Glucose transporter 1 protein detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunocytochemistry: a useful diagnostic tool for malignant pleural effusions.

Background: Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) is a hallmark of metabolic change in cancer cells. The objective of this study was to determine the role of GLUT1 protein in diagnosing malignant pleural effusions by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunocytochemistry.

Methods: In total, 82 pleural effusions were collected and classified as benign (n = 42), atypical (n = 8), or malignant (n = 32) based on cytologic diagnosis and etiology.

Detection of carbonic anhydrase IX protein in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunocytochemistry.

Background: Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a hallmark of metabolic change in cancer cells. The aim was to evaluate the utility of CAIX expression for the detection of malignant pleural effusions by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunocytochemistry.

Methods: A total of 97 pleural effusions including 54 benign effusions, 10 atypical effusions, and 33 malignant effusions, classified based on cytological diagnosis and etiology, were subjected to ELISA to measure protein level and to immunocytochemistry in cell blocks to determine CAIX expression.

Diagnostic value of metabolic phenotypes in malignant pleural effusions: expression of GLUT1 and CAIX by immunocytochemistry.

Background: The sensitivity of conventional cytology for the detection of malignant cells in pleural effusion is insufficient. GLUT1 and CAIX are the hallmarks of metabolic change in cancer cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of GLUT1 and CAIX expression to the detection of cancer cells in pleural effusions.