate for fast field test.

Pheromone-binding proteins in the Asian gypsy moth females, Lymantria dispar, recognizing the sex pheromone and plant volatiles.

Lepidopterans are known to have different pheromone-binding proteins with differential expression patterns that facilitate specific signal transduction of semiochemicals. Two PBPs of the Asian gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar, were reported to express in both females and males, but their physiological functions were unknown. Results showed that LdisPBP1 and LdisPBP2 were expressed in the sensilla trichodea of males and the s.

Development of Chloroplast Genomic Resources for Species Discrimination.

Rice is the most important crop in the world as the staple food for over half of the population. The wild species of represent an enormous gene pool for genetic improvement of rice cultivars. Accurate and rapid identification of these species is critical for effective utilization of the wild rice germplasm.

Chloroplast Genomic Resource of Paris for Species Discrimination.

Paris is famous in China for its medicinal value and has been included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Inaccurate identification of these species could confound their effective exploration, conservation, and domestication. Due to the plasticity of the morphological characteristics, correct identification among Paris species remains problematic.

Identification of odorant binding proteins in Carpomya vesuviana and their binding affinity to the male-borne semiochemicals and host plant volatiles.

Carpomya vesuviana (Costa; Diptera: Tephritidae) is an agricultural pest that causes serious damage to jujube fruits. However, the mechanism of olfaction, which is critical for host identification, is not well understood in this pest. In this study, we have identified for the first time five protein types involved in the olfactory signal transduction of C.

The complete chloroplast genome of traditional Chinese medical plants Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis.

Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis is a perennial medical plant widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. Here, we report the complete chloroplast genome of P.

Structural and functional difference of pheromone binding proteins in discriminating chemicals in the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar.

Pheromone-binding proteins (PBPs) of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L., play an important role in olfaction. Here structures of PBPs were first built by Homology Modeling, and each model of PBPs had seven α-helices and a large hydrophobic cavity including 25 residues for PBP1 and 30 residues for PBP2.